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Fine-tuning pre-trained large language models (LLMs) with limited hardware presents challenges due to GPU memory constraints. Various distributed fine-tuning methods have been proposed to alleviate memory constraints on GPU. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Taeho Kim , Yanming Wang , Vatshank Chaturvedi , Lokesh Gupta , Seyeon Kim , Yongin Kwon , Sangtae Ha

Developing efficient GPU kernels can be difficult because of the complexity of GPU architectures and programming models. Existing performance tools only provide coarse-grained suggestions at the kernel level, if any. In this paper, we…

Performance · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Keren Zhou , Xiaozhu Meng , Ryuichi Sai , John Mellor-Crummey

GPUs have become indispensable in high-performance computing, machine learning, and many other domains. Efficiently utilizing the memory subsystem on GPUs is critical for maximizing computing power through massive parallelism. Analyzing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Yanbo Zhao , Jinku Cui , Zecheng Li , Shuyin Jiao , Xu Liu , Jiajia Li

Performance variability management is an active research area in high-performance computing (HPC). We focus on input/output (I/O) variability. To study the performance variability, computer scientists often use grid-based designs (GBDs) to…

Applications · Statistics 2022-01-25 Yueyao Wang , Li Xu , Yili Hong , Rong Pan , Tyler Chang , Thomas Lux , Jon Bernard , Layne Watson , Kirk Cameron

Power consumption is a critical consideration in high performance computing systems and it is becoming the limiting factor to build and operate Petascale and Exascale systems. When studying the power consumption of existing systems running…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2015-01-27 Radim Vavřík , Antoni Portero , Štěpán Kuchař , Martin Golasowski , Simone Libutti , Giuseppe Massari , William Fornaciari , Vít Vondrák

Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications, such as Large Language Models, are primarily driven and executed by Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). These GPU programs (kernels) consume substantial amounts of energy, yet software developers…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Saurabhsingh Rajput , Alexander Brandt , Vadim Elisseev , Tushar Sharma

Model selection in Gaussian processes scales prohibitively with the size of the training dataset, both in time and memory. While many approximations exist, all incur inevitable approximation error. Recent work accounts for this error in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jonathan Wenger , Kaiwen Wu , Philipp Hennig , Jacob R. Gardner , Geoff Pleiss , John P. Cunningham

GPUs are known to be power-hungry, and due to the boom in artificial intelligence, they are currently the major contributors to the high power demands of upcoming datacenters. Most GPU usage in these popular workloads consist of large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Theo Gregersen , Pratyush Patel , Esha Choukse

GPU (graphics processing unit) has been used for many data-intensive applications. Among them, deep learning systems are one of the most important consumer systems for GPU nowadays. As deep learning applications impose deeper and larger…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-03-18 Junzhe Zhang , Sai Ho Yeung , Yao Shu , Bingsheng He , Wei Wang

The rapid growth of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has introduced unprecedented computational demands, driving significant increases in the energy footprint of data centers. However, existing power consumption data is largely…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-09 Roberto Vercellino , Jared Willard , Gustavo Campos , Weslley da Silva Pereira , Olivia Hull , Matthew Selensky , Juliane Mueller

Characterizing compute kernel execution behavior on GPUs for efficient task scheduling is a non-trivial task. We address this with a simple model enabling portable and fast predictions among different GPUs using only hardware-independent…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Lorenz Braun , Sotirios Nikas , Chen Song , Vincent Heuveline , Holger Fröning

Analytical framework for predicting General Matrix Multiplication (GEMM) performance on modern GPUs, focusing on runtime, power consumption, and energy efficiency. Our study employs two approaches: a custom-implemented tiled matrix…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Xiaoteng , Liu , Pavly Halim

Deep learning researchers and practitioners usually leverage GPUs to help train their deep neural networks (DNNs) faster. However, choosing which GPU to use is challenging both because (i) there are many options, and (ii) users grapple with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Geoffrey X. Yu , Yubo Gao , Pavel Golikov , Gennady Pekhimenko

Large-language models (LLMs) are rapidly being applied to radiology, enabling automated image interpretation and report generation tasks. Their deployment in clinical practice requires both high diagnostic accuracy and low inference…

Tissues and Organs · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-11 Jyun-Ping Kao

GPUs are prevalent in modern computing systems at all scales. They consume a significant fraction of the energy in these systems. However, vendors do not publish the actual cost of the power/energy overhead of their internal…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-04 Yehia Arafa , Ammar ElWazir , Abdelrahman ElKanishy , Youssef Aly , Ayatelrahman Elsayed , Abdel-Hameed Badawy , Gopinath Chennupati , Stephan Eidenbenz , Nandakishore Santhi

This is the 1st part of the dissertation for my master degree and compares the power consumption using the default floating point (32bit) and Nvidia mixed precision (16bit and 32bit) while training a classification ML model. A custom PC…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Andrew Antonopoulos

We investigate the energy efficiency of a library designed for parallel computations with sparse matrices. The library leverages high-performance, energy-efficient Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) accelerators to enable large-scale scientific…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Massimo Bernaschi , Alessandro Celestini , Pasqua D'Ambra , Giorgio Richelli

Analyzing large-scale performance logs from GPU profilers often requires terabytes of memory and hours of runtime, even for basic summaries. These constraints prevent timely insight and hinder the integration of performance analytics into…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Ankur Lahiry , Ayush Pokharel , Seth Ockerman , Amal Gueroudji , Line Pouchard , Tanzima Z. Islam

New challenges in Astronomy and Astrophysics (AA) are urging the need for a large number of exceptionally computationally intensive simulations. "Exascale" (and beyond) computational facilities are mandatory to address the size of…

The rise of machine learning workload on smartphones has propelled GPUs into one of the most power-hungry components of modern smartphones and elevates the need for optimizing the GPU power draw by mobile apps. Optimizing the power…

Performance · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Pranab Dash , Y. Charlie Hu , Abhilash Jindal