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Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) plays a crucial role in modern surveillance systems, aiming to identify various anomalies in real-world situations. However, current benchmark datasets predominantly emphasize simple, single-frame anomalies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Yoav Arad , Michael Werman

Understanding long-form video content presents significant challenges due to its temporal complexity and the substantial computational resources required. In this work, we propose an agent-based approach to enhance both the efficiency and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Sullam Jeoung , Goeric Huybrechts , Bhavana Ganesh , Aram Galstyan , Sravan Bodapati

Benefiting from generalizability of vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP, many zero-/few-shot anomaly detection (AD) approaches have achieved impressive detection performance across various datasets. Nevertheless, they require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yi Zhang , Jiawen Zhu , Lele Fu , Guansong Pang

Large vision-language models (VLMs) have advanced multimodal tasks such as video question answering (QA). However, VLMs face the challenge of selecting frames effectively and efficiently, as standard uniform sampling is expensive and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Martin Q. Ma , Willis Guo , Aditya Agrawal , Ankit Gupta , Paul Pu Liang , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Louis-Philippe Morency

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) often yield inconsistent descriptions of the same object across viewpoints, hindering the ability of embodied agents to construct consistent semantic representations over time. Previous methods resolved…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Tommaso Galliena , Stefano Rosa , Tommaso Apicella , Pietro Morerio , Alessio Del Bue , Lorenzo Natale

Prompting has emerged as a practical way to adapt frozen vision-language models (VLMs) for video anomaly detection (VAD). Yet, existing prompts are often overly abstract, overlooking the fine-grained human-object interactions or action…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Shu Zou , Xinyu Tian , Lukas Wesemann , Fabian Waschkowski , Zhaoyuan Yang , Jing Zhang

Detecting visual anomalies in diverse, multi-class real-world images is a significant challenge. We introduce \ours, a novel unsupervised multi-class visual anomaly detection framework. It integrates a Latent Diffusion Model (LDM) with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Samet Hicsonmez , Abd El Rahman Shabayek , Djamila Aouada

The widespread use of cameras in our society has created an overwhelming amount of video data, far exceeding the capacity for human monitoring. This presents a critical challenge for public safety and security, as the timely detection of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Pascal Benschop , Cristian Meo , Justin Dauwels , Jelte P. Mense

Video anomaly detection (VAD) aims to discover behaviors or events deviating from the normality in videos. As a long-standing task in the field of computer vision, VAD has witnessed much good progress. In the era of deep learning, with the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Peng Wu , Chengyu Pan , Yuting Yan , Guansong Pang , Peng Wang , Yanning Zhang

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) is critical for surveillance and public safety. However, existing benchmarks are limited to either frame-level or video-level tasks, restricting a holistic view of model generalization. This work first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Seoik Jung , Taekyung Song , Joshua Jordan Daniel , JinYoung Lee , SungJun Lee

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) serves as a pivotal technology in the intelligent surveillance systems, enabling the temporal or spatial identification of anomalous events within videos. While existing reviews predominantly concentrate on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Yang Liu , Dingkang Yang , Yan Wang , Jing Liu , Jun Liu , Azzedine Boukerche , Peng Sun , Liang Song

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive general competence in video understanding, yet their reliability for real-world Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) remains largely unexplored. Unlike conventional pipelines…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Shanle Yao , Armin Danesh Pazho , Narges Rashvand , Hamed Tabkhi

Recent advancements in open-source Visual Language Models (VLMs) such as LLaVA, Qwen-VL, and Llama have catalyzed extensive research on their integration with diverse systems. The internet-scale general knowledge encapsulated within these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Cristian Gariboldi , Hayato Tokida , Ken Kinjo , Yuki Asada , Alexander Carballo

Open Set Video Anomaly Detection (OpenVAD) aims to identify abnormal events from video data where both known anomalies and novel ones exist in testing. Unsupervised models learned solely from normal videos are applicable to any testing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Yuansheng Zhu , Wentao Bao , Qi Yu

Video text-based visual question answering (Video TextVQA) aims to answer questions by reasoning over visual textual content appearing in videos. Despite the strong multimodal video understanding capabilities of recent Video-LLMs, their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Haibin He , Maoyuan Ye , Jing Zhang , Juhua Liu , Bo Du

Recent advancements in Video Question Answering (VideoQA) have introduced LLM-based agents, modular frameworks, and procedural solutions, yielding promising results. These systems use dynamic agents and memory-based mechanisms to break down…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Tony Montes , Fernando Lozano

Anomaly detection and localization in visual data, including images and videos, are crucial in machine learning and real-world applications. Despite rapid advancements in visual anomaly detection (VAD), interpreting these often black-box…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yizhou Wang , Dongliang Guo , Sheng Li , Octavia Camps , Yun Fu

Video anomaly detection (VAD) is an important but challenging task in computer vision. The main challenge rises due to the rarity of training samples to model all anomaly cases. Hence, semi-supervised anomaly detection methods have gotten…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Mohammad Baradaran , Robert Bergevin

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) and Multi-Modal Language models (MMLMs) have become prominent in autonomous driving research, as these models can provide interpretable textual reasoning and responses for end-to-end autonomous driving safety…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Akshay Gopalkrishnan , Ross Greer , Mohan Trivedi

The development of unsupervised Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) relies on technologies in the field of signal processing. Since the anomaly is quite ambiguous and unbounded, different detection demands may often be raised even in one…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Kai Cheng , Xinzhe Li , Lijuan Che