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Large language models (LLMs) have advanced general-purpose reasoning, showing strong performance across diverse tasks. However, existing methods often rely on implicit exploration, where the model follows stochastic and unguided reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Jiaxiang Chen , Zhuo Wang , Mingxi Zou , Zhucong Li , Zhijian Zhou , Song Wang , Zenglin Xu

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has achieved tremendous success in the field of Natural Language Processing owing to diverse training paradigms that empower LLMs to effectively capture intricate linguistic patterns and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Lemei Zhang , Peng Liu , Yashar Deldjoo , Yong Zheng , Jon Atle Gulla

Post-training for large language models (LLMs) is constrained by the high cost of acquiring new knowledge or correcting errors and by the unintended side effects that frequently arise from retraining. To address these issues, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yisu Wang , Ming Wang , Haoyuan Song , Wenjie Huang , Chaozheng Wang , Yi Xie , Xuming Ran

Effective document reranking is essential for improving search relevance across diverse applications. While Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at reranking due to their deep semantic understanding and reasoning, their high computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Dimitar Peshevski , Kiril Blazhevski , Martin Popovski , Gjorgji Madjarov

Various techniques have been proposed to improve large language models (LLMs) adherence to formatting and instruction constraints. One of the most effective approaches involves utilizing high-quality data generated by powerful models.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Sihyun Park

Generating natural language explanations for recommendations has become increasingly important in recommender systems. Traditional approaches typically treat user reviews as ground truth for explanations and focus on improving review…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jingsen Zhang , Zihang Tian , Xueyang Feng , Xu Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in creative tasks such as storytelling and E-mail generation. However, as LLMs are primarily trained on final text results rather than intermediate revisions, it might…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Lei Shu , Liangchen Luo , Jayakumar Hoskere , Yun Zhu , Yinxiao Liu , Simon Tong , Jindong Chen , Lei Meng

Context: Recent research indicates that Web queries written by software developers are not very successful in retrieving relevant results, performing measurably worse compared to general purpose Web queries. Most approaches up to this point…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Mia Mohammad Imran , Kostadin Damevski

Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited an impressive capability to perform reasoning tasks, especially if they are encouraged to generate a sequence of intermediate steps. Reasoning performance can be improved by suitably combining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Soumyasundar Pal , Didier Chételat , Yingxue Zhang , Mark Coates

Transformers have achieved great success in effectively processing sequential data such as text. Their architecture consisting of several attention and feedforward blocks can model relations between elements of a sequence in parallel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Jaemu Heo , Eldor Fozilov , Hyunmin Song , Taehwan Kim

Answering natural language queries over relational data often requires retrieving and reasoning over multiple tables, yet most retrievers optimize only for query-table relevance and ignore table table compatibility. We introduce REAR…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Rishita Agarwal , Himanshu Singhal , Peter Baile Chen , Manan Roy Choudhury , Dan Roth , Vivek Gupta

Prompt-only, single-step LLM query rewriting, where a rewrite is generated from the query alone without retrieval feedback, is commonly used in production RAG pipelines, but its effect on dense retrieval is poorly understood. We present a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Varun Kotte

We explore the effectiveness of an LLM-guided query refinement paradigm for extending the usability of embedding models to challenging zero-shot search and classification tasks. Our approach refines the embedding representation of a user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Ariel Gera , Shir Ashury-Tahan , Gal Bloch , Ohad Eytan , Assaf Toledo

Large Language Models (LLMs) are used for Register-Transfer Level (RTL) code generation, but they face two main challenges: functional correctness and Power, Performance, and Area (PPA) optimization. Iterative, feedback-based methods…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Kyungjun Min , Kyumin Cho , Junhwan Jang , Seokhyeong Kang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized various applications by generating outputs based on given prompts. However, achieving the desired output requires iterative prompt refinement. This paper presents a novel approach that draws…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Rupesh Raj Karn

Large language models (LLMs) are incredible and versatile tools for text-based tasks that have enabled countless, previously unimaginable, applications. Retrieval models, in contrast, have not yet seen such capable general-purpose models…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Julian Killingback , Hamed Zamani

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong promise for mining Electronic Health Records (EHRs) by reasoning over longitudinal clinical information to capture context-rich patient trajectories. However, leveraging LLMs for structured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Arya Hadizadeh Moghaddam , Drew Ross , Mohsen Nayebi Kerdabadi , Dongjie Wang , Zijun Yao

While large language models (LLMs) excel in generating coherent and contextually rich outputs, their capacity to efficiently handle long-form contexts is limited by fixed-length position embeddings. Additionally, the computational cost of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Sumin An , Junyoung Sung , Wonpyo Park , Chanjun Park , Paul Hongsuck Seo

Recent work has shown that directly fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) for dense retrieval yields strong performance, but their substantial parameter counts make them computationally inefficient. While prior studies have revealed…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Yibin Lei , Shwai He , Ang Li , Andrew Yates

Relation extraction (RE) has achieved remarkable progress with the help of pre-trained language models. However, existing RE models are usually incapable of handling two situations: implicit expressions and long-tail relation classes,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Pawan Kumar Rajpoot , Ankur Parikh