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Bilevel optimization has recently attracted growing interests due to its wide applications in modern machine learning problems. Although recent studies have characterized the convergence rate for several such popular algorithms, it is still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Kaiyi Ji , Yingbin Liang

In this paper we study a class of unconstrained and constrained bilevel optimization problems in which the lower level is a possibly nonsmooth convex optimization problem, while the upper level is a possibly nonconvex optimization problem.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-08 Zhaosong Lu , Sanyou Mei

We consider a bilevel learning framework for learning linear operators. In this framework, the learnable parameters are optimized via a loss function that also depends on the minimizer of a convex optimization problem (denoted lower-level…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Lea Bogensperger , Matthias J. Ehrhardt , Thomas Pock , Mohammad Sadegh Salehi , Hok Shing Wong

We analyse a general class of bilevel problems, in which the upper-level problem consists in the minimization of a smooth objective function and the lower-level problem is to find the fixed point of a smooth contraction map. This type of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-17 Riccardo Grazzi , Massimiliano Pontil , Saverio Salzo

In this paper we propose a global optimization-based approach to jointly matching a set of images. The estimated correspondences simultaneously maximize pairwise feature affinities and cycle consistency across multiple images. Unlike…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-12-03 Xiaowei Zhou , Menglong Zhu , Kostas Daniilidis

Bilevel programming is one of the very active areas of research with many real-life applications in economics and engineering. Bilevel problems are hierarchical problems consisting of lower-level and upper-level problems, respectively. The…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-24 Kuntal Som , Thirumulanathan D , Joydeep Dutta

The analytical deep image prior (ADP) introduced by Dittmer et al. (2020) establishes a link between deep image priors and classical regularization theory via bilevel optimization. While this is an elegant construction, it involves…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-20 Mohammad Sadegh Salehi , Tatiana A. Bubba , Yury Korolev

The proximal gradient algorithm has been popularly used for convex optimization. Recently, it has also been extended for nonconvex problems, and the current state-of-the-art is the nonmonotone accelerated proximal gradient algorithm.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-05-24 Quanming Yao , James T. Kwok , Fei Gao , Wei Chen , Tie-Yan Liu

We consider the problem of designing a smooth trajectory that traverses a sequence of convex sets in minimum time, while satisfying given velocity and acceleration constraints. This problem is naturally formulated as a nonconvex program. To…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Tobia Marcucci , Mathew Halm , Will Yang , Dongchan Lee , Andrew D. Marchese

This paper firstly proposes a convex bilevel optimization paradigm to formulate and optimize popular learning and vision problems in real-world scenarios. Different from conventional approaches, which directly design their iteration schemes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Risheng Liu , Long Ma , Xiaoming Yuan , Shangzhi Zeng , Jin Zhang

We consider the projected gradient algorithm for the nonconvex best subset selection problem that minimizes a given empirical loss function under an $\ell_0$-norm constraint. Through decomposing the feasible set of the given sparsity…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-13 Jan Harold Alcantara , Ching-pei Lee

Two optimization algorithms are proposed for solving a stochastic programming problem for which the objective function is given in the form of the expectation of convex functions and the constraint set is defined by the intersection of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-10-09 Hideaki Iiduka

In this paper, we consider nonconvex optimization problems with nonsmooth nonconvex objective function and nonlinear equality constraints. We assume that both the objective function and the functional constraints can be separated into 2…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-04 Lahcen El Bourkhissi , Ion Necoara

Image restoration is typically addressed through non-convex inverse problems, which are often solved using first-order block-wise splitting methods. In this paper, we consider a general type of non-convex optimisation model that captures…

Hyperparameter optimization can be formulated as a bilevel optimization problem, where the optimal parameters on the training set depend on the hyperparameters. We aim to adapt regularization hyperparameters for neural networks by fitting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-08 Matthew MacKay , Paul Vicol , Jon Lorraine , David Duvenaud , Roger Grosse

In this paper we present a variant of the proximal forward-backward splitting iteration for solving nonsmooth optimization problems in Hilbert spaces, when the objective function is the sum of two nondifferentiable convex functions. The…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-01-13 Jose Yunier Bello Cruz

This paper studies proximal gradient iterations for solving simple bilevel optimization problems where both the upper and the lower level cost functions are split as the sum of differentiable and (possibly nonsmooth) proximable functions.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-05 Puya Latafat , Andreas Themelis , Silvia Villa , Panagiotis Patrinos

Multidimensional imaging, capturing image data in more than two dimensions, has been an emerging field with diverse applications. Due to the limitation of two-dimensional detectors in obtaining the high-dimensional image data, computational…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-16 Didem Dogan , Figen S. Oktem

Bilevel optimization is a popular two-level hierarchical optimization, which has been widely applied to many machine learning tasks such as hyperparameter learning, meta learning and continual learning. Although many bilevel optimization…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-21 Feihu Huang

Bilevel programming problems frequently arise in real-world applications across various fields, including transportation, economics, energy markets and healthcare. These problems have been proven to be NP-hard even in the simplest form with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-06 Sina Hajikazemi , Florian Steinke