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We extend the finite element interpolated neural network (FEINN) framework from partial differential equations (PDEs) with weak solutions in $H^1$ to PDEs with weak solutions in $H(\textbf{curl})$ or $H(\textbf{div})$. To this end, we…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-17 Santiago Badia , Wei Li , Alberto F. Martín

By the introduction of a generalized Evans function defined by an appropriate 2-modified Fredholm determinant, we give a simple proof of convergence in location and multiplicity of Hill's method for numerical approximation of spectra of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2010-09-21 Mathew A. Johnson , Kevin Zumbrun

Learning solution operators of partial differential equations (PDEs) from data has emerged as a promising route to fast surrogate models in multi-query scientific workflows. However, for geometric PDEs whose inputs and outputs transform…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Pengcheng Cheng

Neural operators have emerged as powerful surrogates for the solution of partial differential equations (PDEs), yet their ability to handle general, highly variable boundary conditions (BCs) remains limited. Existing approaches often fail…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Sepehr Mousavi , Siddhartha Mishra , Laura De Lorenzis

Neural operators have emerged as a powerful tool for learning mappings between infinite-dimensional function spaces. However, their approximation properties in Sobolev norms remain poorly quantified, even though these norms control both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Nicole Hao

We extend the relative index theorem on non-compact manifolds to encompass a wide variety of hypoelliptic differential operators of arbitrary order, demonstrating that the change in index when changing a differential operator locally can be…

K-Theory and Homology · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Magnus Fries

Traditional approaches to stabilizing hyperbolic PDEs, such as PDE backstepping, often encounter challenges when dealing with high-dimensional or complex nonlinear problems. Their solutions require high computational and analytical costs.…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-11-08 Xianhe Zhang , Yu Xiao , Xiaodong Xu , Biao Luo

The computational efficiency of many neural operators, widely used for learning solutions of PDEs, relies on the fast Fourier transform (FFT) for performing spectral computations. As the FFT is limited to equispaced (rectangular) grids,…

Neural operators learn mappings from function-dependent inputs to solutions, providing an effective framework for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). For time-dependent PDEs, existing methods typically perform long-horizon…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jiaquan Zhang , Caiyan Qin , Haoyu Bian , Libin Cai , Yi Lu , Chaoning Zhang , Wei Dong , Yuanfang Guo , Yang Yang , Hen Tao Shen

When neural networks (NNs) are used as a type of nonlinear parametric representation to solve partial differential equations (PDEs), they often display frequency-dependent learning dynamics that can differ from those seen in direct function…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Roy Y. He , Ying Liang , Hongkai Zhao , Yimin Zhong

We develop compositional learning algorithms for coupled dynamical systems, with a particular focus on electrical networks. While deep learning has proven effective at modeling complex relationships from data, compositional couplings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Cyrus Neary , Nathan Tsao , Ufuk Topcu

A recursion operator is an integro-differential operator which maps a generalized symmetry of a nonlinear PDE to a new symmetry. Therefore, the existence of a recursion operator guarantees that the PDE has infinitely many higher-order…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2013-01-08 D. E. Baldwin , W. Hereman

We provide a representation of the $C^*$-algebra generated by multidimensional integral operators with piecewise constant kernels and discrete ergodic operators. This representation allows us to find the spectrum and to construct the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-05-22 Anton A. Kutsenko

Deep learning surrogate models have shown promise in solving partial differential equations (PDEs). Among them, the Fourier neural operator (FNO) achieves good accuracy, and is significantly faster compared to numerical solvers, on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Zongyi Li , Daniel Zhengyu Huang , Burigede Liu , Anima Anandkumar

Neural operators are becoming the default tools to learn solutions to governing partial differential equations (PDEs) in weather and ocean forecasting applications. Despite early promising achievements, significant challenges remain,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Vahidreza Jahanmard , Ali Ramezani-Kebrya , Robinson Hordoir

A wide range of scientific problems, such as those described by continuous-time dynamical systems and partial differential equations (PDEs), are naturally formulated on function spaces. While function spaces are typically…

Solving partial differential equations (PDEs) is a required step in the simulation of natural and engineering systems. The associated computational costs significantly increase when exploring various scenarios, such as changes in initial or…

The Evans function is a well known tool for locating spectra of differential operators in one spatial dimension. In this paper we construct a multidimensional analogue as the modified Fredholm determinant of a ratio of Dirichlet-to-Robin…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2022-06-16 Graham Cox , Yuri Latushkin , Alim Sukhtayev

We construct a Hilbert scale on $L^2([0,1])$ via a unitary twist operator that maps the standard Fourier basis to half-integer frequency exponentials. The resulting weighted spaces, equipped with norms indexed by $(1+|k+\tfrac{1}{2}|^2)^s$,…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-19 Anik Chakraborty , Varinder Kumar

We show that MFDEs with infinite range discrete and/or continuous interactions admit exponential dichotomies, building on the Fredholm theory developed by Faye and Scheel for such systems. For the half line, we refine the earlier approach…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-01-31 Willem M. Schouten-Straatman , Hermen Jan Hupkes