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Document forgery poses a growing threat to legal, economic, and governmental processes, requiring increasingly sophisticated verification mechanisms. One approach involves the use of plausibility checks, rule-based procedures that assess…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Valentin Schmidberger , Manuel Eberhardinger , Setareh Maghsudi , Johannes Maucher

The security of code generated by large language models (LLMs) is a significant concern, as studies indicate that such code often contains vulnerabilities and lacks essential defensive programming constructs. This work focuses on examining…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Muhammad Usman Shahid , Chuadhry Mujeeb Ahmed , Rajiv Ranjan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly aided developers by generating or assisting in code writing, enhancing productivity across various tasks. While identifying incorrect code is often straightforward, detecting vulnerabilities…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Jinjun Peng , Leyi Cui , Kele Huang , Junfeng Yang , Baishakhi Ray

Timely detection of hardware vulnerabilities during the early design stage is critical for reducing remediation costs. Existing early detection techniques often require specialized security expertise, limiting their usability. Recent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Xiang Long , Yingjie Xia , Xiyuan Chen , Li Kuang

Today's security tools predominantly rely on predefined rules crafted by experts, making them poorly adapted to the emergence of software supply chain attacks. To tackle this limitation, we propose a novel tool, RuleLLM, which leverages…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-25 XiangRui Zhang , HaoYu Chen , Yongzhong He , Wenjia Niu , Qiang Li

Weaknesses in computer systems such as faults, bugs and errors in the architecture, design or implementation of software provide vulnerabilities that can be exploited by attackers to compromise the security of a system. Common Weakness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Siddhartha Shankar Das , Edoardo Serra , Mahantesh Halappanavar , Alex Pothen , Ehab Al-Shaer

The increasing complexity and volume of software systems have heightened the importance of identifying and mitigating security vulnerabilities. The existing software vulnerability datasets frequently fall short in providing comprehensive,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Murtuza Shahzad , Joseph Wilson , Ibrahim Al Azher , Hamed Alhoori , Mona Rahimi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown significant improvement in RTL code generation. Despite the advances, the generated code is often riddled with common vulnerabilities and weaknesses (CWEs) that can slip by untrained eyes. Attackers…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Prithwish Basu Roy , Zeng Wang , Anatolii Chuvashlov , Weihua Xiao , Johann Knechtel , Ozgur Sinanoglu , Ramesh Karri

High-quality datasets of real-world vulnerabilities and their corresponding verifiable exploits are crucial resources in software security research. Yet such resources remain scarce, as their creation demands intensive manual effort and…

Current hardware security verification processes predominantly rely on manual threat modeling and test plan generation, which are labor-intensive, error-prone, and struggle to scale with increasing design complexity and evolving attack…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Dipayan Saha , Hasan Al Shaikh , Shams Tarek , Farimah Farahmandi

Large Language Models (LLMs) are essential for analyzing and addressing vulnerabilities in cybersecurity. However, among over 200,000 vulnerabilities were discovered in the past decade, more than 30,000 have been changed or updated. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Ziyin Zhou , Jianyi Zhang , Xu ji , Yilong Li , Jiameng Han , Zhangchi Zhao

In cybersecurity, security analysts constantly face the challenge of mitigating newly discovered vulnerabilities in real-time, with over 300,000 vulnerabilities identified since 1999. The sheer volume of known vulnerabilities complicates…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Reza Fayyazi , Stella Hoyos Trueba , Michael Zuzak , Shanchieh Jay Yang

Despite recent advances, Large Language Models (LLMs) still generate vulnerable code. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has the potential to enhance LLMs for secure code generation by incorporating external security knowledge. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jiahao Shi , Tianyi Zhang

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) presents new opportunities for automated software vulnerability detection, a crucial task in securing modern codebases. This paper presents a comparative study on the effectiveness of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Md Hasan Saju , Maher Muhtadi , Akramul Azim

Common Vulnerability and Exposure (CVE) records are fundamental to cybersecurity, offering unique identifiers for publicly known software and system vulnerabilities. Each CVE is typically assigned a Common Vulnerability Scoring System…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Francesco Marchiori , Denis Donadel , Mauro Conti

The increasing prevalence of software vulnerabilities highlights the need for effective Automatic Vulnerability Repair (AVR) tools. While LLM-based approaches are promising, they struggle to incorporate structured security knowledge from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Jia Li , Zhuangbin Chen , Yuxin Su , Michael R. Lyu

Identifying vulnerabilities in source code is crucial, especially in critical software components. Existing methods such as static analysis, dynamic analysis, formal verification, and recently Large Language Models are widely used to detect…

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have brought remarkable progress in code understanding and reasoning, creating new opportunities and raising new concerns for software security. Among many downstream tasks, generating…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Mengyao Zhao , Kaixuan Li , Lyuye Zhang , Wenjing Dang , Chenggong Ding , Sen Chen , Zheli Liu

Researchers have proposed numerous methods to detect vulnerabilities in JavaScript, especially those assisted by Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the actual capability of LLMs in JavaScript vulnerability detection remains…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Qingyuan Fei , Xin Liu , Song Li , Shujiang Wu , Jianwei Hou , Ping Chen , Zifeng Kang

Large language models (LLMs) have brought significant advancements to code generation, benefiting both novice and experienced developers. However, their training using unsanitized data from open-source repositories, like GitHub, introduces…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Jiexin Wang , Liuwen Cao , Xitong Luo , Zhiping Zhou , Jiayuan Xie , Adam Jatowt , Yi Cai