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As an optical machine learning framework, Diffractive Deep Neural Networks (D2NN) take advantage of data-driven training methods used in deep learning to devise light-matter interaction in 3D for performing a desired statistical inference…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-08 Deniz Mengu , Yifan Zhao , Nezih T. Yardimci , Yair Rivenson , Mona Jarrahi , Aydogan Ozcan

Since its invention, holography has emerged as a powerful tool to fully reconstruct the wavefronts of light including all the fundamental properties (amplitude, phase, polarization, wave vector, and frequency). For exploring the full…

Pixel size in cameras and other refractive imaging devices is typically limited by the free-space diffraction. However, a vast majority of semiconductor-based detectors are based on materials with substantially high refractive index. We…

Optics · Physics 2018-03-28 Bo Fan , Sandeep Inampudi , Viktor A. Podolskiy

We propose a new system to visualize depth-dependent patterns and images on solid objects with complex geometry using multiple projectors. The system, despite consisting of conventional passive LCD projectors, is able to project different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-09-13 Takuto Hirukawa , Marco Visentini-Scarzanella , Hiroshi Kawasaki , Ryo Furukawa , Shinsaku Hiura

Convolutional neural networks are paramount in image and signal processing including the relevant classification and training tasks alike and constitute for the majority of machine learning compute demand today. With convolution operations…

When light propagates through a multimode optical fibre (MMF), the spatial information it carries is scrambled. Wavefront shaping can undo this scrambling, typically one spatial mode at a time - enabling deployment of MMFs as ultra-thin…

Diffractive neural network (DNN), which can perform machine learning tasks based on the light propagation and diffraction, has recently emerged as a promising optical computing paradigm due to its high parallel processing speed and low…

Optics · Physics 2026-01-27 Yudong Tian , Haifeng Xu , Yuqing Liu , Xiangyu Zhao , Jierong Cheng , Chongzhao Wu

Color centers in wide-bandgap semiconductors feature metastable charge states that can be interconverted with the help of optical excitation at select wavelengths. The distinct fluorescence and spin properties in each of these states have…

Optics · Physics 2024-02-20 Richard Monge , Tom Delord , Carlos A. Meriles

Nowadays, as the ever-increasing demand for more powerful computing resources continues, alternative advanced computing paradigms are under extensive investigation. Significant effort has been made to deviate from conventional Von Neumann…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Bernard J. Giron Castro , Christophe Peucheret , Darko Zibar , Francesco Da Ros

Among the promising advantages of photonic computing over conventional computing architectures is the potential to increase computing efficiency through massive parallelism by using the many degrees of freedom provided by photonics. Here,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Bernard J. Giron Castro , Christophe Peucheret , Darko Zibar , Francesco Da Ros

The rapid proliferation of AI-generated visual media has created an urgent need for efficient, trustworthy deepfake detection systems. However, existing deep learning-based detection methods rely on computationally intensive and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Parnian Ghapandar Kashani , Shiqi Chen , Aydogan Ozcan

Recent advances in meta-optics have enabled diverse functionalities in compact optical devices; however, conventional forward design approaches become inadequate as device complexity and scale grow. Inverse design offers a powerful…

We present Wideband Back-Projection Diffusion, an end-to-end probabilistic framework for approximating the posterior distribution induced by the inverse scattering map from wideband scattering data. This framework produces highly accurate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Borong Zhang , Martín Guerra , Qin Li , Leonardo Zepeda-Núñez

In this article, we report, for the first time, broadband multifunctional metasurfaces with more than four distinct functionalities. The constituent meta-atoms combine two different phase change materials, $\mathrm{VO_2}$ and…

Edge intelligence is constrained by the energy and latency costs of shuttling data through electronic memory hierarchies. Optical systems offer a fundamentally different computational regime: once an input wavefront is launched into a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Prakul Sunil Hiremath

We propose the inverse design of ultracompact, broadband focusing spectrometers based on adaptive deep diffractive neural networks (a-D$^2$NNs). Specifically, we introduce and characterize two-layer diffractive devices with engineered…

Optics · Physics 2022-12-14 Yilin Zhu , Yuyao Chen , Luca Dal Negro

We introduce a novel technique for designing color filter metasurfaces using a data-driven approach based on deep learning. Our innovative approach employs inverse design principles to identify highly efficient designs that outperform all…

Wavefront shaping enables targeted delivery of coherent light into random-scattering media, such as biological tissue, by constructive interference of scattered waves. However, broadband waves have short coherence times, weakening the…

We design, fabricate, and characterize multifunctional and compact diffractive microlenses with sub-wavelength thickness and the capability to simultaneously focus visible and near-infrared spectral bands at two different focal positions…

Optics · Physics 2020-04-22 Wesley A. Britton , Yuyao Chen , Fabrizio Sgrignuoli , Luca Dal Negro

Reconstructing transparent objects from a set of multi-view images is a challenging task due to the complicated nature and indeterminate behavior of light propagation. Typical methods are primarily tailored to specific scenarios, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Changpu Li , Shuang Wu , Songlin Tang , Guangming Lu , Jun Yu , Wenjie Pei