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The billion-scale Large Language Models (LLMs) need deployment on expensive server-grade GPUs with large-storage HBMs and abundant computation capability. As LLM-assisted services become popular, achieving cost-effective LLM inference on…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Lian Liu , Shixin Zhao , Bing Li , Haimeng Ren , Zhaohui Xu , Mengdi Wang , Xiaowei Li , Yinhe Han , Ying Wang

Efficiently scaling deep neural networks across GPU clusters requires navigating complex trade-offs between computational throughput, memory utilization, and synchronization overhead. This paper presents a unified empirical evaluation of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Md Sultanul Islam Ovi

There is an explosion of data, documents, and other content, and people require tools to analyze and interpret these, tools to turn the content into information and knowledge. Topic modeling have been developed to solve these problems.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-10-23 Aaron Q Li

In this paper, we present a novel method that reduces model inference latency during distributed deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs). Our contribution is an optimized inference deployment scheme that address the current limitations…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Adnan Hoque , Mudhakar Srivatsa , Chih-Chieh Yang , Raghu Ganti

We present a distributed framework of the Primal-Dual Hybrid Gradient (PDHG) algorithm for solving massive-scale linear programming (LP) problems. Although PDHG-based solvers demonstrate strong performance on single-node GPU architectures,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Hongpei Li , Yicheng Huang , Huikang Liu , Dongdong Ge , Yinyu Ye

The rapid scaling of Large Language Models (LLMs) has pushed training workloads far beyond the limits of single-node analysis, demanding a deeper understanding of how these models behave across large-scale, multi-GPU systems. In this paper,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Seokjin Go , Joongun Park , Spandan More , Hanjiang Wu , Irene Wang , Aaron Jezghani , Tushar Krishna , Divya Mahajan

Distributed inference of large language models (LLMs) using tensor parallelism can introduce communication overheads of $20$% even over GPUs connected via NVLink, a high-speed GPU interconnect. Several techniques have been proposed to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Raja Gond , Nipun Kwatra , Ramachandran Ramjee

Autoregressive decoding in large language models (LLMs) requires $\mathcal{O}(n)$ sequential steps for $n$ tokens, fundamentally limiting inference throughput. Recent diffusion-based LLMs (dLLMs) enable parallel token generation through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Wenrui Bao , Zhiben Chen , Dan Xu , Yuzhang Shang

We present DMax, a new paradigm for efficient diffusion language models (dLLMs). It mitigates error accumulation in parallel decoding, enabling aggressive decoding parallelism while preserving generation quality. Unlike conventional masked…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Zigeng Chen , Gongfan Fang , Xinyin Ma , Ruonan Yu , Xinchao Wang

Pruning has recently been widely adopted to reduce the parameter scale and improve the inference efficiency of Large Language Models (LLMs). Mainstream pruning techniques often rely on uniform layerwise pruning strategies, which can lead to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yuli Chen , Bo Cheng , Jiale Han , Yingying Zhang , Yingting Li , Shuhao Zhang

The rapid advancements in machine learning techniques have led to significant achievements in various real-world robotic tasks. These tasks heavily rely on fast and energy-efficient inference of deep neural network (DNN) models when…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Zekai Sun , Xiuxian Guan , Junming Wang , Haoze Song , Yuhao Qing , Tianxiang Shen , Dong Huang , Fangming Liu , Heming Cui

Breakthroughs in the generative AI domain have fueled an explosion of large language model (LLM)-powered applications, whose workloads fundamentally consist of sequences of inferences through transformer architectures. Within this rapidly…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Burak Topcu , Musa Oguzhan Cim , Poovaiah Palangappa , Meena Arunachalam , Mahmut Taylan Kandemir

Data Parallelism (DP), Tensor Parallelism (TP), and Pipeline Parallelism (PP) are the three strategies widely adopted to enable fast and efficient Large Language Model (LLM) training. However, these approaches rely on data-intensive…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Lang Xu , Quentin Anthony , Qinghua Zhou , Nawras Alnaasan , Radha R. Gulhane , Aamir Shafi , Hari Subramoni , Dhabaleswar K. Panda

Pre-training large neural networks at scale imposes heavy memory demands on accelerators and often requires costly communication. We introduce Subnetwork Data Parallelism (SDP), a distributed training framework that partitions a model into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Vaibhav Singh , Zafir Khalid , Edouard Oyallon , Eugene Belilovsky

The employment of high-performance servers and GPU accelerators for training deep neural network models have greatly accelerated recent advances in deep learning (DL). DL frameworks, such as TensorFlow, MXNet, and Caffe2, have emerged to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Soojeong Kim , Gyeong-In Yu , Hojin Park , Sungwoo Cho , Eunji Jeong , Hyeonmin Ha , Sanha Lee , Joo Seong Jeong , Byung-Gon Chun

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have emerged as successful solutions for variety of artificial intelligence applications, but their very large and deep models impose high computational requirements during training. Multi-GPU parallelization is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-02-08 Sungho Shin , Youngmin Jo , Jungwook Choi , Swagath Venkataramani , Vijayalakshmi Srinivasan , Wonyong Sung

Large Language Model (LLM) inference services demand exceptionally high availability and low latency, yet multi-GPU Tensor Parallelism (TP) makes them vulnerable to single-GPU failures. We present AnchorTP, a state-preserving elastic TP…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Wendong Xu , Chujie Chen , He Xiao , Kuan Li , Jing Xiong , Chen Zhang , Wenyong Zhou , Chaofan Tao , Yang Bai , Bei Yu , Ngai Wong

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable advances by integrating text, image, and audio understanding within a unified architecture. However, existing distributed training frameworks remain fundamentally data-blind:…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Hyeonjun An , Sihyun Kim , Chaerim Lim , Hyunjoon Kim , Rathijit Sen , Sangmin Jung , Hyeonsoo Lee , Dongwook Kim , Takki Yu , Jinkyu Jeong , Youngsok Kim , Kwanghyun Park

Large language models (LLMs) have shown exceptional performance and vast potential across diverse tasks. However, the deployment of LLMs with high performance in low-resource environments has garnered significant attention in the industry.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Pujiang He , Shan Zhou , Wenhuan Huang , Changqing Li , Duyi Wang , Bin Guo , Chen Meng , Sheng Gui , Weifei Yu , Yi Xie

Large-scale deep learning models contribute to significant performance improvements on varieties of downstream tasks. Current data and model parallelism approaches utilize model replication and partition techniques to support the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Youhe Jiang , Fangcheng Fu , Xupeng Miao , Xiaonan Nie , Bin Cui