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File systems are critical OS components that require constant evolution to support new hardware and emerging application needs. However, the traditional paradigm of developing features, fixing bugs, and maintaining the system incurs…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Qingyuan Liu , Mo Zou , Hengbin Zhang , Dong Du , Yubin Xia , Haibo Chen

Software configurations play a crucial role in determining the behavior of software systems. In order to ensure safe and error-free operation, it is necessary to identify the correct configuration, along with their valid bounds and rules,…

Traditional formal specification generation methods are typically tailored to specific specification types, and therefore suffer from limited generality. In recent years, large language model (LLM)-based specification generation approaches…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zehan Chen , Long Zhang , Zhiwei Zhang , JingJing Zhang , Ruoyu Zhou , Yulong Shen , JianFeng Ma , Lin Yang

Code generation is to automatically generate source code conforming to a given programming specification, which has received extensive attention especially with the development of large language models (LLMs). Due to the inherent difficulty…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Zhao Tian , Junjie Chen , Xiangyu Zhang

In the past few years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have exploded in usefulness and popularity for code generation tasks. However, LLMs still struggle with accuracy and are unsuitable for high-risk applications without additional oversight…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-29 William Murphy , Nikolaus Holzer , Feitong Qiao , Leyi Cui , Raven Rothkopf , Nathan Koenig , Mark Santolucito

RTL implementations frequently lack up-to-date or consistent specifications, making comprehension, maintenance, and verification costly and error-prone. While prior work has explored generating specifications from RTL using large language…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Fu-Chieh Chang , Yu-Hsin Yang , Hung-Ming Huang , Yun-Chia Hsu , Yin-Yu Lin , Ming-Fang Tsai , Chun-Chih Yang , Pei-Yuan Wu

This study investigates the reliability of code generation by Large Language Models (LLMs), focusing on identifying and analyzing defects in the generated code. Despite the advanced capabilities of LLMs in automating code generation,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Ali Mohammadi Esfahani , Nafiseh Kahani , Samuel A. Ajila

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in generating software code for high-level programming languages such as Python and C++. However, their application to hardware description languages, such as Verilog,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yan Tan , Xiangchen Meng , Zijun Jiang , Yangdi Lyu

Autoformalization, the process of translating informal statements into formal logic, has gained renewed interest with the emergence of powerful Large Language Models (LLMs). While LLMs show promise in generating structured outputs from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Mihir Gupte , Ramesh S

Converting high-level tasks described by natural language into formal specifications like Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) is a key step towards providing formal safety guarantees over cyber-physical systems (CPS). While the compliance of the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Junle Li , Siqi Chen , Jiakai Li , Meiqi Tian , Bingzhuo Zhong

Fully automated verification of large-scale software and hardware systems is arguably the holy grail of formal methods. Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated their potential for enhancing the degree of automation in formal…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Zhongyi Wang , Tengjie Lin , Mingshuai Chen , Haokun Li , Mingqi Yang , Xiao Yi , Shengchao Qin , Yixing Luo , Xiaofeng Li , Bin Gu , Liqiang Lu , Jianwei Yin

Existing Large Language Model (LLM) approaches to SystemVerilog Assertion (SVA) generation primarily focus on syntactic validity and formal verification outcomes, while semantic alignment between generated assertions and natural language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jaime Rafael Imperial , Hao Zheng

Software engineers in various industrial domains are already using Large Language Models (LLMs) to accelerate the process of implementing parts of software systems. When considering its potential use for ADAS or AD systems in the automotive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Ali Nouri , Beatriz Cabrero-Daniel , Zhennan Fei , Krishna Ronanki , Håkan Sivencrona , Christian Berger

Software testing is a crucial phase in the software life cycle, helping identify potential risks and reduce maintenance costs. With the advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), researchers have proposed an increasing number of LLM-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Quanjun Zhang , Ye Shang , Chunrong Fang , Siqi Gu , Jianyi Zhou , Zhenyu Chen

Logical specifications have been shown to help reinforcement learning algorithms in achieving complex tasks. However, when a task is under-specified, agents might fail to learn useful policies. In this work, we explore the possibility of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Tanmay Ambadkar , Đorđe Žikelić , Abhinav Verma

Ensembles of generative large language models (LLMs) are a promising way to compensate for individual model limitations, integrating the strengths of different LLMs. Existing LLM ensemble methods, however, face limitations such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Bo Lv , Nayu Liu , Chen Tang , Xin Liu , Yue Yu , Ping Luo

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in generating software code for high-level programming languages such as Python and C++. However, their application to hardware description languages, such as Verilog,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Yan Tan , Xiangchen Meng , Zijun Jiang , Yangdi Lyu

Program refinement involves correctness-preserving transformations from formal high-level specification statements into executable programs. Traditional verification tool support for program refinement is highly interactive and lacks…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Yufan Cai , Zhe Hou , Xiaokun Luan , David Miguel Sanan Baena , Yun Lin , Jun Sun , Jin Song Dong

Large language models (LLMs) are being used in many applications and prompts for these models are integrated into software applications as code-like artifacts. These prompts behave much like traditional software in that they take inputs,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Reshabh K Sharma , Jonathan De Halleux , Shraddha Barke , Dan Grossman , Benjamin Zorn

Large Language Models (LLMs) have greatly advanced code auto-completion systems, with a potential for substantial productivity enhancements for developers. However, current benchmarks mainly focus on single-file tasks, leaving an assessment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Tianyang Liu , Canwen Xu , Julian McAuley