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Generating diverse, interesting responses to chitchat conversations is a problem for neural conversational agents. This paper makes two substantial contributions to improving diversity in dialogue generation. First, we propose a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Katherine Stasaski , Marti A. Hearst

It has long been recognized that it is not enough for a Recommender System (RS) to provide recommendations based only on their relevance to users. Among many other criteria, the set of recommendations may need to be diverse. Diversity is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Diego Carraro , Derek Bridge

The recent explosion in the capabilities of large language models has led to a wave of interest in how best to prompt a model to perform a given task. While it may be tempting to simply choose a prompt based on average performance on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Thomas P. Zollo , Todd Morrill , Zhun Deng , Jake C. Snell , Toniann Pitassi , Richard Zemel

Neural networks are increasingly used to support decision-making. To verify their reliability and adaptability, researchers and practitioners have proposed a variety of tools and methods for tasks such as NN code verification, refactoring,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Nadia Daoudi , Jordi Cabot

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive capabilities across a wide range of tasks, yet the choice of which model to use often involves a trade-off between performance and cost. More powerful models, though effective, come with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Isaac Ong , Amjad Almahairi , Vincent Wu , Wei-Lin Chiang , Tianhao Wu , Joseph E. Gonzalez , M Waleed Kadous , Ion Stoica

Large language models (LLMs) are documented to struggle in settings that require complex reasoning. Nevertheless, instructing the model to break down the problem into smaller reasoning steps, or ensembling various generations through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Ranjita Naik , Varun Chandrasekaran , Mert Yuksekgonul , Hamid Palangi , Besmira Nushi

This paper presents research on enhancements to Large Language Models (LLMs) through the addition of diversity in its generated outputs. Our study introduces a configuration of multiple LLMs which demonstrates the diversities capable with a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Purva Prasad Gosavi , Vaishnavi Murlidhar Kulkarni , Alan F. Smeaton

Routing large language models (LLMs) is a new paradigm that uses a router to recommend the best LLM from a pool of candidates for a given input. In this paper, our comprehensive analysis with more than 8,500 LLMs reveals a novel model-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Zhongzhan Huang , Guoming Ling , Yupei Lin , Yandong Chen , Shanshan Zhong , Hefeng Wu , Liang Lin

In commonsense generation, given a set of input concepts, a model must generate a response that is not only commonsense bearing, but also capturing multiple diverse viewpoints. Numerous evaluation metrics based on form- and content-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Tianhui Zhang , Bei Peng , Danushka Bollegala

In large language models (LLM)-based recommendation systems (LLM-RSs), accurately predicting user preferences by leveraging the general knowledge of LLMs is possible without requiring extensive training data. By converting recommendation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Genki Kusano , Kosuke Akimoto , Kunihiro Takeoka

Large Language Models (LLMs), though shown to be effective in many applications, can vary significantly in their response quality. In this paper, we investigate this problem of prompt fairness: specifically, the phrasing of a prompt by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Meiyu Zhong , Noel Teku , Ravi Tandon

Diverse language model responses are crucial for creative generation, open-ended tasks, and self-improvement training. We show that common diversity metrics, and even reward models used for preference optimization, systematically bias…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Vijeta Deshpande , Debasmita Ghose , John D. Patterson , Roger Beaty , Anna Rumshisky

Language models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities on standard benchmarks, yet they struggle increasingly from mode collapse, the inability to generate diverse and novel outputs. Our work introduces NoveltyBench, a benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Yiming Zhang , Harshita Diddee , Susan Holm , Hanchen Liu , Xinyue Liu , Vinay Samuel , Barry Wang , Daphne Ippolito

Generating diverse responses from large language models (LLMs) is crucial for applications such as planning/search and synthetic data generation, where diversity provides distinct answers across generations. Prior approaches rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Justin Wong , Yury Orlovskiy , Michael Luo , Sanjit A. Seshia , Joseph E. Gonzalez

Large Language Model (LLM) routers dynamically select optimal models for given inputs. Existing approaches typically assume access to ground-truth labeled data, which is often unavailable in practice, especially when user request…

The reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have advanced rapidly, particularly following the release of DeepSeek R1, which has inspired a surge of research into data quality and reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Jian Yao , Ran Cheng , Xingyu Wu , Jibin Wu , Kay Chen Tan

Diversity is essential for language-model applications ranging from creative generation to scientific discovery, yet modern LLMs often collapse into a narrow subset of plausible outputs. While prior work has developed benchmarks for…

Generating diverse sequences is important in many NLP applications such as question generation or summarization that exhibit semantically one-to-many relationships between source and the target sequences. We present a method to explicitly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Jaemin Cho , Minjoon Seo , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

Do large language models (LLMs) anticipate when they will answer correctly? To study this, we extract activations after a question is read but before any tokens are generated, and train linear probes to predict whether the model's…

The rapid emergence of diverse large language models (LLMs) has spurred the development of LLM routers that assign user queries to the most suitable model. However, existing LLM routers typically perform a single-round, one-to-one mapping…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Haozhen Zhang , Tao Feng , Jiaxuan You