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We present a sampling-based control approach that can generate smooth actions for general nonlinear systems without external smoothing algorithms. Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control has been utilized in numerous robotic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Taekyung Kim , Gyuhyun Park , Kiho Kwak , Jihwan Bae , Wonsuk Lee

This paper presents a novel control approach for autonomous systems operating under uncertainty. We combine Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control with Covariance Steering (CS) theory to obtain a robust controller for general…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Ji Yin , Zhiyuan Zhang , Evangelos Theodorou , Panagiotis Tsiotras

This paper proposes Constrained Sampling Cluster Model Predictive Path Integral (CSC-MPPI), a novel constrained formulation of MPPI designed to enhance trajectory optimization while enforcing strict constraints on system states and control…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Leesai Park , Keunwoo Jang , Sanghyun Kim

Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control is a powerful sampling-based strategy for nonlinear autonomous systems. However, its performance is often bottlenecked by the fidelity of nominal dynamics. We propose ICODE-MPPI, a robust…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Shugen Song , Wenjie Mei , Chengyan Zhao

Sampling-based model predictive control (MPC) algorithms, such as model predictive path integral (MPPI), enable approximate, gradient-free solutions to optimal control problems by drawing samples from a proposal distribution, evaluating…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-11 Markus Walker , Marcel Reith-Braun , Daniel Frisch , Uwe D. Hanebeck

Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control is a widely used sampling-based method for trajectory optimization, yet its convergence properties remain only partially understood. This paper provides a direct convergence analysis using…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-25 Mahyar Fazlyab , Sina Sharifi , Jiarui Wang

Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control has emerged as a powerful sampling-based optimal control method for complex, nonlinear, and high-dimensional systems. However, directly applying MPPI to legged robotic systems presents several…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-06 Chuyuan Tao , Fanxin Wang , Haolong Jiang , Jia He , Yiyang Chen , Qinglei Bu

Model Predictive Path Integral control is a powerful sampling-based approach suitable for complex robotic tasks due to its flexibility in handling nonlinear dynamics and non-convex costs. However, its applicability in real-time,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Tommaso Belvedere , Michael Ziegltrum , Giulio Turrisi , Valerio Modugno

This paper presents a tutorial and survey on Probabilistic Inference-based Model Predictive Control (PI-MPC). PI-MPC reformulates finite-horizon optimal control as inference over an optimal control distribution expressed as a Boltzmann…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Kohei Honda

Sampling-based Model Predictive Control (MPC) has been a practical and effective approach in many domains, notably model-based reinforcement learning, thanks to its flexibility and parallelizability. Despite its appealing empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Zeji Yi , Chaoyi Pan , Guanqi He , Guannan Qu , Guanya Shi

This paper introduces the Bidirectional Clustered MPPI (BiC-MPPI) algorithm, a novel trajectory optimization method aimed at enhancing goal-directed guidance within the Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) framework. BiC-MPPI incorporates…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Minchan Jung , Kwangki Kim

Sampling-based model predictive controllers generate trajectories by sampling control inputs from a fixed, simple distribution such as the normal or uniform distributions. This sampling method yields trajectory samples that are tightly…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-13 O. Goktug Poyrazoglu , Rahul Moorthy , Yukang Cao , William Chastek , Volkan Isler

This work presents an optimal sampling-based method to solve the real-time motion planning problem in static and dynamic environments, exploiting the Rapid-exploring Random Trees (RRT) algorithm and the Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Chuyuan Tao , Hunmin Kim , Naira Hovakimyan

We present a sampling-based Model Predictive Control (MPC) method that implements Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) as an \emph{Ising machine}, suitable for novel forms of probabilistic computing. By expressing the control problem as a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-18 Lorin Werthen-Brabants , Pieter Simoens

Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control, Reinforcement Learning (RL), and Diffusion Models have each demonstrated strong performance in trajectory optimization, decision-making, and motion planning. However, these approaches have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Yankai Li , Mo Chen

In trajectory optimization, Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control is a sampling-based Model Predictive Control (MPC) framework that generates optimal inputs by efficiently simulating numerous trajectories. In practice, however, MPPI…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-21 Fanxin Wang , Yikun Cheng , Chuyuan Tao

This paper presents a novel Stochastic Optimal Control (SOC) method based on Model Predictive Path Integral control (MPPI), named Stein Variational Guided MPPI (SVG-MPPI), designed to handle rapidly shifting multimodal optimal action…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Kohei Honda , Naoki Akai , Kosuke Suzuki , Mizuho Aoki , Hirotaka Hosogaya , Hiroyuki Okuda , Tatsuya Suzuki

We present a method for sampling-based model predictive control that makes use of a generic physics simulator as the dynamical model. In particular, we propose a Model Predictive Path Integral controller (MPPI), that uses the…

This paper proposes a new sampling-based nonlinear model predictive control (MPC) algorithm, with a bound on complexity quadratic in the prediction horizon N and linear in the number of samples. The idea of the proposed algorithm is to use…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-01-13 R. V. Bobiti , M. Lazar

The classical Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control framework, while effective in many applications, lacks reliable safety features due to its reliance on a risk-neutral trajectory evaluation technique, which can present challenges…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Ihab S. Mohamed , Junhong Xu , Gaurav S Sukhatme , Lantao Liu