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Despite the central role of action in embodied intelligence, learning transferable action representations from visual transitions remains a fundamental challenge, particularly when world models must generalize across embodiments under…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hongjia Liu , Fan Feng , Minghao Fu , Xinyue Wang , Haofei Lu , Biwei Huang

Latent actions learned from diverse human videos serve as pseudo-labels for vision-language-action (VLA) pretraining, but provide effective supervision only if they remain informative about the underlying ground-truth actions. For effective…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jung Min Lee , Dohyeok Lee , Seokhun Ju , Taehyun Cho , Jin Woo Koo , Li Zhao , Sangwoo Hong , Jungwoo Lee

Inspired by how humans combine direct interaction with action-free experience (e.g., videos), we study world models that learn from heterogeneous data. Standard world models typically rely on action-conditioned trajectories, which limits…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Marvin Alles , Xingyuan Zhang , Patrick van der Smagt , Philip Becker-Ehmck

We introduce Compositional Imitation Learning and Execution (CompILE): a framework for learning reusable, variable-length segments of hierarchically-structured behavior from demonstration data. CompILE uses a novel unsupervised,…

Semi-supervised action recognition aims to improve spatio-temporal reasoning ability with a few labeled data in conjunction with a large amount of unlabeled data. Albeit recent advancements, existing powerful methods are still prone to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Yu Wang , Sanping Zhou , Kun Xia , Le Wang

We propose a general purpose active learning algorithm for structured prediction, gathering labeled data for training a model that outputs a set of related labels for an image or video. Active learning starts with a limited initial training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-16 Mehran Khodabandeh , Zhiwei Deng , Mostafa S. Ibrahim , Shinichi Satoh , Greg Mori

Language-guided human motion synthesis has been a challenging task due to the inherent complexity and diversity of human behaviors. Previous methods face limitations in generalization to novel actions, often resulting in unrealistic or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Yuanhao Zhai , Mingzhen Huang , Tianyu Luan , Lu Dong , Ifeoma Nwogu , Siwei Lyu , David Doermann , Junsong Yuan

Latent Action Models (LAMs) have rapidly gained traction as an important component in the pre-training pipelines of leading Vision-Language-Action models. However, they fail when observations contain action-correlated distractors, often…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have gained popularity for learning robotic manipulation tasks that follow language instructions. State-of-the-art VLAs, such as OpenVLA and $\pi_{0}$, were trained on large-scale, manually labeled action…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Bahey Tharwat , Yara Nasser , Ali Abouzeid , Ian Reid

In recent years multi-label, multi-class video action recognition has gained significant popularity. While reasoning over temporally connected atomic actions is mundane for intelligent species, standard artificial neural networks (ANN)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Akash Singh , Tom De Schepper , Kevin Mets , Peter Hellinckx , Jose Oramas , Steven Latre

This paper aims at recognizing partially observed human actions in videos. Action videos acquired in uncontrolled environments often contain corrupt frames, which make actions partially observed. Furthermore, these frames can last for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-06 Shih-Yao Lin , Yen-Yu Lin , Chu-Song Chen , Yi-Ping Hung

Pre-training large models on vast amounts of web data has proven to be an effective approach for obtaining powerful, general models in domains such as language and vision. However, this paradigm has not yet taken hold in reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Dominik Schmidt , Minqi Jiang

Vision-language models (VLMs) are capable of recognizing unseen actions. However, existing VLMs lack intrinsic understanding of procedural action concepts. Hence, they overfit to fixed labels and are not invariant to unseen action synonyms.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Reza Ghoddoosian , Nakul Agarwal , Isht Dwivedi , Behzad Darisuh

Agents capable of reasoning and planning in the real world require the ability of predicting the consequences of their actions. While world models possess this capability, they most often require action labels, that can be complex to obtain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Quentin Garrido , Tushar Nagarajan , Basile Terver , Nicolas Ballas , Yann LeCun , Michael Rabbat

Video-Action Models (VAMs) have emerged as a promising framework for embodied intelligence, learning implicit world dynamics from raw video streams to produce temporally consistent action predictions. Although such models demonstrate strong…

We present a general framework for compositional action recognition -- i.e. action recognition where the labels are composed out of simpler components such as subjects, atomic-actions and objects. The main challenge in compositional action…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Tae Soo Kim , Gregory D. Hager

Humans have the natural ability to recognize actions even if the objects involved in the action or the background are changed. Humans can abstract away the action from the appearance of the objects which is referred to as compositionality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Ramanathan Rajendiran , Debaditya Roy , Basura Fernando

Action in video usually involves the interaction of human with objects. Action labels are typically composed of various combinations of verbs and nouns, but we may not have training data for all possible combinations. In this paper, we aim…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Zhekun Luo , Shalini Ghosh , Devin Guillory , Keizo Kato , Trevor Darrell , Huijuan Xu

Systematic compositionality is an essential mechanism in human language, allowing the recombination of known parts to create novel expressions. However, existing neural models have been shown to lack this basic ability in learning symbolic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Yichen Jiang , Mohit Bansal

End-to-end Transformers have demonstrated an impressive success rate for Embodied Instruction Following when the environment has been seen in training. However, they tend to struggle when deployed in an unseen environment. This lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Cheng-Fu Yang , Yen-Chun Chen , Jianwei Yang , Xiyang Dai , Lu Yuan , Yu-Chiang Frank Wang , Kai-Wei Chang