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Internet users increasingly rely on commercial virtual private network (VPN) services to protect their security and privacy. The VPN services route the client's traffic over an encrypted tunnel to a VPN gateway in the cloud. Thus, they hide…
VPN adoption has seen steady growth over the past decade due to increased public awareness of privacy and surveillance threats. In response, certain governments are attempting to restrict VPN access by identifying connections using "dual…
Virtual Private Network (VPN) solutions are used to connect private networks securely over the Internet. Besides their benefits in corporate environments, VPNs are also marketed to privacy-minded users to preserve their privacy, and to…
Many systems today rely heavily on virtual private network (VPN) technology to connect networks and protect their services on the Internet. While prior studies compare the performance of different implementations, they do not consider…
Desktops and laptops can be maliciously exploited to violate privacy. In this paper, we consider the daily battle between the passive attacker who is targeting a specific user against a user that may be adversarial opponent. In this…
Anecdotal evidence suggests an increasing number of people are turning to VPN services for the properties of privacy, anonymity and free communication over the internet. Despite this, there is little research into what these services are…
Enterprise Networks are growing in scale and complexity, with heterogeneous connected assets needing to be secured in different ways. Nevertheless, virtually all connected assets use the Domain Name System (DNS) for address resolution, and…
Centralized Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) when used in distributed systems have performance constraints as all traffic must traverse through a central server. In recent years, there has been a paradigm shift towards the use of P2P in VPNs…
Full-packet encryption is a technique used by modern evasive Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) to avoid protocol-based flagging from censorship models by disguising their traffic as random noise on the network. Traditional methods for…
In this paper we present three attacks on private internal networks behind a NAT and a corresponding new protection mechanism, Internal Network Policy, to mitigate a wide range of attacks that penetrate internal networks behind a NAT. In…
Virtualization is widely adopted in cloud systems to manage resource sharing among users. A virtualized environment usually deploys a virtual switch within the host system to enable virtual machines to communicate with each other and with…
Local Differential Privacy (LDP) enables massive data collection and analysis while protecting end users' privacy against untrusted aggregators. It has been applied to various data types (e.g., categorical, numerical, and graph data) and…
Confidential computing safeguards sensitive computations from untrusted clouds, with Confidential Virtual Machines (CVMs) providing a secure environment for guest OS. However, CVMs often come with large and vulnerable operating system…
Corporate Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) enable users to work from home or while traveling. At the same time, VPNs are tied to a company's network infrastructure, forcing users to install proprietary clients for network compatibility…
A Virtual Private Network (VPN) provides private network connections over a publicly accessible shared network. The effective allocation of bandwidth for VPNs assumes significance in the present scenario due to varied traffic. Each VPN…
This study explores the impact of adversarial perturbations on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with the aim of enhancing the understanding of their underlying mechanisms. Despite numerous defense methods proposed in the literature,…
With the shift to working remotely after the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) around the world has nearly doubled. Therefore, measuring the traffic and security aspects of the VPN ecosystem is more important now…
Distributed Virtual Private Networks (dVPNs) are new VPN solutions aiming to solve the trust-privacy concern of a VPN's central authority by leveraging a distributed architecture. In this paper, we first review the existing dVPN ecosystem…
In this study, we attempt to add to the literature of Connected and Automated Vehicle (CAV) security by incorporating the security vulnerabilities and countermeasures of the Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) and their access technologies.…
Computers and computer networks have become integral to virtually every aspect of modern life, with the Internet playing an indispensable role. Organizations, businesses, and individuals now store vast amounts of proprietary, confidential,…