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With numerous ongoing deployments owned by private companies and startups, dense satellite constellations deployed in low Earth orbit (LEO) will play a major role in the near future of wireless communications. In addition, the 3rd…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Beatriz Soret , Petar Popovski

The developments of satellite communication in network systems require strong and effective security plans. Attacks such as denial of service (DoS) can be detected through the use of machine learning techniques, especially under normal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Nacereddine Sitouah , Fatiha Merazka , Abdenour Hedjazi

Networked low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations enabled by inter-satellite links offer a promising path toward ubiquitous broadband non-terrestrial services. However, fast orbital motion induces frequent scheduling updates and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Yuchen Zhang , Eva Lagunas , Symeon Chatzinotas , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

Leveraging continuous solar energy harvesting at high efficiency, space data centers are envisioned as a promising platform for executing energy-intensive large language models (LLMs). Recognizing this advantage, space and AI conglomerates…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Zhanwei Wang , Huiling Yang , Min Sheng , Khaled B. Letaief , Kaibin Huang

The use of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites in the next generation (Next-G) communication systems has been gaining traction over the last few years due to their potential for providing global connectivity with low latency. Since they are…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-03 Sambrama , Venkata Srirama Rohit Kantheti , Liang C Chu , Erik Blasch , Shih-Chun Lin

In the ambitious realm of space AI, the integration of federated learning (FL) with low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations holds immense promise. However, many challenges persist in terms of feasibility, learning efficiency, and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Mohamed Elmahallawy , Tie Luo

Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks are emerging as a key infrastructure for global connectivity and space-based sensing. Many tasks in such systems can be formulated as measurement-set-to-spatial-inference problems, where spatial…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Liping Tao , Xindi Tong , Chee Wei Tan

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite communication is a critical component in the development of sixth generation (6G) networks. The integration of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology is being actively explored to enhance…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-03 Huibin Zhou , Xinrui Gong , Christos G. Tsinos , Li You , Xiqi Gao , Björn Ottersten

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a powerful foundation for intelligent reasoning and decision-making, demonstrating substantial impact across a wide range of domains and applications. However, their massive parameter scales and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Mingyu Sun , Xiao Zhang , Shen Qu , Yan Li , Mengbai Xiao , Yuan Yuan , Dongxiao Yu

Low-Earth-orbit (LEO) inter-satellite links must cope with strongly doubly selective channels and aged channel state information (CSI). In this paper, the term ``sensing'' refers to the receiver-side identifiability of a small set of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-06 Houtianfu Wang , Ozgur Akan

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved near-human performance across diverse reasoning tasks, yet their deployment on resource-constrained Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices remains impractical due to massive parameter footprints and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Mingyu Sung , Vikas Palakonda , Suhwan Im , Sunghwan Moon , Il-Min Kim , Sangseok Yun , Jae-Mo Kang

Recently, the rapid development of LEO satellite networks spurs another widespread concern-data processing at satellites. However, achieving efficient computation at LEO satellites in highly dynamic satellite networks is challenging and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Jiasheng Wu , Jingjing Zhang , Zheng Lin , Zhe Chen , Xiong Wang , Wenjun Zhu , Yue Gao

Low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites and vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks are driving integrated communication and navigation (ICAN) toward next-generation intelligent transportation. Affine frequency division multiplexing (AFDM) is a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-21 Zhenyu Chen , Ke Xiao , Xiaomei Tang , Jing Lei , Muzi Yuan , Guangfu Sun

Multi orbit low earth orbit (LEO) satellites communication is envisioned as a key infrastructure to deliver global coverage, enabling future services from space air ground integrated networks.However, the optimized design of LEO which…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Yingzhuo Sun , Yulan Gao , Ming Xiao , Zhu Han , Octavia A. Dobre

Relying on the powerful communication capabilities and rapidly changing geometric configuration, the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites have the potential to offer integrated communication and navigation (ICAN) services. However, the isolated…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Jiajing Li , Binghong Liu , Mugen Peng

Integrating contention-based random access procedures into low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication (SatCom) systems poses new challenges, including long propagation delays, large Doppler shifts, and a large number of simultaneous…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-27 Hyunwoo Lee , Ian P. Roberts , Jinkyo Jeong , Daesik Hong

The amount of data generated by Earth observation satellites can be enormous, which poses a great challenge to the satellite-to-ground connections with limited rate. This paper considers problem of efficient downlink communication of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-28 Van-Phuc Bui , Thinh Q. Dinh , Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Shashi Raj Pandey , Eva Lagunas , Petar Popovski

Driven by the ever-increasing penetration and proliferation of data-driven applications, a new generation of wireless communication, the sixth-generation (6G) mobile system enhanced by artificial intelligence (AI), has attracted substantial…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-23 Hao Chen , Ming Xiao , Zhibo Pang

The emergence of mega-constellations of interconnected satellites has a major impact on the integration of cellular wireless and non-terrestrial networks, while simultaneously offering previously inconceivable data gathering capabilities.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Nasrin Razmi , Bho Matthiesen , Armin Dekorsy , Petar Popovski

Distributed massive multiple-input multiple output (mMIMO) system for low earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks is introduced as a promising technique to provide broadband connectivity. Nevertheless, several challenges persist in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Khaled Humadi , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Halim Yanikomeroglu