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With the improving semantic understanding capability of Large Language Models (LLMs), they exhibit a greater awareness and alignment with human values, but this comes at the cost of transparency. Although promising results are achieved via…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Nafis Tanveer Islam , Zhiming Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a promising paradigm for next-generation recommender systems, offering strong semantic understanding and natural-language reasoning abilities. Despite recent progress, current LLM-based…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Shijun Li , Wooseong Yang , Yu Wang , Tianxin Wei , Joydeep Ghosh

Logical reasoning is essential for large language models (LLMs) to ensure accurate and coherent inference. However, LLMs struggle with reasoning order variations and fail to generalize across logically equivalent transformations. LLMs often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Qianxi He , Qianyu He , Jiaqing Liang , Yanghua Xiao , Weikang Zhou , Zeye Sun , Fei Yu

This paper introduces a novel dataset REGEN (Reviews Enhanced with GEnerative Narratives), designed to benchmark the conversational capabilities of recommender Large Language Models (LLMs), addressing the limitations of existing datasets…

Interpretable Learning to Rank (LtR) is an emerging field within the research area of explainable AI, aiming at developing intelligible and accurate predictive models. While most of the previous research efforts focus on creating post-hoc…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Claudio Lucchese , Franco Maria Nardini , Salvatore Orlando , Raffaele Perego , Alberto Veneri

We consider language modelling (LM) as a multi-label structured prediction task by re-framing training from solely predicting a single ground-truth word to ranking a set of words which could continue a given context. To avoid annotating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Arvid Frydenlund , Gagandeep Singh , Frank Rudzicz

Text-to-image models have recently achieved remarkable success with seemingly accurate samples in photo-realistic quality. However as state-of-the-art language models still struggle evaluating precise statements consistently, so do language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Björn Deiseroth , Patrick Schramowski , Hikaru Shindo , Devendra Singh Dhami , Kristian Kersting

This paper proposes a novel approach to evaluate Counter Narrative (CN) generation using a Large Language Model (LLM) as an evaluator. We show that traditional automatic metrics correlate poorly with human judgements and fail to capture the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Irune Zubiaga , Aitor Soroa , Rodrigo Agerri

Answering multiple-choice questions in a setting in which no supporting documents are explicitly provided continues to stand as a core problem in natural language processing. The contribution of this article is two-fold. First, it describes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-15 George-Sebastian Pîrtoacă , Traian Rebedea , Stefan Ruseti

To ensure large language models (LLMs) are used safely, one must reduce their propensity to hallucinate or to generate unacceptable answers. A simple and often used strategy is to first let the LLM generate multiple hypotheses and then…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-12 António Farinhas , Haau-Sing Li , André F. T. Martins

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant performance improvements across various cognitive tasks. An emerging application is using LLMs to enhance retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) capabilities. These systems require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Satyapriya Krishna , Kalpesh Krishna , Anhad Mohananey , Steven Schwarcz , Adam Stambler , Shyam Upadhyay , Manaal Faruqui

Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) is typically trained and evaluated on majority-voted labels, which simplifies benchmarking but masks subjectivity and provides little transparency into why predictions are made. This neglects valid minority…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-06 Bo-Hao Su , Hui-Ying Shih , Jinchuan Tian , Jiatong Shi , Chi-Chun Lee , Carlos Busso , Shinji Watanabe

Modern retrieval pipelines increasingly serve downstream consumers like retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and autonomous agents that need more than a scalar relevance score. A reranker that only tells the caller "how relevant" forces the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Dun Zhang

Generating high-quality stories spanning thousands of tokens requires competency across a variety of skills, from tracking plot and character arcs to keeping a consistent and engaging style. Due to the difficulty of sourcing labeled…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Alexander Gurung , Mirella Lapata

Large language models (LLMs) have generated significant attention since their inception, finding applications across various academic and industrial domains. However, these models often suffer from the "hallucination problem", where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Zikai Xie

Reviews contain rich information about product characteristics and user interests and thus are commonly used to boost recommender system performance. Specifically, previous work show that jointly learning to perform review generation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Zhouhang Xie , Julian McAuley , Bodhisattwa Prasad Majumder

Standard classification models often map inputs directly to labels without explicit reasoning, potentially limiting their performance, robustness, and interpretability. This paper introduces a novel two-stage approach to enhance text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Mads Henrichsen , Rasmus Krebs

Evaluating complex texts across domains requires converting user defined criteria into quantitative, explainable indicators, which is a persistent challenge in search and recommendation systems. Single prompt LLM evaluations suffer from…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Geonwoo Bang , Dongho Kim , Moohong Min

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong capabilities in document re-ranking, a key component in modern Information Retrieval (IR) systems. However, existing LLM-based approaches face notable limitations, including ranking…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Pinhuan Wang , Zhiqiu Xia , Chunhua Liao , Feiyi Wang , Hang Liu

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs), such as LLaMA and ChatGPT, has opened new opportunities for enhancing recommender systems through improved explainability. This paper provides a systematic literature review focused on leveraging…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Alan Said