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Breaking waves generate a distribution of bubble sizes that evolves over time. Knowledge of how this distribution evolves is of practical importance for maritime and climate studies. The analytical framework developed in Part 1 examined how…
Results of the measurements of sound speed and attenuation in a bubbly medium are reported. Monodisperse bubble solutions are sonicated with broadband ultrasound pulses with pressure amplitudes ranging between 12.5-100 kPa. Fundamental…
Acoustic waves are dissipated when they pass through bubbly media. Dissipation by bubbles takes place through thermal damping (Td), radiation damping (Rd) and damping due to the friction of the liquid (Ld) and friction of the coating (Cd).…
We investigate the first sound of a normal dilute and ultracold two-component Fermi gas in a harmonic microtube, i.e. a cylinder with harmonic transverse radial confinement in the length-scale of microns. We show that the velocity of the…
We discuss a hydrodynamic obstruction to bubble wall acceleration during a cosmological first-order phase transition. The obstruction results from the heating of the plasma in the compression wave in front of the phase transition boundary.…
Gravitational wave production from bubble collisions was calculated in the early nineties using numerical simulations. In this paper, we present an alternative analytic estimate, relying on a different treatment of stochasticity. In our…
First order phase transitions (FOPTs) constitute an active area of contemporary research as a promising cosmological source of observable gravitational waves. The spacetime dynamics of the background scalar field undergoing the phase…
We survey systematically the general parametrisations of particle-physics models for a first-order phase transition in the early universe, including models with polynomial potentials both with and without barriers at zero temperature, and…
Gravitational waves (GWs) generated by a first-order phase transition at the electroweak scale are detectable by future space-based detectors like LISA. The lifetime of the resulting shock waves plays an important role in determining the…
Transition towards spatio-temporal chaos in one-dimensional interfacial patterns often involves two degrees of freedom: drift and out-of-phase oscillations of cells, respectively associated to parity breaking and vacillating-breathing…
We study the velocity of bubble walls in the electroweak phase transition. For several extensions of the Standard Model, we estimate the friction and calculate the wall velocity, taking into account the hydrodynamics. We find that…
Domain wall networks are two-dimensional topological defects generally predicted in many beyond standard model physics. In this Letter, we propose to solve the domain wall problem with the first-order phase transition. We numerically study…
The existence of only a few bubbles could drastically reduce the acoustic wave speed in a liquid. Wood's equation models the linear sound speed, while the speed of an ideal shock waves is derived as a function of the pressure ratio across…
We investigate the statistical properties, based on numerical simulations and analytical calculations, of a recently proposed stochastic model for the velocity field of an incompressible, homogeneous, isotropic and fully developed turbulent…
For a cosmological first-order phase transition in the early Universe, the associated stochastic gravitational wave background is usually dominated by sound waves from plasma fluid motions, which have been analytically modeled as a random…
We compute the dynamical prefactor in the nucleation rate of bubbles or droplets in first order phase transitions for the case where both viscous damping and thermal dissipation are significant. This result, which generalizes previous work…
The strongly coupled system like the quark-hadron transition (if it is of first order) is becoming an active play yard for the physics of cosmological first-order phase transitions. However, the traditional field theoretic approach to…
We investigate the energy growth and dissipation of wind-forced breaking waves at high wind speed using direct numerical simulations of the coupled air-water Navier-Stokes equations. A turbulent wind boundary layer drives the growth of a…
In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of the nucleating scalar field during the first-order phase transitions by incorporating one-loop corrections of classical fluctuations. We assume that a high-temperature expansion is valid\te…
We discuss the gravitational wave spectrum produced by first-order phase transitions seeded by domain wall networks. This setup is important for many two-step phase transitions as seen for example in the singlet extension of the standard…