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Related papers: Model Merging via Data-Free Covariance Estimation

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Mixing datasets for fine-tuning large models (LMs) has become critical for maximizing performance on downstream tasks. However, composing effective dataset mixtures typically relies on heuristics and trial-and-error, often requiring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Zhixu Silvia Tao , Kasper Vinken , Hao-Wei Yeh , Avi Cooper , Xavier Boix

Model merging, which combines multiple models into a single model, has gained popularity in recent years. By efficiently integrating the capabilities of various models, this significantly reduces the parameter count and memory usage.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Weiyu Chen , James Kwok

Despite the remarkable capabilities of Language Models (LMs) across diverse tasks, no single model consistently outperforms others, necessitating efficient methods to combine their strengths without expensive retraining. Existing model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jian Gu , Aldeida Aleti , Chunyang Chen , Hongyu Zhang

Biological multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have emerged as powerful foundation models for scientific discovery. However, existing models are specialized to a single modality, limiting their ability to solve inherently cross-modal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Wonbin Lee , Dongki Kim , Sung Ju Hwang

Optimizing data mixtures is essential for unlocking the full potential of large language models (LLMs), yet identifying the optimal composition remains computationally prohibitive due to reliance on heuristic trials or expensive proxy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jiapeng Wang , Changxin Tian , Kunlong Chen , Ziqi Liu , Jiaxin Mao , Wayne Xin Zhao , Zhiqiang Zhang , Jun Zhou

Model merging, such as model souping, is the practice of combining different models with the same architecture together without further training. In this work, we present a model merging methodology that addresses the difficulty of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Lucas Bandarkar , Benjamin Muller , Pritish Yuvraj , Rui Hou , Nayan Singhal , Hongjiang Lv , Bing Liu

Deep model fusion/merging is an emerging technique that merges the parameters or predictions of multiple deep learning models into a single one. It combines the abilities of different models to make up for the biases and errors of a single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Weishi Li , Yong Peng , Miao Zhang , Liang Ding , Han Hu , Li Shen

Multi-task model merging aims to consolidate knowledge from multiple fine-tuned task-specific experts into a unified model while minimizing performance degradation. Existing methods primarily approach this by minimizing differences between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Wenju Sun , Qingyong Li , Wen Wang , Yang Liu , Yangli-ao Geng , Boyang Li

Models trained on different datasets can be merged by a weighted-averaging of their parameters, but why does it work and when can it fail? Here, we connect the inaccuracy of weighted-averaging to mismatches in the gradients and propose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Nico Daheim , Thomas Möllenhoff , Edoardo Maria Ponti , Iryna Gurevych , Mohammad Emtiyaz Khan

Model merging has emerged as an effective approach to combine multiple single-task models into a multitask model. This process typically involves computing a weighted average of the model parameters without any additional training. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Lu Li , Tianyu Zhang , Zhiqi Bu , Suyuchen Wang , Huan He , Jie Fu , Yonghui Wu , Jiang Bian , Yong Chen , Yoshua Bengio

Achieving balanced alignment of large language models (LLMs) in terms of Helpfulness, Honesty, and Harmlessness (3H optimization) constitutes a cornerstone of responsible AI. Existing methods like data mixture strategies face limitations,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jinluan Yang , Dingnan Jin , Anke Tang , Li Shen , Didi Zhu , Zhengyu Chen , Ziyu Zhao , Daixin Wang , Qing Cui , Zhiqiang Zhang , Jun Zhou , Fei Wu , Kun Kuang

Model merging aggregates Large Language Models (LLMs) finetuned on different tasks into a stronger one. However, parameter conflicts between models leads to performance degradation in averaging. While model routing addresses this issue by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Kunfeng Lai , Zhenheng Tang , Xinglin Pan , Peijie Dong , Xiang Liu , Haolan Chen , Li Shen , Bo Li , Xiaowen Chu

The recent success of specialized Large Language Models (LLMs) in domains such as mathematical reasoning and coding has led to growing interest in methods for merging these expert LLMs into a unified Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) model, with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yuhang Zhou , Giannis Karamanolakis , Victor Soto , Anna Rumshisky , Mayank Kulkarni , Furong Huang , Wei Ai , Jianhua Lu

From a multi-model compression perspective, model merging enables memory-efficient serving of multiple models fine-tuned from the same base, but suffers from degraded performance due to interference among their task-specific parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Hangyu Zhou , Aaron Gokaslan , Volodymyr Kuleshov , Bharath Hariharan

In medical research, individual-level patient data provide invaluable information, but the patients' right to confidentiality remains of utmost priority. This poses a huge challenge when estimating statistical models such as linear mixed…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-24 Marie Analiz April Limpoco , Christel Faes , Niel Hens

Recent advances in large language models have led to numerous task-specialized fine-tuned variants, creating a need for efficient model merging techniques that preserve specialized capabilities while avoiding costly retraining. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Shuqi Liu , Han Wu , Bowei He , Xiongwei Han , Mingxuan Yuan , Linqi Song

In the era of large language models, model merging is a promising way to combine multiple task-specific models into a single multitask model without extra training. However, two challenges remain: (a) interference between different models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Zhenyi Lu , Chenghao Fan , Wei Wei , Xiaoye Qu , Dangyang Chen , Yu Cheng

Transfer learning has become a powerful tool to initialize deep learning models to achieve faster convergence and higher performance. This is especially useful in the medical imaging analysis domain, where data scarcity limits possible…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Ibrahim Almakky , Santosh Sanjeev , Anees Ur Rehman Hashmi , Mohammad Areeb Qazi , Hu Wang , Mohammad Yaqub

Reasoning capabilities represent a critical frontier for large language models (LLMs), but developing them requires extensive proprietary datasets and computational resources. One way to efficiently supplement capabilities with is by model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Guinan Su , Jonas Geiping

Model merging, particularly through weight averaging, has shown surprising effectiveness in saving computations and improving model performance without any additional training. However, the interpretability of why and how this technique…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Hu Wang , Congbo Ma , Ibrahim Almakky , Ian Reid , Gustavo Carneiro , Mohammad Yaqub