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In Reinforcement Learning (RL), it is commonly assumed that an immediate reward signal is generated for each action taken by the agent, helping the agent maximize cumulative rewards to obtain the optimal policy. However, in many real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Yuting Tang , Xin-Qiang Cai , Yao-Xiang Ding , Qiyu Wu , Guoqing Liu , Masashi Sugiyama

A critical challenge for reinforcement learning (RL) is making decisions based on incomplete and noisy observations, especially in perturbed and partially observable Markov decision processes (P$^2$OMDPs). Existing methods fail to mitigate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Na Li , Hangguan Shan , Wei Ni , Wenjie Zhang , Xinyu Li , Yamin Wang

Learned representations in deep reinforcement learning (DRL) have to extract task-relevant information from complex observations, balancing between robustness to distraction and informativeness to the policy. Such stable and rich…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Mete Kemertas , Tristan Aumentado-Armstrong

The aim of this paper is to introduce an adaptive penalized estimator for identifying the true reduced parametric model under the sparsity assumption. In particular, we deal with the framework where the unpenalized estimator of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-02 Alessandro De Gregorio , Francesco Iafrate

Delays frequently occur in real-world environments, yet standard reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms often assume instantaneous perception of the environment. We study random sensor delays in POMDPs, where observations may arrive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Armin Karamzade , Kyungmin Kim , JB Lanier , Davide Corsi , Roy Fox

Model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) aims to learn a dynamic model to reduce the number of interactions with real-world environments. However, due to estimation error, rollouts in the learned model, especially those of long horizons,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Yueh-Hua Wu , Ting-Han Fan , Peter J. Ramadge , Hao Su

Inference-time scaling methods rely on Process Reward Models (PRMs), which are often poorly calibrated and overestimate success probabilities. We propose, to our knowledge, the first use of conditional optimal transport for calibrating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Rachel Ma , Dylan Hadfield-Menell , Kristjan Greenewald

In the predict-then-optimize framework, the objective is to train a predictive model, mapping from environment features to parameters of an optimization problem, which maximizes decision quality when the optimization is subsequently solved.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Kai Wang , Sanket Shah , Haipeng Chen , Andrew Perrault , Finale Doshi-Velez , Milind Tambe

The purpose of this article is to develop a general parametric estimation theory that allows the derivation of the limit distribution of estimators in non-regular models where the true parameter value may lie on the boundary of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-28 Junichiro Yoshida , Nakahiro Yoshida

Reinforcement learning algorithms are typically designed for discrete-time dynamics, even though the underlying real-world control systems are often continuous in time. In this paper, we study the problem of continuous-time reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Klemens Iten , Lenart Treven , Bhavya Sukhija , Florian Dörfler , Andreas Krause

Learning-based control methods typically assume stationary system dynamics, an assumption often violated in real-world systems due to drift, wear, or changing operating conditions. We study reinforcement learning for control under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Klemens Iten , Bruce Lee , Chenhao Li , Lenart Treven , Andreas Krause , Bhavya Sukhija

How to learn an effective reinforcement learning-based model for control tasks from high-level visual observations is a practical and challenging problem. A key to solving this problem is to learn low-dimensional state representations from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Jianda Chen , Sinno Jialin Pan

This paper addresses the problem of training a reinforcement learning (RL) policy under partial observability by exploiting a privileged, anytime-feasible planner agent available exclusively during training. We formalize this as a Partially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Mohsen Amiri , Mohsen Amiri , Ali Beikmohammadi , Sindri Magnuśson , Mehdi Hosseinzadeh

In this paper, we investigate the problem of offline Preference-based Reinforcement Learning (PbRL) with human feedback where feedback is available in the form of preference between trajectory pairs rather than explicit rewards. Our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Wenhao Zhan , Masatoshi Uehara , Nathan Kallus , Jason D. Lee , Wen Sun

In this work, we introduce a learning model designed to meet the needs of applications in which computational resources are limited, and robustness and interpretability are prioritized. Learning problems can be formulated as constrained…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-26 Christos Mavridis , John Baras

Curriculum learning--ordering training examples in a sequence to aid machine learning--takes inspiration from human learning, but has not gained widespread acceptance. Static strategies for scoring item difficulty rely on indirect proxy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Zhenwei Tang , Amogh Inamdar , Ashton Anderson , Richard Zemel

In recent years several learning approaches to point goal navigation in previously unseen environments have been proposed. They vary in the representations of the environments, problem decomposition, and experimental evaluation. In this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Yimeng Li , Arnab Debnath , Gregory J. Stein , Jana Kosecka

Sparse parametric models are of great interest in statistical learning and are often analyzed by means of regularized estimators. Pathwise methods allow to efficiently compute the full solution path for penalized estimators, for any…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-06 Alessandro De Gregorio , Francesco Iafrate

A major component of overfitting in model-free reinforcement learning (RL) involves the case where the agent may mistakenly correlate reward with certain spurious features from the observations generated by the Markov Decision Process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Xingyou Song , Yiding Jiang , Stephen Tu , Yilun Du , Behnam Neyshabur

Cross-situational word learning is based on the notion that a learner can determine the referent of a word by finding something in common across many observed uses of that word. Here we propose an adaptive learning algorithm that contains a…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2013-11-20 Paulo F. C. Tilles , Jose F. Fontanari