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Dual-energy CT (DECT) has been increasingly used in imaging applications because of its capability for material differentiation. However, material decomposition suffers from magnified noise from two CT images of independent scans, leading…

Medical Physics · Physics 2019-06-19 Wenkun Zhang , Hanming Zhang , Linyuan Wang , Xiaohui Wang , Ailong Cai , Lei Li , Tianye Niu , Bin Yan

For many-electron systems, the second-order reduced density matrix (2-RDM) provides sufficient information for characterizing their properties of interests in physics and chemistry, ranging from total energy, magnetism, quantum correlation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-12 Yimin Li

Two-phase random textures abound in a host of contexts, porous and composite media, ecological structures, biological media and astrophysical structures. Questions surrounding the spatial structure of such textures continue to pose many…

Materials Science · Physics 2012-01-04 Yang Jiao , Sal Torquato , Frank H. Stillinger

Remarkable optical and electrical properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene and transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) monolayers, offer vast technological potential for novel and improved optoelectronic nanodevices,…

Optics · Physics 2016-07-22 Martin Weismann , Nicolae C. Panoiu

In this work, we present an application of Locally Interpretable Machine-Agnostic Explanations to 2-D chemical structures. Using this framework we are able to provide a structural interpretation for an existing black-box model for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-11-23 Leanne S. Whitmore , Anthe George , Corey M. Hudson

In this short paper, a neural network that is able to form a low dimensional topological hidden representation is explained. The neural network can be trained as an autoencoder, a classifier or mix of both, and produces different low…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Pitoyo Hartono

Understanding and predicting thermal transport in disordered materials remains a significant challenge due to the absence of periodicity and the complex nature of medium-range structural motifs. In this work, we investigate amorphous…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-16 Kosuke Yamazaki , Takuma Shiga , Kumpei Shiraishi , Emi Minamitani

While graphene oxide (GO) is representative of a disordered phase of oxocarbons with lackluster electronic properties, the coexistence of ordered, stoichiometric solid-state carbon oxides with graphene brings renewed momentum to the…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-01-23 N. Hassani , A. Movafegh-Ghadirli , Z. Mahdavifar , F. M. Peeters , M. Neek-Amal

The task of shape abstraction with semantic part consistency is challenging due to the complex geometries of natural objects. Recent methods learn to represent an object shape using a set of simple primitives to fit the target.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Di Liu , Long Zhao , Qilong Zhangli , Yunhe Gao , Ting Liu , Dimitris N. Metaxas

We introduce CAPRI-Net, a neural network for learning compact and interpretable implicit representations of 3D computer-aided design (CAD) models, in the form of adaptive primitive assemblies. Our network takes an input 3D shape that can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Fenggen Yu , Zhiqin Chen , Manyi Li , Aditya Sanghi , Hooman Shayani , Ali Mahdavi-Amiri , Hao Zhang

Generative models have achieved success in producing semantically plausible 2D images, but it remains challenging in 3D generation due to the absence of spatial geometry constraints. Typically, existing methods utilize geometric features as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Haonan Wang , Hanyu Zhou , Haoyue Liu , Tao Gu , Luxin Yan

While crystalline two-dimensional materials have become an experimental reality during the past few years, an amorphous 2-D material has not been reported before. Here, using electron irradiation we create an sp2-hybridized one-atom-thick…

Materials Science · Physics 2011-03-22 J. Kotakoski , A. V. Krasheninnikov , U. Kaiser , J. C. Meyer

Interfacial reconstruction between two-dimensional (2D) materials and metal substrates fundamentally governs heterostructure properties, yet conventional flat substrates fail to capture the continuous crystallographic landscape. Here, we…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-01 Li-Qun Shen , Hao-Jin Wang , Mengzhao Sun , Yang Xiang , Xin-Ning Tian , Yue Chai , Yue Yang , Feng Ding , Xiao Kong , Marc-Georg Willinger , Zhu-Jun Wang

We consider a family of structural descriptors for visual data, namely covariance descriptors (CovDs) that lie on a non-linear symmetric positive definite (SPD) manifold, a special type of Riemannian manifolds. We propose an improved…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-27 Kai-Xuan Chen , Xiao-Jun Wu , Jie-Yi Ren , Rui Wang , Josef Kittler

Unlike vision and language data which usually has a unique format, molecules can naturally be characterized using different chemical formulations. One can view a molecule as a 2D graph or define it as a collection of atoms located in a 3D…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Shengjie Luo , Tianlang Chen , Yixian Xu , Shuxin Zheng , Tie-Yan Liu , Liwei Wang , Di He

Topology is a central concept of mathematics, which allows us to distinguish two isolated rings with linked ones. In material science, researchers discovered topologically different carbon allotropes in a form of a cage, a tube, and a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-04-05 Shinichi Saito , Isao Tomita

Systematic relations between multiple objects that occur in various fields can be represented as networks. Real-world networks typically exhibit complex topologies whose structural properties are key factors in characterizing and further…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-04-09 Yoshihisa Tanaka , Ryosuke Kojima , Shoichi Ishida , Fumiyoshi Yamashita , Yasushi Okuno

Pulmonary diseases rank prominently among the principal causes of death worldwide. Curing them will require, among other things, a better understanding of the complex 3D tree-shaped structures within the pulmonary system, such as airways,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Kangxian Xie , Jiancheng Yang , Donglai Wei , Ziqiao Weng , Pascal Fua

Carbon nitride two-dimensional (2D) materials are among the most attractive class of nanomaterials, with wide range of application prospects. As a continuous progress, most recently, two novel carbon nitride 2D lattices of C3N5 and C3N4…

Partial Differential Equations are infinite dimensional encoded representations of physical processes. However, imbibing multiple observation data towards a coupled representation presents significant challenges. We present a fully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-09 Gurpreet Singh , Soumyajit Gupta , Matt Lease , Clint N. Dawson