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Related papers: Applied Statistics Requires Scientific Context

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The use of statistical software in academia and enterprises has been evolving over the last years. More often than not, students, professors, workers, and users, in general, have all had, at some point, exposure to statistical software.…

Applications · Statistics 2019-08-21 Rui Portocarrero Sarmento , Vera Costa

Measurements play a crucial role in doing physics: Their results provide the basis on which we adopt or reject physical theories. In this note, we examine the effect of subjecting measurements themselves to our experience. We require that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-28 Arne Hansen , Stefan Wolf

We argue that the words "objectivity" and "subjectivity" in statistics discourse are used in a mostly unhelpful way, and we propose to replace each of them with broader collections of attributes, with objectivity replaced by transparency,…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2015-08-25 Andrew Gelman , Christian Hennig

This essay looks at decision-making with interval-valued probability measures. Existing decision methods have either supplemented expected utility methods with additional criteria of optimality, or have attempted to supplement the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-15 Ronald P. Loui

There are various approaches to the problem of how one is supposed to conduct a statistical analysis. Different analyses can lead to contradictory conclusions in some problems so this is not a satisfactory state of affairs. It seems that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-25 Michael Evans

The statistical models used to derive the results of experimental analyses are of incredible scientific value and are essential information for analysis preservation and reuse. In this paper, we make the scientific case for systematically…

Contextuality is central to both the foundations of quantum theory and to the novel information processing tasks. Although it was recognized before Bell's nonlocality, despite some recent proposals, it still faces a fundamental problem: how…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-02 A. Grudka , K. Horodecki , M. Horodecki , P. Horodecki , R. Horodecki , P. Joshi , W. Kłobus , A. Wójcik

For several decades, legal and scientific scholars have argued that conclusions from forensic examinations should be supported by statistical data and reported within a probabilistic framework. Multiple models have been proposed to quantify…

Applications · Statistics 2019-10-14 Cedric Neumann , Madeline A. Ausdemore

The concept of complexity appears in virtually all areas of knowledge. Its intuitive meaning shares similarities across fields, but disagreements between its details hinders a general definition, leading to a plethora of proposed…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-10-04 Roberto C. Alamino

Null hypothesis significance testing remains popular despite decades of concern about misuse and misinterpretation. We believe that much of the problem is due to language: significance testing has little to do with other meanings of the…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2018-10-16 Jonathan Dushoff , Morgan P. Kain , Benjamin M. Bolker

Statistical analysis is an important tool to distinguish systematic from chance findings. Current statistical analyses rely on distributional assumptions reflecting the structure of some underlying model, which if not met lead to problems…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-11-15 Orestis Loukas , Ho Ryun Chung

Statistics experiences a storm around the perceived misuse and possible abuse of its methods in the context of the so-called reproducibility crisis. The methods and styles of quantification practiced in mathematical modelling rarely make it…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-08-20 Andrea Saltelli

The standard assumptions that underlie many conceptual and quantitative frameworks do not hold for many complex physical, biological, and social systems. Complex systems science clarifies when and why such assumptions fail and provides…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-11-11 Alexander F. Siegenfeld , Yaneer Bar-Yam

Academic advances of AI models in high-precision domains, like healthcare, need to be made explainable in order to enhance real-world adoption. Our past studies and ongoing interactions indicate that medical experts can use AI systems with…

Multivariate meta-analysis of test accuracy studies when tests are evaluated in terms of sensitivity and specificity at more than one threshold represents an effective way to synthesize results by fully exploiting the data, if compared to…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-01-29 Annamaria Guolo , Duc Khanh To

This paper discusses different needs and approaches to establishing ``causation'' that are relevant in legal cases involving statistical input based on epidemiological (or more generally observational or population-based) information. We…

Methodology · Statistics 2009-09-29 K. Mengersen , S. A. Moynihan , R. L. Tweedie

The undergraduate curriculum in statistics and data science is undergoing changes to accommodate new methods, newly interested students, and the changing role of statistics in society. Because of this, it is more important than ever that…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2025-12-17 Lee Kennedy-Shaffer

The analysis of adverse events (AEs) is a key component in the assessment of a drug's safety profile. Inappropriate analysis methods may result in misleading conclusions about a therapy's safety and consequently its benefit-risk ratio. The…

Interest in problems of statistical inference connected to measurements of quantum systems has recently increased substantially, in step with dramatic new developments in experimental techniques for studying small quantum systems.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-09 O. E. Barndorff-Nielsen , R. D. Gill , P. E. Jupp

In the quest to align deep learning with the sciences to address calls for rigor, safety, and interpretability in machine learning systems, this contribution identifies key missing pieces: the stages of hypothesis formulation and testing,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Jessica Zosa Forde , Michela Paganini