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In the context of kilonova (KN) modeling, the present work focusses on large-scale atomic data and opacity computations for all heavy elements from Ca to Lr, with a special effort on lanthanides and actinides, for a grid of typical KN…

We explore the physics of SN Ia light curves and spectra using the 1-D non-LTE time-dependent radiative-transfer code CMFGEN. Rather than adjusting ejecta properties to match observations, we select as input one "standard" 1-D…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Luc Dessart , D. John Hillier , Stephane Blondin , Alexei Khokhlov

We have studied the influence of the presupernova structure and the degree of Ni-56 mixing on the bolometric light curve of SN 1987A in terms of radiation hydrodynamics in the one-group approximation by abandoning LTE and by taking into…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 V. P. Utrobin

The radioactively powered transient following a binary neutron star (BNS) merger, known as a kilonova (KN), is expected to enter the steady-state nebular phase a few days after merger. Steady-state holds until thermal reprocessing…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-12-22 Quentin Pognan , Anders Jerkstrand , Jon Grumer

We present radiative transfer simulations for blue kilonovae hours after neutron star (NS) mergers by performing detailed opacity calculations for the first time. We calculate atomic structures and opacities of highly ionized elements (up…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-09-30 Smaranika Banerjee , Masaomi Tanaka , Kyohei Kawaguchi , Daiji Kato , Gediminas Gaigalas

We present a radiative transfer code to model the nebular phase spectra of supernovae (SNe) in non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE). We apply it to a systematic study of Type Ia SNe using parameterized 1D models and show how nebular…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-08-30 János Botyánszki , Daniel Kasen

We present fits of generalized semi-analytic supernova (SN) light curve (LC) models for a variety of power inputs including Ni-56 and Co-56 radioactive decay, magnetar spin-down, and forward and reverse shock heating due to supernova…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-16 E. Chatzopoulos , J. C. Wheeler , J. Vinko , Z. L. Horvath , A. Nagy

We present POSSIS, a time-dependent three-dimensional Monte Carlo code for modelling radiation transport in supernovae and kilonovae. The code incorporates wavelength- and time-dependent opacities and predicts viewing-angle dependent…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-11-13 Mattia Bulla

We present synthetic light curves and spectra from three-dimensional (3D) Monte Carlo radiative transfer simulations based on a 3D core-collapse supernova explosion model of an ultra-stripped $3.5\,\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$ progenitor. Our…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-13 Thomas Maunder , Fionntan P. Callan , Stuart A. Sim , Alexander Heger , Bernhard Müller

Spectroscopy is an important tool for providing insights into the structure of core-collapse supernova explosions. We use the Monte Carlo radiative transfer code ARTIS to compute synthetic spectra and light curves based on a two-dimensional…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-30 Thomas Maunder , Bernhard Müller , Fionntan Callan , Stuart Sim , Alexander Heger

Depending upon the properties of their compact remnants and the physics included in the models, simulations of neutron star mergers can produce a broad range of ejecta properties. The characteristics of this ejecta, in turn, define the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-09-08 R. T. Wollaeger , C. L. Fryer , E. A. Chase , C. J. Fontes , M. Ristic , A. L. Hungerford , O. Korobkin , R. O'Shaughnessy , A. M. Herring

Kilonovae are a rare class of astrophysical transients powered by the radioactive decay of nuclei heavier than iron, synthesized in the merger of two compact objects. Over the first few days, the kilonova evolution is dominated by a large…

The coalescence of binary neutron stars in the GW170817 event led to the generation of gravitational waves, accompanied by the electromagnetic counterpart known as a kilonova (KN). Since then, it has been a prime topic of interest, as it…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-19 Surojit Saha , Albert K. H Kong

Nebular phase kilonovae (KNe) have significant infra-red (IR) emission thought to be mostly forbidden emission lines from rapid neutron capture (r-process) species in neutron star merger ejecta. Lanthanide elements in particular have…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-18 Quentin Pognan , Kyohei Kawaguchi , Shinya Wanajo , Sho Fujibayashi , Anders Jerkstrand , Jon Grumer

Kilonova spectra provide us with the direct information of r-process nucleosynthesis in neutron star mergers. In this paper, we study the signatures of elements beyond the third r-process peak expected to be produced in neutron-rich ejecta…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-11-27 Nanae Domoto , Shinya Wanajo , Masaomi Tanaka , Daiji Kato , Kenta Hotokezaka

We present a rapid analytic framework for predicting kilonova light curves following neutron star (NS) mergers, where the main input parameters are binary-based properties measurable by gravitational wave detectors (chirp mass and mass…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-07-07 Matt Nicholl , Ben Margalit , Patricia Schmidt , Graham P. Smith , Evan J. Ridley , James Nuttall

The kilonova emission observed following the binary neutron star merger event GW170817 provided the first direct evidence for the synthesis of heavy nuclei through the r-process. The late-time transition in the spectral energy distribution…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-02-14 Meng-Ru Wu , Jennifer Barnes , Gabriel Martinez-Pinedo , Brian D. Metzger

The constraints on the $\Lambda$CDM model from type Ia supernova (SNe Ia) data alone and BAO data alone are similar, so it is worthwhile to compare their constraints on the property of dark energy. We apply the SNLS3 compilation of 472 SNe…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-04-09 Yungui Gong , Qing Gao , Zong-Hong Zhu

Kilonovae represent key sites of r-process nucleosynthesis, making opacity estimation and spectral analysis crucial for constraining their composition. Since light r-process elements shape the early ($\sim$0.5-1.5$\mathrm{d}$) ejecta…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-27 Matteo Bezmalinovich , Mattia Bulla , Gediminas Gaigalas , Diego Vescovi , Matteo Canzari , Sergio Cristallo

Observations of the kilonova from a neutron star merger event GW170817 opened a way to directly study r-process nucleosynthesis by neutron star mergers. It is, however, challenging to identify the individual elements in the kilonova spectra…