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Large language model agents increasingly rely on external skills to solve complex tasks, where skills act as modular units that extend their capabilities beyond what parametric memory alone supports. Existing methods assume external skills…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Junhao Shen , Teng Zhang , Xiaoyan Zhao , Hong Cheng

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) and multi-agent systems (MAS) are increasingly embedded across the software development lifecycle (SDLC), yet their fairness implications for developer-facing tools remain underexplored despite…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Corey Yang-Smith , Ronnie de Souza Santos , Ahmad Abdellatif

Unsupervised skill discovery drives intelligent agents to explore the unknown environment without task-specific reward signal, and the agents acquire various skills which may be useful when the agents adapt to new tasks. In this paper, we…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Shuncheng He , Jianzhun Shao , Xiangyang Ji

Large language model (LLM) agents rely on reusable skills to solve complex tasks. However, existing skill creation approaches treat skills as isolated and static artifacts, limiting their reusability, reliability, and long-term improvement.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Huawei Lin , Peng Li , Jie Song , Fuxin Jiang , Tieying Zhang

While knowledge distillation has become a mature field for compressing large language models (LLMs) into smaller ones by aligning their outputs or internal representations, the distillation of LLM-based agents, which involve planning,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Jiahao Qiu , Xinzhe Juan , Yimin Wang , Ling Yang , Xuan Qi , Tongcheng Zhang , Jiacheng Guo , Yifu Lu , Zixin Yao , Hongru Wang , Shilong Liu , Xun Jiang , Liu Leqi , Mengdi Wang

Multi-agent systems (MAS) built on large language models (LLMs) offer a promising path toward solving complex, real-world tasks that single-agent systems often struggle to manage. While recent advancements in test-time scaling (TTS) have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Can Jin , Hongwu Peng , Qixin Zhang , Yujin Tang , Dimitris N. Metaxas , Tong Che

Model distillation is a primary driver behind the rapid progress of LLM agents, yet it often leads to behavioral homogenization. Many emerging agents share nearly identical reasoning steps and failure modes, suggesting they may be distilled…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Chenghao Yang , Yuning Zhang , Zhoufutu Wen , Tao Gong , Jiaheng Liu , Qi Chu , Nenghai Yu

We introduce AgentAda, the first LLM-powered analytics agent that can learn and use new analytics skills to extract more specialized insights. Unlike existing methods that require users to manually decide which data analytics method to…

The computational benefits of iterative non-autoregressive transformers decrease as the number of decoding steps increases. As a remedy, we introduce Distill Multiple Steps (DiMS), a simple yet effective distillation technique to decrease…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Sajad Norouzi , Rasa Hosseinzadeh , Felipe Perez , Maksims Volkovs

Model collaboration -- systems where multiple language models (LMs) collaborate -- combines the strengths of diverse models with cost in loading multiple LMs. We improve efficiency while preserving the strengths of collaboration by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Shangbin Feng , Kishan Panaganti , Yulia Tsvetkov , Wenhao Yu

Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) built on large language models typically solve complex tasks by coordinating multiple agents through workflows. Existing approaches generates workflows either at task level or query level, but their relative costs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Zixu Wang , Bingbing Xu , Yige Yuan , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

When should we encourage specialization in multi-agent systems versus train generalists that perform the entire task independently? We propose that specialization largely depends on task parallelizability: the potential for multiple agents…

Existing score distillation methods are sensitive to classifier-free guidance (CFG) scale: manifested as over-smoothness or instability at small CFG scales, while over-saturation at large ones. To explain and analyze these issues, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Min Wei , Jingkai Zhou , Junyao Sun , Xuesong Zhang

We present a novel approach to knowledge transfer in model-based reinforcement learning, addressing the critical challenge of deploying large world models in resource-constrained environments. Our method efficiently distills a high-capacity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Dmytro Kuzmenko , Nadiya Shvai

Agents, language model-based systems capable of reasoning, planning, and acting are widely adopted in real-world tasks, yet how their performance changes as these systems scale across key dimensions remains underexplored. We introduce…

The objective of meta-learning is to exploit the knowledge obtained from observed tasks to improve adaptation to unseen tasks. As such, meta-learners are able to generalize better when they are trained with a larger number of observed tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Mert Kayaalp , Stefan Vlaski , Ali H. Sayed

Current test-time scaling (TTS) techniques enhance large language model (LLM) performance by allocating additional computation at inference time, yet they remain insufficient for agentic settings, where actions directly interact with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Xingshan Zeng , Lingzhi Wang , Weiwen Liu , Liangyou Li , Yasheng Wang , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu

Coding agents produce rich trajectories while solving software-engineering tasks. To enable agent self-evolution, these trajectories can be distilled into reusable procedural skills that compactly encode experience to guide future behavior.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yanzhou Li , Yiran Zhang , Xiaoyu Zhang , Xiaoxia Liu , Yang Liu

Multi-agent systems (MAS) have emerged as a promising approach for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models in complex problem-solving; however, current MAS frameworks suffer from poor flexibility and scalability with…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Heng Zhou , Hejia Geng , Xiangyuan Xue , Li Kang , Yiran Qin , Zhiyong Wang , Zhenfei Yin , Lei Bai

Multi-agent debate has been shown to improve reasoning in large language models (LLMs). However, it is compute-intensive, requiring generation of long transcripts before answering questions. To address this inefficiency, we develop a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-29 John Seon Keun Yi , Aaron Mueller , Dokyun Lee