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Hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a critical barrier to their reliable deployment, a vulnerability heavily exacerbated in non-English and resource-constrained contexts. Existing detection approaches that rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Riasad Alvi , Nurul Labib Sayeedi , Md. Faiyaz Abdullah Sayeedi

The detection of sophisticated hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) is hampered by a ``Detection Dilemma'': methods probing internal states (Internal State Probing) excel at identifying factual inconsistencies but fail on logical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Yusheng Song , Lirong Qiu , Xi Zhang , Zhihao Tang

Hallucinations in large language models (LLMs) pose significant safety concerns that impede their broader deployment. Recent research in hallucination detection has demonstrated that LLMs' internal representations contain truthfulness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Mengjia Niu , Hamed Haddadi , Guansong Pang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have succeeded in a variety of natural language processing tasks [Zha+25]. However, they have notable limitations. LLMs tend to generate hallucinations, a seemingly plausible yet factually unsupported output…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Martin Preiß

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in safety-critical domains, yet remain susceptible to hallucinations. While prior works have proposed confidence representation methods for hallucination detection, most of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Elyes Hajji , Aymen Bouguerra , Fabio Arnez

Hallucinations in large language models (LLMs) refer to the phenomenon of LLMs producing responses that are coherent yet factually inaccurate. This issue undermines the effectiveness of LLMs in practical applications, necessitating research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Weihang Su , Changyue Wang , Qingyao Ai , Yiran HU , Zhijing Wu , Yujia Zhou , Yiqun Liu

Contemporary Language Models (LMs), while impressively fluent, often generate content that is factually incorrect or unfaithful to the input context - a critical issue commonly referred to as 'hallucination'. This tendency of LMs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Anwoy Chatterjee , Yash Goel , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Detecting hallucinations in large language models (LLMs) remains a fundamental challenge for their trustworthy deployment. Going beyond basic uncertainty-driven hallucination detection frameworks, we propose a simple yet powerful method…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Rui Wang , Zeming Wei , Guanzhang Yue , Meng Sun

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have recently achieved impressive results in multimodal tasks such as image captioning and visual question answering. However, they remain prone to object hallucination -- generating descriptions of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Jinlin Li , Yuran Wang , Yifei Yuan , Xiao Zhou , Yingying Zhang , Xixian Yong , Yefeng Zheng , Xian Wu

This work introduces a novel methodology for the automatic detection of hallucinations generated during large language model (LLM) inference. The proposed approach is based on a systematic taxonomy and controlled reproduction of diverse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Maksym Zavhorodnii , Dmytro Dehtiarov , Anna Konovalenko

Recent work has demonstrated state-of-the-art results in large language model (LLM) hallucination detection and mitigation through consistency-based approaches which involve aggregating multiple responses sampled from a single LLM for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Demian Till , John Smeaton , Peter Haubrick , Gouse Saheb , Florian Graef , David Berman

The rapid development of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) has significantly advanced multimodal understanding by harnessing the language abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) and integrating modality-specific encoders. However, LMMs are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Anirudh Phukan , Divyansh , Harshit Kumar Morj , Vaishnavi , Apoorv Saxena , Koustava Goswami

Large Language Models (LLMs) are prone to generating plausible yet incorrect responses, known as hallucinations. Effectively detecting hallucinations is therefore crucial for the safe deployment of LLMs. Recent research has linked…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Litian Liu , Reza Pourreza , Sunny Panchal , Apratim Bhattacharyya , Yubing Jian , Yao Qin , Roland Memisevic

Visual hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs), where the model generates responses that are inconsistent with the visual input, pose a significant challenge to their reliability, particularly in contexts where precise and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Nokimul Hasan Arif , Shadman Rabby , Md Hefzul Hossain Papon , Sabbir Ahmed

Vision-language models (VLMs) have great potential for medical image understanding, particularly in Visual Report Generation (VRG) and Visual Question Answering (VQA), but they may generate hallucinated responses that contradict visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Zehui Liao , Shishuai Hu , Ke Zou , Mengyuan Jin , Yanning Zhang , Huazhu Fu , Liangli Zhen , Yong Xia

Instruction tuned Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have significantly advanced in generalizing across a diverse set of multi-modal tasks, especially for Visual Question Answering (VQA). However, generating detailed responses that are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Anisha Gunjal , Jihan Yin , Erhan Bas

Vision-language models (VLMs) enable open-ended visual question answering but remain prone to hallucinations. We present HEDGE, a unified framework for hallucination detection that combines controlled visual perturbations, semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Sushant Gautam , Michael A. Riegler , Pål Halvorsen

Uncertainty estimation is a necessary component when implementing AI in high-risk settings, such as autonomous cars, medicine, or insurances. Large Language Models (LLMs) have seen a surge in popularity in recent years, but they are subject…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Gabriel Y. Arteaga , Thomas B. Schön , Nicolas Pielawski

Hallucinated translations pose significant threats and safety concerns when it comes to the practical deployment of machine translation systems. Previous research works have identified that detectors exhibit complementary performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Anas Himmi , Guillaume Staerman , Marine Picot , Pierre Colombo , Nuno M. Guerreiro

Hallucinations remain a persistent challenge for vision-language models (VLMs), which often describe nonexistent objects or fabricate facts. Existing detection methods typically operate after text generation, making intervention both costly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Sai Akhil Kogilathota , Sripadha Vallabha E G , Luzhe Sun , Jiawei Zhou
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