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We present a generic framework for spatio-temporal (ST) data modeling, analysis, and forecasting, with a special focus on data that is sparse in both space and time. Our multi-scaled framework is a seamless coupling of two major components:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-04 Bao Wang , Xiyang Luo , Fangbo Zhang , Baichuan Yuan , Andrea L. Bertozzi , P. Jeffrey Brantingham

Deep learning methods have access to be employed for solving physical systems governed by parametric partial differential equations (PDEs) due to massive scientific data. It has been refined to operator learning that focuses on learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Chu Wang , Jinhong Wu , Yanzhi Wang , Zhijian Zha , Qi Zhou

Discovering hidden physical laws and identifying governing system parameters from sparse observations are central challenges in computational science and engineering. Existing data-driven methods, such as physics-informed neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Dibakar Roy Sarkar , Vijay Kag , Birupaksha Pal , Somdatta Goswami

We propose the Inverse Neural Operator (INO), a two-stage framework for recovering hidden ODE parameters from sparse, partial observations. In Stage 1, a Conditional Fourier Neural Operator (C-FNO) with cross-attention learns a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Zhi-Song Liu , Wenqing Peng , Helmi Toropainen , Ammar Kheder , Andreas Rupp , Holger Froning , Xiaojie Lin , Michael Boy

Graph Neural Networks (GNN) exhibit superior performance in graph representation learning, but their inference cost can be high, due to an aggregation operation that can require a memory fetch for a very large number of nodes. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Yaochen Hu , Mai Zeng , Ge Zhang , Pavel Rumiantsev , Liheng Ma , Yingxue Zhang , Mark Coates

\textit{Graph Neural Network} (GNN) is a promising approach for analyzing graph-structured data that tactfully captures their dependency information via node-level message passing. It has achieved state-of-the-art performances in many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Feng Shi , Ahren Yiqiao Jin , Song-Chun Zhu

Learning the solution operators of PDEs on arbitrary domains is challenging due to the diversity of possible domain shapes, in addition to the often intricate underlying physics. We propose an end-to-end graph neural network (GNN) based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Sepehr Mousavi , Shizheng Wen , Levi Lingsch , Maximilian Herde , Bogdan Raonić , Siddhartha Mishra

System Neural Diversity (SND) measures behavioral heterogeneity in multi-agent reinforcement learning by averaging pairwise distances over all $\binom{n}{2}$ agent pairs, making each call quadratic in team size. We introduce Graph-SND,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Shawn Ray

With the rapid growth of the Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems, widespread sensor deployment has become essential. However, the high costs of building sensor networks limit their scale and coverage, making fine-grained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Zhuoxuan Liang , Wei Li , Dalin Zhang , Ziyu Jia , Yidan Chen , Zhihong Wang , Xiangping Zheng , Moustafa Youssef

We propose, in this paper, a Variable Spiking Wavelet Neural Operator (VS-WNO), which aims to bridge the gap between theoretical and practical implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms for mechanics applications. With recent…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Shailesh Garg , Souvik Chakraborty

The predictive accuracy of operator learning frameworks depends on the quality and quantity of available training data (input-output function pairs), often requiring substantial amounts of high-fidelity data, which can be challenging to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Sumanta Roy , Bahador Bahmani , Ioannis G. Kevrekidis , Michael D. Shields

As artificial intelligence emerges as a transformative enabler for fusion energy commercialization, fast and accurate solvers become increasingly critical. In magnetic confinement nuclear fusion, rapid and accurate solution of the…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have shown to provide superb performance in many real life applications, but their large computation cost and storage requirement have prevented them from being deployed to many edge and internet-of-things (IoT)…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Minghai Qin , Tianyun Zhang , Fei Sun , Yen-Kuang Chen , Makan Fardad , Yanzhi Wang , Yuan Xie

Securely computing graph convolutional networks (GCNs) is critical for applying their analytical capabilities to privacy-sensitive data like social/credit networks. Multiplying a sparse yet large adjacency matrix of a graph in GCN--a core…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Yu Zheng , Qizhi Zhang , Lichun Li , Kai Zhou , Shan Yin

Registration of optical and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) remote sensing images serves as a critical foundation for image fusion and visual navigation tasks. This task is particularly challenging because of their modal discrepancy,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Zixuan Sun , Shuaifeng Zhi , Ruize Li , Jingyuan Xia , Yongxiang Liu , Weidong Jiang

Accurate real-time prediction of phase-resolved ocean wave fields remains a critical yet largely unsolved problem, primarily due to the absence of practical data assimilation methods for reconstructing initial conditions from sparse or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Svenja Ehlers , Merten Stender , Norbert Hoffmann

Achieving accurate and robust global situational awareness of a complex time-evolving field from a limited number of sensors has been a longstanding challenge. This reconstruction problem is especially difficult when sensors are sparsely…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-11-18 Kai Fukami , Romit Maulik , Nesar Ramachandra , Koji Fukagata , Kunihiko Taira

Spectral super-resolution (SSR) aims to reconstruct hyperspectral images (HSIs) from multispectral observations, with broad applications in computer vision and remote sensing. Deep learning-based methods have been widely used, but they…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-13 Ziye Zhang , Bin Pan , Zhenwei Shi

Graph neural networks have become increasingly popular in recent years due to their ability to naturally encode relational input data and their ability to scale to large graphs by operating on a sparse representation of graph adjacency…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-28 Matej Balog , Bart van Merriënboer , Subhodeep Moitra , Yujia Li , Daniel Tarlow

In the design of engineered components, rigorous vibration testing is essential for performance validation and identification of resonant frequencies and amplitudes encountered during operation. Performing this evaluation numerically via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 D. Bluedorn , A. Badawy , B. E. Saunders , D. Roettgen , A. Abdelkefi