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In this work, we present a simple yet theoretically motivated improvement to Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) for the Large Language Model (LLM), addressing its limited generalization compared to reinforcement learning (RL). Through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Yongliang Wu , Yizhou Zhou , Zhou Ziheng , Yingzhe Peng , Xinyu Ye , Xinting Hu , Wenbo Zhu , Lu Qi , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Xu Yang

In practice, rigorous reasoning is often a key driver of correct code, while Reinforcement Learning (RL) for code generation often neglects optimizing reasoning quality. Bringing process-level supervision into RL is appealing, but it faces…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Lishui Fan , Yu Zhang , Mouxiang Chen , Zhongxin Liu

Length generalization, the ability to solve problems longer than those seen during training, remains a critical challenge for large language models (LLMs). Previous work modifies positional encodings (PEs) and data formats to improve length…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yi Hu , Shijia Kang , Haotong Yang , Haotian Xu , Muhan Zhang

Pre-trained Large Language Model (LLM) exhibits broad capabilities, yet, for specific tasks or domains their attainment of higher accuracy and more reliable reasoning generally depends on post-training through Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Haitao Jiang , Wenbo Zhang , Jiarui Yao , Hengrui Cai , Sheng Wang , Rui Song

E-commerce platforms and payment solution providers face increasingly sophisticated fraud schemes, ranging from identity theft and account takeovers to complex money laundering operations that exploit the speed and anonymity of digital…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Cooper Lin , Yanting Zhang , Maohao Ran , Wei Xue , Hongwei Fan , Yibo Xu , Zhenglin Wan , Sirui Han , Yike Guo , Jun Song

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable capabilities, yet their improvement methods remain fundamentally constrained by human design. We present Self-Developing, a framework that enables LLMs to autonomously discover,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Yoichi Ishibashi , Taro Yano , Masafumi Oyamada

Recent research in decoding methods for Natural Language Generation (NLG) tasks has shown that MAP decoding is not optimal, because model probabilities do not always align with human preferences. Stronger decoding methods, including Quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Mara Finkelstein , Subhajit Naskar , Mehdi Mirzazadeh , Apurva Shah , Markus Freitag

Despite the ubiquity of visualization examples published on the web, retargeting existing custom chart implementations to new datasets remains difficult, time-intensive, and tedious. The adaptation process assumes author familiarity with…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Luke S. Snyder , Chenglong Wang , Steven M. Drucker

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive chain-of-thought reasoning capabilities, with reinforcement learning (RL) playing a crucial role in this progress. While "aha moment" patterns--where models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Lai Wei , Yuting Li , Kaipeng Zheng , Chen Wang , Yue Wang , Linghe Kong , Lichao Sun , Weiran Huang

Multimodal code generation has garnered significant interest within the research community. Despite the notable success of recent vision-language models (VLMs) on specialized tasks like chart-to-code generation, their reliance on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Xuanle Zhao , Deyang Jiang , Zhixiong Zeng , Lei Chen , Haibo Qiu , Jing Huang , Yufeng Zhong , Liming Zheng , Yilin Cao , Lin Ma

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) struggle with precise reasoning for structured visuals like charts and diagrams, as pixel-based perception lacks a mechanism for verification. To address this, we propose to leverage derendering --…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Junhong Shen , Mu Cai , Bo Hu , Ameet Talwalkar , David A Ross , Cordelia Schmid , Alireza Fathi

We present MM1.5, a new family of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) designed to enhance capabilities in text-rich image understanding, visual referring and grounding, and multi-image reasoning. Building upon the MM1 architecture,…

Tool learning has emerged as a crucial capability for large language models (LLMs) to solve complex real-world tasks through interaction with external tools. Existing approaches face significant challenges, including reliance on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Hanxing Ding , Shuchang Tao , Liang Pang , Zihao Wei , Jinyang Gao , Bolin Ding , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Generating high-quality code that solves complex programming tasks is challenging, especially with current decoder-based models that produce highly stochastic outputs. In code generation, even minor errors can easily break the entire…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Nikita Sorokin , Ivan Sedykh , Valentin Malykh

Accurate chart comprehension represents a critical challenge in advancing multimodal learning systems, as extensive information is compressed into structured visual representations. However, existing vision-language models (VLMs) frequently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xin Zhang , Xingyu Li , Rongguang Wang , Ruizhong Miao , Zheng Wang , Dan Roth , Chenyang Li

Code completion is a prominent application of Large Language Models (LLMs) in software engineering. Due to the near real-time response requirements of this task, base models with small to medium-sized parameters are typically employed,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Dongjun Yu , Xiao Yan , Zhenrui Li , Jipeng Xiao , Haochuan He , Yongda Yu , Hao Zhang , Guoping Rong , Xiaobo Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown significant potential in designing reward functions for Reinforcement Learning (RL) tasks. However, obtaining high-quality reward code often involves human intervention, numerous LLM queries, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Shengjie Sun , Runze Liu , Jiafei Lyu , Jing-Wen Yang , Liangpeng Zhang , Xiu Li

One way to enhance the reasoning capability of Large Language Models (LLMs) is to conduct Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) using Chain-of-Thought (CoT) annotations. This approach does not show sufficiently strong generalization ability,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Trung Quoc Luong , Xinbo Zhang , Zhanming Jie , Peng Sun , Xiaoran Jin , Hang Li

Mental health disorders impose a substantial global socioeconomic burden. While large language models (LLMs) offer 24/7, non-judgmental interactions to address this gap, pretrained models lack contextual coherence and emotional alignment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Eric Hua Qing Zhang , Julia Ive

Large language models (LLMs) with enormous pre-training tokens and parameters emerge diverse abilities, including math reasoning, code generation, and instruction following. These abilities are further enhanced by supervised fine-tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Guanting Dong , Hongyi Yuan , Keming Lu , Chengpeng Li , Mingfeng Xue , Dayiheng Liu , Wei Wang , Zheng Yuan , Chang Zhou , Jingren Zhou