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This paper addresses the question of whether the International Linear Collider has the capability of discovering new particles that have not already been discovered at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. We summarize the various paths to…

The correct modeling of $e^+e^-$ collision events at the International Linear Collider (ILC), as well as the response of a collider detector like the Silicon Detector (SiD), is crucial to evaluating the expected sensitivity to key…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-08-23 Chris Potter

I discuss the motivations for, and the status of, precision calculations for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the planned International Linear Collider (ILC).

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 U. Baur

The International Large Detector, ILD, is a detector concept which has been developed for the electron-positron collider ILC. The detector has been optimized for precision physics in a range of energies between 90 GeV and 1 TeV. ILD…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-12-11 The ILD Collaboration , contact Ties Behnke

We investigate the sensitivity to long-lived dark photons produced in Higgstrahlung events via the Higgs portal, $H \rightarrow \gamma_{D} \gamma_{D}$, with the Silicon Detector (SiD) at the International Linear Collider (ILC). These events…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-06-28 Laura Jeanty , Laura Nosler , Chris Potter

The 4th Concept detector presently being designed for the International Linear Collider introduces several innovations in order to achieve the necessary experimental goal of a detecter that is 2-to-10 times better than the already excellent…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2007-08-06 Sung Keun Park , Franco Grancagnolo , John Hauptman , Alexander Mikhailichenko , Nural Akchurin

The International Linear Collider (ILC) is on the table now as a new global energy-frontier accelerator laboratory taking data in the 2030s. The ILC addresses key questions for our current understanding of particle physics. It is based on a…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2023-01-18 Alexander Aryshev , Ties Behnke , Mikael Berggren , James Brau , Nathaniel Craig , Ayres Freitas , Frank Gaede , Spencer Gessner , Stefania Gori , Christophe Grojean , Sven Heinemeyer , Daniel Jeans , Katja Kruger , Benno List , Jenny List , Zhen Liu , Shinichiro Michizono , David W. Miller , Ian Moult , Hitoshi Murayama , Tatsuya Nakada , Emilio Nanni , Mihoko Nojiri , Hasan Padamsee , Maxim Perelstein , Michael E. Peskin , Roman Poeschl , Sam Posen , Aidan Robson , Jan Strube , Taikan Suehara , Junping Tian , Maxim Titov , Marcel Vos , Andrew White , Graham Wilson , Kaoru Yokoya , Aleksander Filip Zarnecki , Ichiro Adachi , Kaustubh Agashe , Tatjana Agatonovic Jovin , Hiroaki Aihara , Wolfgang Altmannshofer , Daniele Alves , Justin Anguiano , Ken-Ichi Aoki , Masato Aoki , Toshihiro Aoki , Yumi Aoki , Yasuo Arai , Hayato Araki , Haruka Asada , Kento Asai , Shoji Asai , David Attie , Howard Baer , Jonathan Bagger , Yang Bai , Ian Bailey , Ricardo Barrue , Rainer Bartoldus , Emanuela Barzi , Matthew Basso , Lothar Bauerdick , Sebastian Baum , Alain Bellerive , Sergey Belomestnykh , Jorge Berenguer Antequera , Jakob Beyer , Pushpalatha Bhat , Burak Bilki , Kevin Black , Kenneth Bloom , Geoffrey Bodwin , Veronique Boisvert , Fatma Boran , Vincent Boudry , Radja Boughezal , Antonio Boveia , Ivanka Bozovic-Jelisavcic , Jean-Claude Brient , Stanley Brodsky , Laurent Brunetti , Karsten Buesser , Eugene Bulyak , Philip N. Burrows , Graeme C. Burt , Yunhai Cai , Valentina Cairo , Anadi Canepa , Francesco Giovanni Celiberto , Enrico Cenni , Zackaria Chacko , Iryna Chaikovska , Mattia Checchin , Lisong Chen , Thomas Y. Chen , Hsin Chia Cheng , Gi-Chol Cho , Brajesh Choudhary , Jim Clarke , James Cline , Raymond Co , Timothy Cohen , Paul Colas , Chris Damerell , Arindam Das , Sridhara Dasu , Sally Dawson , Jorge de Blas , Carlos Henrique de Lima , Aldo Deandrea , Klaus Dehmelt , Jean Delayen , Carlos Henrique de Lima , Marcel Demarteau , Dmitri Denisov , Radovan Dermisek , Angel Dieguez , Takeshi Dohmae , Jens Dopke , Katharina Dort , Yong Du , Bohdan Dudar , Bhaskar Dutta , Juhi Dutta , Ulrich Einhaus , Eckhard Elsen , Motoi Endo , Grigory Eremeev , Engin Eren , Jens Erler , Eric Esarey , Lisa Everett , Angeles Faus Golfe , Marcos Fernandez Garcia , Brian Foster , Nicolas Fourches , Mary-Cruz Fouz , Keisuke Fujii , Junpei Fujimoto , Esteban Fullan Torregrosa , Kazuro Furukawa , Takahiro Fusayasu , Juan Fuster , Serguei Ganjour , Yuanning Gao , Naveen Gaur , Rongli Geng , Howard Georgi , Tony Gherghetta , Joel Goldstein , Dorival Goncalves , Julia Gonski , Tomas Gonzalo , Takeyoshi Goto , Toru Goto , Norman Graf , Joseph Grames , Paul Grannis , Lindsey Gray , Alexander Grohsjean , Jiayin Gu , Yalcin Guler , Phillip Gutierrez , Junji Haba , Howard Haber , John Hallford , Koichi Hamaguchi , Tao Han , Kazuhiko Hara , Daisuke Harada , Koji Hashimoto , Katsuya Hashino , Masahito Hayashi , Gudrun Heinrich , Keisho Hidaka , Takeo Higuchi , Fujio Hinode , Zenro Hioki , Minoru Hirose , Nagisa Hiroshima , Junji Hisano , Wolfgang Hollik , Samuel Homiller , Sungwoo Hong , Anson Hook , Yasuyuki Horii , Hiroki Hoshina , Ivana Hristova , Katri Huitu , Yoshifumi Hyakutake , Toru Iijima , Katsumasa Ikematsu , Anton Ilderton , Kenji Inami , Adrian Irles , Akimasa Ishikawa , Koji Ishiwata , Hayato Ito , Igor Ivanov , Sho Iwamoto , Toshiyuki Iwamoto , Masako Iwasaki , Yoshihisa Iwashita , Haoyi Jia , Fabricio Jimenez Morales , Prakash Joshi , Sunghoon Jung , Goran Kacarevic , Michael Kagan , Mitsuru Kakizaki , Jan Kalinowski , Jochen Kaminski , Kazuyuki Kanaya , Shinya Kanemura , Hayato Kanno , Yuya Kano , Shigeru Kashiwagi , Yukihiro Kato , Nanami Kawada , Shin-ichi Kawada , Kiyotomo Kawagoe , Valery Khoze , Hiromichi Kichimi , Doojin Kim , Teppei Kitahara , Ryuichiro Kitano , Jan Klamka , Sachio Komamiya , K. C. Kong , Taro Konomi , Katsushige Kotera , Emi Kou , Ilya Kravchenko , Kiyoshi Kubo , Takayuki Kubo , Takuya Kumaoka , Ashish Kumar , Nilanjana Kumar , Jonas Kunath , Saumyen Kundu , Hiroshi Kunitomo , Masakazu Kurata , Masao Kuriki , Alexander Kusenko , Theodota Lagouri , Andrew J. Lankford , Gordana Lastovicka-Medin , Francois Le Diberder , Claire Lee , Matthias Liepe , Jacob Linacre , Zachary Liptak , Shivani Lomte , Ian Low , Yang Ma , Hani Maalouf , David MacFarlane , Brendon Madison , Thomas Madlener , Tomohito Maeda , Paul Malek , Sanjoy Mandal , Thomas Markiewicz , John Marshall , Aurelien Martens , Victoria Martin , Martina Martinello , Celso Martinez Rivero , Nobuhito Maru , John Matheson , Shigeki Matsumoto , Hiroyuki Matsunaga , Yutaka Matsuo , Kentarou Mawatari , Johnpaul Mbagwu , Peter McIntosh , Peter McKeown , Patrick Meade , Krzysztof Mekala , Petra Merkel , Satoshi Mihara , Víctor Miralles , Marcos Miralles Lopez , Go Mishima , Satoshi Mishima , Bernhard Mistlberger , Alexander Mitov , Kenkichi Miyabayashi , Akiya Miyamoto , Gagan Mohanty , Laura Monaco , Myriam Mondragon , Hugh E. Montgomery , Gudrid Moortgat-Pick , Nicolas Morange , María Moreno Llacer , Stefano Moretti , Toshinori Mori , Toshiyuki Morii , Takeo Moroi , David Morrissey , Benjamin Nachman , Kunihiro Nagano , Jurina Nakajima , Eiji Nakamura , Shinya Narita , Pran Nath , Timothy Nelson , David Newbold , Atsuya Niki , Yasuhiro Nishimura , Eisaku Nishiyama , Yasunori Nomura , Kacper Nowak , Mitsuaki Nozaki , María Teresa Nunez Pardo de Vera , Ines Ochoa , Masahito Ogata , Satoru Ohashi , Hikaru Ohta , Shigemi Ohta , Norihito Ohuchi , Hideyuki Oide , Nobuchika Okada , Yasuhiro Okada , Shohei Okawa , Yuichi Okayasu , Yuichi Okugawa , Toshiyuki Okugi , Takemichi Okui , Yoshitaka Okuyama , Mathieu Omet , Tsunehiko Omori , Hiroaki Ono , Tomoki Onoe , Wataru Ootani , Hidetoshi Otono , Shuhei Ozawa , Simone Pagan Griso , Alessandro Papa , Rocco Paparella , Eun-Kyung Park , Gilad Perez , Abdel Perez-Lorenzana , Yvonne Peters , Frank Petriello , Jonatan Piedra , Werner Porod , Christopher Potter , Alan Price , Yasser Radkhorrami , Laura Reina , Juergen Reuter , Francois Richard , Sabine Riemann , Robert Rimmer , Thomas Rizzo , Tania Robens , Roger Ruber , Alberto Ruiz Jimeno , Takayuki Saeki , Ipsita Saha , Tomoyuki Saito , Makoto Sakaguchi , Tadakatsu Sakai , Yasuhito Sakaki , Kodai Sakurai , Riccardo Salvatico , Fabrizio Salvatore , Yik Chuen San , Pearl Sandick , Tomoyuki Sanuki , Kollassery Swathi Sasikumar , Oliver Schaefer , Ruth Schaefer , Uwe Schneekloth , Thomas Schoerner-Sadenius , Carl Schroeder , Philip Schuster , Ariel Schwartzman , Reinhard Schwienhorst , Felix Sefkow , Yoshihiro Seiya , Motoo Sekiguchi , Kazuyuki Sekizawa , Katsumi Senyo , Hale Sert , Danielev Sertore , Ronald Settles , Qaisar Shafi , Tetsuo Shahdara , Barmak Shams Es Haghi , Ashish Sharma , Jessie Shelton , Claire Shepherd-Themistocleous , Hiroto Shibuya , Tetsuo Shidara , Takashi Shimomura , Tetsuo Shindou , Yutaro Shoji , Jing Shu , Ian Sievers , Frank Simon , Rajeev Singh , Yotam Soreq , Marcel Stanitzki , Steinar Stapnes , Amanda Steinhebel , John Stupak , Shufang Su , Fumihiko Suekane , Akio Sugamoto , Yuji Sugawara , Satoru Sugimoto , Yasuhiro Sugimoto , Hiroaki Sugiyama , Yukinari Sumino , Raman Sundrum , Atsuto Suzuki , Shin Suzuki , Maximilian Swiatlowski , Tim M. P. Tait , Shota Takahashi , Tohru Takahashi , Tohru Takeshita , Michihisa Takeuchi , Yosuke Takubo , Tomohiko Tanabe , Philip Tanedo , Morimitsu Tanimoto , Shuichiro Tao , Xerxes Tata , Toshiaki Tauchi , Geoffrey Taylor , Takahiro Terada , Nobuhiro Terunuma , Jesse Thaler , Alessandro Thea , Finn Tillinger , Jan Timmermans , Kohsaku Tobioka , Kouichi Toda , Atsushi Tokiyasu , Takashi Toma , Julie Torndal , Mehmet Tosun , Yu-Dai Tsai , Shih-Yen Tseng , Koji Tsumura , Douglas Tuckler , Yoshiki Uchida , Yusuke Uchiyama , Daiki Ueda , Fumihiko Ukegawa , Kensei Umemori , Junji Urakawa , Claude Vallee , Roberto Vega , Liliana Velasco , Silvia Verdu-Andres , Caterina Vernieri , Anna Vila , Ivan Vila Alvarez , Joost Vossebeld , Raghava Vsrms , Natasa Vukasinovic , Doreen Wackeroth , Moe Wakida , Liantao Wang , Masakazu Washio , Takashi Watanabe , Nigel Watson , Gordon Watts , Georg Weiglein , James D. Wells , Marc Wenskat , Susanne Westhoff , Glen White , Ciaran Williams , Stephane Willocq , Matthew Wing , Alasdair Winter , Marc Winter , Yongcheng Wu , Keping Xie , Tao Xu , Vyacheslav Yakovlev , Shuei Yamada , Akira Yamamoto , Hitoshi Yamamoto , Kei Yamamoto , Yasuchika Yamamoto , Masato Yamanaka , Satoru Yamashita , Masahiro Yamatani , Naoki Yamatsu , Shigehiro Yasui , Takuya Yoda , Ryo Yonamine , Keisuke Yoshihara , Masakazu Yoshioka , Tamaki Yoshioka , Fukuko Yuasa , Keita Yumino , Dirk Zerwas , Ya-Juan Zheng , Jia Zhou , Hua Xing Zhu , Mikhail Zobov , Fabian Zomer

The international Future Circular Collider (FCC) study aims at designing pp, e$^+$e$^-$, e$^\pm$p colliders to be built in a new 100 km tunnel in the Geneva region. The electroweak, Higgs and top factory (FCC-ee) is designed to provide…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2021-11-22 Gerardo Ganis , Clément Helsens

The ILC Technical Design Report documents the design of a 500 GeV linear collider, but does not specify the center-of-mass energy steps of operation for the collider. The ILC Parameters Joint Working Group has studied possible running…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2015-11-18 James E. Brau , representing ILC Parameters Joint Working Group , : , T. Barklow , J. Brau , K. Fujii , J. Gao , J. List , N. Walker , K. Yokoya

The International Linear Collider (ILC) will advance our understanding of fundamental physics, through a program for precision measurements of the Higgs boson and of the top quark properties. An additional crucial goal of the ILC will be…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-11-03 Stefania Gori

The ILD detector is proposed for an electron-positron collider with collision centre-of-mass energies from 90~\GeV~to about 1~\TeV. It has been developed over the last 10 years by an international team of scientists with the goal to design…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-03-04 The ILD Collaboration

To probe physics of interest a decade after the LHC begins to take data, the Linear Collider will need to have the capability of performing precision measurements of masses and couplings. We discuss the demands that this places on its…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2007-05-23 Bruce A. Schumm

The prospects for a precise exploration of the properties of a single or many observed Higgs bosons at future accelerators are summarized, with particular emphasis on the abilities of a Linear Collider (LC). Some implications of these…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-08-14 J. Conway , K. Desch , J. F. Gunion , S. Mrenna , D. Zeppenfeld

We summarize the physics case for the International Linear Collider (ILC). We review the key motivations for the ILC presented in the literature, updating the projected measurement uncertainties for the ILC experiments in accord with the…

The International Linear Collider (ILC) will allow the precise study of $e^{-}e^{+}\rightarrow q\bar{q}$ interactions at different center-of-mass energies from the $Z$-pole to 1 TeV. In this paper, we discuss the experimental prospects for…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-06-03 A. Irles , J. P. Márquez , R. Pöschl , F. Richard , A. Saibel , H. Yamamoto , N. Yamatsu

The extensive and ambitious physics program planned at the Future Circular Collider for electrons and positrons (FCC-ee) imposes strict constraints on detector performance. This work investigates how different detector properties impact jet…

The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is a concept for a future $e^{+}e^{-}$ linear collider with a center-of-mass energy of up to 3 TeV. The design of a CLIC experiment is driven by the requirements related to the physics goals, as well as by…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2014-02-13 Christian Grefe

Physics at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the International e+e- Linear Collider (ILC) will be complementary in many respects, as has been demonstrated at previous generations of hadron and lepton colliders. This report addresses the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2012-08-27 LC Study Group , G. Weiglein , T. Barklow , E. Boos , A. De Roeck , K. Desch , F. Gianotti , R. Godbole , J. F. Gunion , H. E. Haber , S. Heinemeyer , J. L. Hewett , K. Kawagoe , K. Monig , M. M. Nojiri , G. Polesello , F. Richard , S. Riemann , W. J. Stirling , A. G. Akeroyd , B. C. Allanach , D. Asner , S. Asztalos , H. Baer , M. Battaglia , U. Baur , P. Bechtle , G. Belanger , A. Belyaev , E. L. Berger , T. Binoth , G. A. Blair , S. Boogert , F. Boudjema , D. Bourilkov , W. Buchmuller , V. Bunichev , G. Cerminara , M. Chiorboli , H. Davoudiasl , S. Dawson , S. De Curtis , F. Deppisch , M. A. Diaz , M. Dittmar , A. Djouadi , D. Dominici , U. Ellwanger , J. L. Feng , I. F. Ginzburg , A. Giolo-Nicollerat , B. K. Gjelsten , S. Godfrey , D. Grellscheid , J. Gronberg , E. Gross , J. Guasch , K. Hamaguchi , T. Han , J. Hisano , W. Hollik , C. Hugonie , T. Hurth , J. Jiang , A. Juste , J. Kalinowski , W. Kilian , R. Kinnunen , S. Kraml , M. Krawczyk , A. Krokhotine , T. Krupovnickas , R. Lafaye , S. Lehti , H. E. Logan , E. Lytken , V. Martin , H. -U. Martyn , D. J. Miller , S. Moretti , F. Moortgat , G. Moortgat-Pick , M. Muhlleitner , P. Niezurawski , A. Nikitenko , L. H. Orr , P. Osland , A. F. Osorio , H. Pas , T. Plehn , W. Porod , A. Pukhov , F. Quevedo , D. Rainwater , M. Ratz , A. Redelbach , L. Reina , T. Rizzo , R. Ruckl , H. J. Schreiber , M. Schumacher , A. Sherstnev , S. Slabospitsky , J. Sola , A. Sopczak , M. Spira , M. Spiropulu , Z. Sullivan , M. Szleper , T. M. P. Tait , X. Tata , D. R. Tovey , A. Tricomi , M. Velasco , D. Wackeroth , C. E. M. Wagner , S. Weinzierl , P. Wienemann , T. Yanagida , A. F. Zarnecki , D. Zerwas , P. M. Zerwas , L. Zivkovic

The ILC Technical Design Report documents the design for the construction of a linear collider which can be operated at energies up to 500 GeV. This report summarizes the outcome of a study of possible running scenarios, including a…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2015-06-26 T. Barklow , J. Brau , K. Fujii , J. Gao , J. List , N. Walker , K. Yokoya

The Electron Ion Collider (EIC) is the next generation of precision QCD facility to be built at Brookhaven National Laboratory in conjunction with Thomas Jefferson National Laboratory. There are a significant number of software and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-12-20 J. C. Bernauer , C. T. Dean , C. Fanelli , J. Huang , K. Kauder , D. Lawrence , J. D. Osborn , C. Paus , J. K. Adkins , Y. Akiba , A. Albataineh , M. Amaryan , I. C. Arsene , C. Ayerbe Gayoso , J. Bae , X. Bai , M. D. Baker , M. Bashkanov , R. Bellwied , F. Benmokhtar , V. Berdnikov , F. Bock , W. Boeglin , M. Borysova , E. Brash , P. Brindza , W. J. Briscoe , M. Brooks , S. Bueltmann , M. H. S. Bukhari , A. Bylinkin , R. Capobianco , W. -C. Chang , Y. Cheon , K. Chen , K. -F. Chen , K. -Y. Cheng , M. Chiu , T. Chujo , Z. Citron , E. Cline , E. Cohen , T. Cormier , Y. Corrales Morales , C. Cotton , J. Crafts , C. Crawford , S. Creekmore , C. Cuevas , J. Cunningham , G. David , M. Demarteau , S. Diehl , N. Doshita , R. Dupré , J. M. Durham , R. Dzhygadlo , R. Ehlers , L. El Fassi , A. Emmert , R. Ent , R. Fatemi , S. Fegan , M. Finger , M. Finger , J. Frantz , M. Friedman , I. Friscic , D. Gangadharan , S. Gardner , K. Gates , F. Geurts , R. Gilman , D. Glazier , E. Glimos , Y. Goto , N. Grau , S. V. Greene , A. Q. Guo , L. Guo , S. K. Ha , J. Haggerty , T. Hayward , X. He , O. Hen , D. W. Higinbotham , M. Hoballah , T. Horn , A. Hoghmrtsyan , P. -h. J. Hsu , G. Huber , A. Hutson , K. Y. Hwang , C. Hyde , M. Inaba , T. Iwata , H. S. Jo , K. Joo , N. Kalantarians , G. Kalicy , K. Kawade , S. J. D. Kay , A. Kim , B. Kim , C. Kim , M. Kim , Y. Kim , Y. Kim , E. Kistenev , V. Klimenko , S. H. Ko , I. Korover , W. Korsch , G. Krintiras , S. Kuhn , C. -M. Kuo , T. Kutz , J. Lajoie , S. Lebedev , H. Lee , J. S. H. Lee , S. W. Lee , Y. -J. Lee , W. Li , W. Li , X. Li , X. Li , Y. T. Liang , S. Lim , C. -h. Lin , D. X. Lin , K. Liu , M. X. Liu , K. Livingston , N. Liyanage , W. J. Llope , C. Loizides , E. Long , R. -S. Lu , Z. Lu , W. Lynch , D. Marchand , M. Marcisovsky , P. Markowitz , H. Marukyan , P. McGaughey , M. Mihovilovic , R. G. Milner , A. Milov , Y. Miyachi , A. Mkrtchyan , P. Monaghan , R. Montgomery , D. Morrison , A. Movsisyan , H. Mkrtchyan , A. Mkrtchyan , C. Munoz Camacho , M. Murray , K. Nagai , J. Nagle , I. Nakagawa , C. Nattrass , D. Nguyen , S. Niccolai , R. Nouicer , G. Nukazuka , M. Nycz , V. A. Okorokov , S. Orešić , C. O'Shaughnessy , S. Paganis , Z Papandreou , S. F. Pate , M. Patel , G. Penman , M. G. Perdekamp , D. V. Perepelitsa , H. Periera da Costa , K. Peters , W. Phelps , E. Piasetzky , C. Pinkenburg , I. Prochazka , T. Protzman , M. L. Purschke , J. Putschke , J. R. Pybus , R. Rajput-Ghoshal , J. Rasson , B. Raue , K. Read , K. Røed , R. Reed , J. Reinhold , E. L. Renner , J. Richards , C. Riedl , T. Rinn , J. Roche , G. M. Roland , G. Ron , M. Rosati , C. Royon , J. Ryu , S. Salur , N. Santiesteban , R. Santos , M. Sarsour , J. Schambach , A. Schmidt , N. Schmidt , C. Schwarz , J. Schwiening , R. Seidl , A. Sickles , P. Simmerling , S. Sirca , D. Sharma , Z. Shi , T. -A. Shibata , C. -W. Shih , S. Shimizu , U. Shrestha , K. Slifer , K. Smith , D. Sokhan , R. Soltz , W. Sondheim , J. Song , J. Song , I. I. Strakovsky , P. Steinberg , P. Stepanov , J. Stevens , J. Strube , P. Sun , X. Sun , K. Suresh , V. Tadevosyan , W. -C. Tang , S. Tapia Araya , S. Tarafdar , L. Teodorescu , A. Timmins , L. Tomasek , N. Trotta , R. Trotta , T. S. Tveter , E. Umaka , A. Usman , H. W. van Hecke , C. Van Hulse , J. Velkovska , E. Voutier , P. K. Wang , Q. Wang , Y. Wang , Y. Wang , D. P. Watts , N. Wickramaarachchi , L. Weinstein , M. Williams , C. -P. Wong , L. Wood , M. H. Wood , C. Woody , B. Wyslouch , Z. Xiao , Y. Yamazaki , Y. Yang , Z. Ye , H. D. Yoo , M. Yurov , N. Zachariou , W. A. Zajc , J. Zhang , Y. Zhang , Y. X. Zhao , X. Zheng , P. Zhuang