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Modern text-to-image (T2I) generation systems (e.g., DALL$\cdot$E 3) exploit the memory mechanism, which captures key information in multi-turn interactions for faithful generation. Despite its practicality, the security analyses of this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Shiqian Zhao , Jiayang Liu , Yiming Li , Runyi Hu , Xiaojun Jia , Wenshu Fan , Xiao Bao , Xinfeng Li , Jie Zhang , Wei Dong , Tianwei Zhang , Luu Anh Tuan

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have made remarkable progress in vision-language reasoning, they are also more susceptible to producing harmful content compared to models that focus solely on text. Existing defensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Yilei Jiang , Yingshui Tan , Xiangyu Yue

Generative image compression has recently shown impressive perceptual quality, but often suffers from semantic deviations caused by generative hallucinations at ultra-low bitrate (bpp < 0.05), limiting its reliable deployment in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Kaile Wang , Lijun He , Haisheng Fu , Haixia Bi , Fan Li

Recent works show that text-to-image generative models are surprisingly vulnerable to a variety of poisoning attacks. Empirical results find that these models can be corrupted by altering associations between individual text prompts and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Wenxin Ding , Cathy Y. Li , Shawn Shan , Ben Y. Zhao , Haitao Zheng

Controllable text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models generate images conditioned on both text prompts and semantic inputs of other modalities like edge maps. Nevertheless, current controllable T2I methods commonly face challenges related to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Xuehai He , Jian Zheng , Jacob Zhiyuan Fang , Robinson Piramuthu , Mohit Bansal , Vicente Ordonez , Gunnar A Sigurdsson , Nanyun Peng , Xin Eric Wang

Text-to-image models have shown remarkable capabilities in generating high-quality images from natural language descriptions. However, these models are highly vulnerable to adversarial prompts, which can bypass safety measures and produce…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Peigui Qi , Kunsheng Tang , Wenbo Zhou , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu , Tianwei Zhang , Qing Guo , Jie Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are susceptible to the implicit reasoning risk, wherein innocuous unimodal inputs synergistically assemble into risky multimodal data that produce harmful outputs. We attribute this vulnerability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Wei Cai , Shujuan Liu , Jian Zhao , Ziyan Shi , Yusheng Zhao , Yuchen Yuan , Tianle Zhang , Chi Zhang , Xuelong Li

This paper studies how Transformer models with Rotary Position Embeddings (RoPE) develop emergent, wavelet-like properties that compensate for the positional encoding's theoretical limitations. Through an analysis spanning model scales,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Valeria Ruscio , Umberto Nanni , Fabrizio Silvestri

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) achieve remarkable success through explicit thinking steps, yet the thinking steps introduce a novel risk by potentially amplifying unsafe behaviors. Despite this vulnerability, conventional defense mechanisms…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Su-Hyeon Kim , Hyundong Jin , Yejin Lee , Yo-Sub Han

Rotary Positional Encoding (RoPE) is widely used in modern large language models. However, when sequences are extended beyond the range seen during training, rotary phases can enter out-of-distribution regimes, leading to spurious…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Riccardo Ali , Alessio Borgi , Christopher Irwin , Mario Severino , Pietro Liò

Generating rare compositional concepts in text-to-image synthesis remains a challenge for diffusion models, particularly for attributes that are uncommon in the training data. While recent approaches, such as R2F, address this challenge by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Kwanyoung Lee , Hyunwoo Oh , SeungJu Cha , Sungho Koh , Dong-Jin Kim

Rectified flow models have become a de facto standard in image generation due to their stable sampling trajectories and high-fidelity outputs. Despite their strong generative capabilities, they face critical limitations in image editing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Sung-Hoon Yoon , Minghan Li , Gaspard Beaudouin , Congcong Wen , Muhammad Rafay Azhar , Mengyu Wang

Neural network NLP models are vulnerable to small modifications of the input that maintain the original meaning but result in a different prediction. In this paper, we focus on robustness of text classification against word substitutions,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Emanuele La Malfa , Min Wu , Luca Laurenti , Benjie Wang , Anthony Hartshorn , Marta Kwiatkowska

Transformer-based text classifiers such as BERT, RoBERTa, T5, and GPT have shown strong performance in natural language processing tasks but remain vulnerable to adversarial examples. These vulnerabilities raise significant security…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Bushra Sabir , Yansong Gao , Alsharif Abuadbba , M. Ali Babar

Text guided diffusion models are used by millions of users, but can be easily exploited to produce harmful content. Concept unlearning methods aim at reducing the models' likelihood of generating harmful content. Traditionally, this has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Mansi , Avinash Kori , Francesca Toni , Soteris Demetriou

The recent advances in diffusion models (DMs) have revolutionized the generation of realistic and complex images. However, these models also introduce potential safety hazards, such as producing harmful content and infringing data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Yimeng Zhang , Jinghan Jia , Xin Chen , Aochuan Chen , Yihua Zhang , Jiancheng Liu , Ke Ding , Sijia Liu

Text-to-image (T2I) models have been widely applied in generating high-fidelity images across various domains. However, these models may also be abused to produce Not-Safe-for-Work (NSFW) content via jailbreak attacks. Existing jailbreak…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Xingkai Peng , Jun Jiang , Meng Tong , Shuai Li , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu , Kejiang Chen

Extending context window sizes allows large language models (LLMs) to process longer sequences and handle more complex tasks. Rotary Positional Embedding (RoPE) has become the de facto standard due to its relative positional encoding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Haonan Wang , Qian Liu , Chao Du , Tongyao Zhu , Cunxiao Du , Kenji Kawaguchi , Tianyu Pang

The rapid advancement of generative AI highlights the importance of text-to-image (T2I) security, particularly with the threat of backdoor poisoning. Timely disclosure and mitigation of security vulnerabilities in T2I models are crucial for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Chongye Guo , Jinhu Fu , Junfeng Fang , Kun Wang , Guorui Feng

Text-to-Image (T2I) models have made remarkable progress in generating images from text prompts, but their output quality and safety still depend heavily on how prompts are phrased. Existing safety methods typically refine prompts using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Jinwoo Jeon , JunHyeok Oh , Hayeong Lee , Byung-Jun Lee
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