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Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) helps large language models (LLMs) answer knowledge-intensive and time-sensitive questions by conditioning generation on external evidence. However, most RAG systems still retrieve unstructured chunks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Jiashuo Sun , Yixuan Xie , Jimeng Shi , Shaowen Wang , Jiawei Han

Large language models (LLMs) have raised concerns about potential security threats despite performing significantly in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Backdoor attacks initially verified that LLM is doing substantial harm at all stages,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Pengzhou Cheng , Yidong Ding , Tianjie Ju , Zongru Wu , Wei Du , Ping Yi , Zhuosheng Zhang , Gongshen Liu

As cyber threats continue to grow in complexity, traditional security mechanisms struggle to keep up. Large language models (LLMs) offer significant potential in cybersecurity due to their advanced capabilities in text processing and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Tiago Dinis , Miguel Correia , Roger Tavares

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enables large language models (LLMs) to access external knowledge, helping mitigate hallucinations and enhance domain-specific expertise. Graph-based RAG enhances structural reasoning by introducing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Linxiao Cao , Ruitao Wang , Jindong Li , Zhipeng Zhou , Menglin Yang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has proven effective in mitigating hallucinations in large language models by incorporating external knowledge during inference. However, this integration introduces new security vulnerabilities,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Baolei Zhang , Haoran Xin , Jiatong Li , Dongzhe Zhang , Minghong Fang , Zhuqing Liu , Lihai Nie , Zheli Liu

Despite the remarkable progress of Large Language Models (LLMs), their performance in question answering (QA) remains limited by the lack of domain-specific and up-to-date knowledge. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) addresses this…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yaodong Su , Yixiang Fang , Yingli Zhou , Quanqing Xu , Chuanhui Yang

Current general-purpose large language models (LLMs) commonly exhibit knowledge hallucination and insufficient domain-specific adaptability in domain-specific tasks, limiting their effectiveness in specialized question answering scenarios.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Mengzheng Yang , Yanfei Ren , David Osei Opoku , Ruochang Li , Peng Ren , Chunxiao Xing

Large Language Models (LLMs) may suffer from hallucinations in real-world applications due to the lack of relevant knowledge. In contrast, knowledge graphs encompass extensive, multi-relational structures that store a vast array of symbolic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Jie Ma , Zhitao Gao , Qi Chai , Wangchun Sun , Pinghui Wang , Hongbin Pei , Jing Tao , Lingyun Song , Jun Liu , Chen Zhang , Lizhen Cui

Graph-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has proven effective in integrating external knowledge into large language models (LLMs), improving their factual accuracy, adaptability, interpretability, and trustworthiness. A number of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yingli Zhou , Yaodong Su , Youran Sun , Shu Wang , Taotao Wang , Runyuan He , Yongwei Zhang , Sicong Liang , Xilin Liu , Yuchi Ma , Yixiang Fang

Large language models (LLMs) struggle with the factual error during inference due to the lack of sufficient training data and the most updated knowledge, leading to the hallucination problem. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has gained…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Zulun Zhu , Tiancheng Huang , Kai Wang , Junda Ye , Xinghe Chen , Siqiang Luo

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) frameworks improve the accuracy of large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge from retrieved documents, thereby overcoming the limitations of models' static intrinsic knowledge.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Jingjie Zheng , Aryo Pradipta Gema , Giwon Hong , Xuanli He , Pasquale Minervini , Youcheng Sun , Qiongkai Xu

In-context learning (ICL) and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) have gained attention for their ability to enhance LLMs' reasoning by incorporating external knowledge but suffer from limited contextual window size, leading to…

This study aims to optimize the existing retrieval-augmented generation model (RAG) by introducing a graph structure to improve the performance of the model in dealing with complex knowledge reasoning tasks. The traditional RAG model has…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Yuxin Dong , Shuo Wang , Hongye Zheng , Jiajing Chen , Zhenhong Zhang , Chihang Wang

Graph-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (GraphRAG) has become the important paradigm for enhancing Large Language Models (LLMs) with external knowledge. However, existing approaches are constrained by their reliance on high-quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Xiaojun Wu , Cehao Yang , Xueyuan Lin , Chengjin Xu , Xuhui Jiang , Yuanliang Sun , Hui Xiong , Jia Li , Jian Guo

Large language models (LLMs) excel at complex reasoning but remain limited by static and incomplete parametric knowledge. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) mitigates this by incorporating external knowledge, yet existing RAGs struggle…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) by retrieving relevant documents from external corpora before generating responses. This approach significantly expands LLM capabilities by leveraging vast,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Haowei Wang , Rupeng Zhang , Junjie Wang , Mingyang Li , Yuekai Huang , Dandan Wang , Qing Wang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a dominant paradigm for mitigating hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge. Nevertheless, effectively integrating and interpreting key evidence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Zhenghao Liu , Mingyan Wu , Xinze Li , Yukun Yan , Shuo Wang , Cheng Yang , Minghe Yu , Zheni Zeng , Maosong Sun

Graph-based retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) methods, typically built on knowledge graphs (KGs) with binary relational facts, have shown promise in multi-hop open-domain QA. However, their rigid retrieval schemes and dense similarity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Wen-Sheng Lien , Yu-Kai Chan , Hao-Lung Hsiao , Bo-Kai Ruan , Meng-Fen Chiang , Chien-An Chen , Yi-Ren Yeh , Hong-Han Shuai

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has been shown to enhance the factual accuracy of Large Language Models (LLMs), but existing methods often suffer from limited reasoning capabilities in effectively using the retrieved evidence,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Shayekh Bin Islam , Md Asib Rahman , K S M Tozammel Hossain , Enamul Hoque , Shafiq Joty , Md Rizwan Parvez

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances language models by grounding responses in external information, yet explainability remains a critical challenge, particularly when retrieval relies on unstructured text. Knowledge graphs (KGs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Georgios Balanos , Evangelos Chasanis , Konstantinos Skianis , Evaggelia Pitoura