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In reinforcement learning (RL), it is challenging to learn directly from high-dimensional observations, where data augmentation has recently been shown to remedy this via encoding invariances from raw pixels. Nevertheless, we empirically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Chenyu Sun , Hangwei Qian , Chunyan Miao

This paper deals with two-sample tests for functional time series data, which have become widely available in conjunction with the advent of modern complex observation systems. Here, particular interest is in evaluating whether two sets of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-16 Alexander Aue , Holger Dette , Gregory Rice

Understanding change over time within dyads, such as mentor-mentee or therapist-client pairs, poses unique challenges, particularly in studies with small samples and distinguishable roles. This paper introduces a flexible hybrid…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-03 Liu Liu

This review examines the evidence in the literature for physiological co-modulation during human-animal interaction. The aim of this work is to identify studies that assessed co-modulation via simultaneous measurement of physiological…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-14 G. Bargigli , L. Frassineti , A. Lanata' , P. Baragli , C. Scopa , A. Vignoli

The tail correlation function (TCF) is one of the most popular bivariate extremal dependence measures that has entered the literature under various names. We study to what extent the TCF can distinguish between different classes of…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-02-20 Kirstin Strokorb , Felix Ballani , Martin Schlather

With our ability to record more neurons simultaneously, making sense of these data is a challenge. Functional connectivity is one popular way to study the relationship between multiple neural signals. Correlation-based methods are a set of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-06-09 Tiger W. Lin , Anup Das , Giri P. Krishnan , Maxim Bazhenov , Terrence J. Sejnowski

Functional data analysis, which handles data arising from curves, surfaces, volumes, manifolds and beyond in a variety of scientific fields, is a rapidly developing area in modern statistics and data science in the recent decades. The…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-21 Xiaoke Zhang , Wu Xue , Qiyue Wang

Biomechanics and human movement research often involves measuring multiple kinematic or kinetic variables regularly throughout a movement, yielding data that present as smooth, multivariate, time-varying curves and are naturally amenable to…

A two-stage collaborative exam is one in which students first complete the exam individually, and then complete the same or similar exam in collaborative groups immediately afterward. To quantify the learning effect from the group component…

Physics Education · Physics 2015-01-14 Joss Ives

Medical datasets and especially biobanks, often contain extensive tabular data with rich clinical information in addition to images. In practice, clinicians typically have less data, both in terms of diversity and scale, but still wish to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Paul Hager , Martin J. Menten , Daniel Rueckert

Causal inference is a critical research area with multi-disciplinary origins and applications, ranging from statistics, computer science, economics, psychology to public health. In many scientific research, randomized experiments provide a…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-26 Jingying Zeng

Deficits in working memory, which includes both the ability to learn and to retain information short-term, are a hallmark of many cognitive disorders. Our study analyzes data from a neuroscience experiment on animal subjects, where…

Applications · Statistics 2025-12-23 Maria Laura Battagliola , Laura J. Benoit , Sarah Canetta , Shizhe Zhang , R. Todd Ogden

Because local field potentials (LFPs) arise from multiple sources in different spatial locations, they do not easily reveal coordinated activity across neural populations on a trial-to-trial basis. As we show here, however, once disparate…

Applications · Statistics 2022-01-19 Natalie Klein , Joshua H. Siegle , Tobias Teichert , Robert E. Kass

Multiway datasets are commonly analyzed using unsupervised matrix and tensor factorization methods to reveal underlying patterns. Frequently, such datasets include timestamps and could correspond to, for example, health-related measurements…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Christos Chatzis , Carla Schenker , Jérémy E. Cohen , Evrim Acar

The correlated variability in the responses of a neural population to the repeated presentation of a sensory stimulus is a universally observed phenomenon. Such correlations have been studied in much detail, both with respect to their…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2018-07-04 Volker Pernice , Rava Azeredo da Silveira

This paper studies the problem of learning the correlation structure of a set of intervention functions defined on the directed acyclic graph (DAG) of a causal model. This is useful when we are interested in jointly learning the causal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-09-29 Virginia Aglietti , Theodoros Damoulas , Mauricio Álvarez , Javier González

Multiphase flow phenomena have been widely observed in the industrial applications, yet it remains a challenging unsolved problem. Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approaches resolve of the flow fields on finer spatial…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-05-11 Han Bao , Jinyong Feng , Nam Dinh , Hongbin Zhang

Measuring a strength of dependence of random variables is an important problem in statistical practice. In this paper, we propose a new function valued measure of dependence of two random variables. It allows one to study and visualize…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-05-12 Teresa Ledwina

Investigating the relationship, particularly the lead-lag effect, between time series is a common question across various disciplines, especially when uncovering biological process. However, analyzing time series presents several…

Latent variable models are popularly used to measure latent factors (e.g., abilities and personalities) from large-scale assessment data. Beyond understanding these latent factors, the covariate effect on responses controlling for latent…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-12 Jing Ouyang , Chengyu Cui , Kean Ming Tan , Gongjun Xu