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Distance-bounding (DB) protocols let a verifier upper-bound a prover's physical distance by timing rapid challenge-response exchanges. Quantum communication promises simpler DB protocols with stronger security guarantees, yet existing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Kevin Bogner , Aysajan Abidin , Dave Singelee , Bart Preneel

In this study, we present a secure smart contract-based Verifiable Random Function (VRF) model, addressing the shortcomings of existing systems. As quantum computing emerges, conventional public key cryptography faces potential…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Bong Gon Kim , Dennis Wong , Yoon Seok Yang

We analyze how secure a block is after the block becomes $k$-deep, i.e., security-latency, for Nakamoto consensus under an exponential network delay model. We provide the fault tolerance and extensive bounds on safety violation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Mustafa Doger , Sennur Ulukus

The complexity of digital embedded systems has been increasing in different safety-critical applications such as industrial automation, process control, transportation, and medical digital devices. The correct operation of these systems…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Fayhaa Hameedi Khlaif , Shawkat Sabah Khairullah

Probabilistic model checking is a useful technique for specifying and verifying properties of stochastic systems including randomized protocols and reinforcement learning models. Existing methods rely on the assumed structure and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Lisa Oakley , Alina Oprea , Stavros Tripakis

Blockchain protocols incentivize participation through monetary rewards, assuming rational actors behave honestly to maximize their gains. However, attackers may attempt to harm others even at personal cost. These denial of profit attacks…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Arian Baloochestani , Leander Jehl

Endowing nonlinear systems with safe behavior is increasingly important in modern control. This task is particularly challenging for real-life control systems that must operate safely in dynamically changing environments. This paper…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-06 Tamas G. Molnar , Adam K. Kiss , Aaron D. Ames , Gábor Orosz

The robustness of fault detection algorithms against uncertainty is crucial in the real-world industrial environment. Recently, a new probabilistic design scheme called distributionally robust fault detection (DRFD) has emerged and received…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-16 Yulin Feng , Hailang Jin , Steven X. Ding , Hao Ye , Chao Shang

Control systems operating in the real world face countless sources of unpredictable uncertainties. These random disturbances can render deterministic guarantees inapplicable and cause catastrophic safety failures. To overcome this, this…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-10 Pol Mestres , Blake Werner , Ryan K. Cosner , Aaron D. Ames

Safe operation of systems such as robots requires them to plan and execute trajectories subject to safety constraints. When those systems are subject to uncertainties in their dynamics, it is challenging to ensure that the constraints are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-01-13 Gokhan Alcan , Ville Kyrki

This study tackles the computational challenges of solving Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) for a restricted class of problems. It is motivated by the Last Revealer Attack (LRA), which undermines fairness in some Proof-of-Stake (PoS)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Maxime Reynouard

We analyze bribing attacks in Proof-of-Stake distributed ledgers from a game theoretic perspective. In bribing attacks, an adversary offers participants a reward in exchange for instructing them how to behave, with the goal of attacking the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Dimitris Karakostas , Aggelos Kiayias , Thomas Zacharias

Blockchains face inherent limitations when communicating outside their own ecosystem, largely due to the Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) 3f+1 security model. Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) are a promising mitigation because they allow…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-11-06 Alex Shamis , Matt Stephenson , Linfeng Zhou

We propose a secure, stateless and composable transaction scheme to establish delivery-versus-payment (DvP) across two (or more) blockchains without relying on time-locks, centralized escrow, or stateful intermediaries. The method minimizes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Christian P. Fries , Peter Kohl-Landgraf

The ongoing research and industrial exploitation of SDN and NFV technologies promise higher flexibility on network automation and infrastructure optimization. Choosing the location of Virtual Network Functions is a central problem in the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-07-24 Balázs Németh , Nuria Molner , Jorge Jorge Martín-Pérez , Carlos J. Bernardos , Antonio de la Oliva , Balázs Sonkoly

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are powerful tools that have shown extraordinary results in many scenarios, ranging from pattern recognition to complex robotic problems. However, their intricate designs and lack of transparency raise safety…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Luca Marzari , Gabriele Roncolato , Alessandro Farinelli

This paper puts forward the concept that learning to take safe actions in unknown environments, even with probability one guarantees, can be achieved without the need for an unbounded number of exploratory trials. This is indeed possible,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-14 Agustin Castellano , Hancheng Min , Juan Bazerque , Enrique Mallada

Federated learning (FL) is a promising distributed learning solution that only exchanges model parameters without revealing raw data. However, the centralized architecture of FL is vulnerable to the single point of failure. In addition, FL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Hang Chen , Syed Ali Asif , Jihong Park , Chien-Chung Shen , Mehdi Bennis

Verifiable delay functions (VDF) are functions that take a specified number of sequential steps to be evaluated but can be verified efficiently. In this paper, we show that every VDF is provable in PSPACE but every language in PSPACE does…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Souvik Sur

We propose distributed iterative algorithms for safe control design and safety verification for networked multi-agent systems. These algorithms rely on distributing a control barrier function (CBF) related quadratic programming (QP) problem…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-25 Han Wang , Antonis Papachristodoulou , Kostas Margellos