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A canonical approach to approximating the partition function of a Gibbs distribution via sampling is simulated annealing. This method has led to efficient reductions from counting to sampling, including: $\bullet$ classic non-adaptive…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Hongyang Liu , Yitong Yin , Yiyao Zhang

We present a near-optimal reduction from approximately counting the cardinality of a discrete set to approximately sampling elements of the set. An important application of our work is to approximating the partition function $Z$ of a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Daniel Stefankovic , Santosh Vempala , Eric Vigoda

We introduce a variational algorithm based on the quantum alternating operator ansatz (QAOA) for the approximate solution of computationally hard counting problems. Our algorithm, dubbed VQCount, is based on the equivalence between random…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-16 Julien Drapeau , Shreya Banerjee , Stefanos Kourtis

There is a trivial $O(\frac{n^3}{T})$ time algorithm for approximate triangle counting where $T$ is the number of triangles in the graph and $n$ the number of vertices. At the same time, one may count triangles exactly using fast matrix…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Jakub Tětek

Approximate Bayes Computations (ABC) are used for parameter inference when the likelihood function of the model is expensive to evaluate but relatively cheap to sample from. In particle ABC, an ensemble of particles in the product space of…

Computation · Statistics 2016-04-15 Carlo Albert , Hans R. Kuensch , Andreas Scheidegger

Stochastic equations play an important role in computational science, due to their ability to treat a wide variety of complex statistical problems. However, current algorithms are strongly limited by their sampling variance, which scales…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-01-04 Bogdan Opanchuk , Simon Kiesewetter , Peter D. Drummond

Counting the number of triangles in a graph has many important applications in network analysis. Several frequently computed metrics like the clustering coefficient and the transitivity ratio need to count the number of triangles in the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-04-24 Mostafa Haghir Chehreghani

We present the first efficient averaging sampler that achieves asymptotically optimal randomness complexity and near-optimal sample complexity. For any $\delta < \varepsilon$ and any constant $\alpha > 0$, our sampler uses $m + O(\log (1 /…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Zhiyang Xun , David Zuckerman

Uniform sampling and approximate counting are fundamental primitives for modern database applications, ranging from query optimization to approximate query processing. While recent breakthroughs have established optimal sampling and…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xiao Hu , Jinchao Huang

Model counting, or counting the satisfying assignments of a Boolean formula, is a fundamental problem with diverse applications. Given #P-hardness of the problem, developing algorithms for approximate counting is an important research area.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Kuldeep S. Meel , Supratik Chakraborty , S. Akshay

We consider the problem of estimating the partition function $Z(\beta)=\sum_x \exp(\beta(H(x))$ of a Gibbs distribution with the Hamiltonian $H:\Omega\rightarrow\{0\}\cup[1,n]$. As shown in [Harris & Kolmogorov 2024], the log-ratio $q=\ln…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-06 David G. Harris , Vladimir Kolmogorov

We investigate distribution testing with access to non-adaptive conditional samples. In the conditional sampling model, the algorithm is given the following access to a distribution: it submits a query set $S$ to an oracle, which returns a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Gautam Kamath , Christos Tzamos

We consider the problem of estimating the partition function $Z(\beta)=\sum_x \exp(-\beta(H(x))$ of a Gibbs distribution with a Hamilton $H(\cdot)$, or more precisely the logarithm of the ratio $q=\ln Z(0)/Z(\beta)$. It has been recently…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-12-29 Vladimir Kolmogorov

We show how to use parallelization to speed up sampling from an arbitrary distribution $\mu$ on a product space $[q]^n$, given oracle access to counting queries: $\mathbb{P}_{X\sim \mu}[X_S=\sigma_S]$ for any $S\subseteq [n]$ and $\sigma_S…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Nima Anari , Ruiquan Gao , Aviad Rubinstein

Approximation via sampling is a widespread technique whenever exact solutions are too expensive. In this paper, we present techniques for an efficient parallelization of adaptive (a. k. a. progressive) sampling algorithms on multi-threaded…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-03-25 Alexander van der Grinten , Eugenio Angriman , Henning Meyerhenke

We study sampling problems associated with potentials that lack smoothness. The potentials can be either convex or non-convex. Departing from the standard smooth setting, the potentials are only assumed to be weakly smooth or non-smooth, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Jiaming Liang , Yongxin Chen

Many randomized approximation algorithms operate by giving a procedure for simulating a random variable $X$ which has mean $\mu$ equal to the target answer, and a relative standard deviation bounded above by a known constant $c$. Examples…

Computation · Statistics 2019-08-16 Mark Huber

This paper presents the design and analysis of parallel approximation algorithms for facility-location problems, including $\NC$ and $\RNC$ algorithms for (metric) facility location, $k$-center, $k$-median, and $k$-means. These problems…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-06-11 Guy E. Blelloch , Kanat Tangwongsan

Computing the approximate quantiles or ranks of a stream is a fundamental task in data monitoring. Given a stream of elements $x_1, x_2, \dots, x_n$ and a query $x$, a relative-error quantile estimation algorithm can estimate the rank of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Elena Gribelyuk , Pachara Sawettamalya , Hongxun Wu , Huacheng Yu

Randomized approximation algorithms for many #P-complete problems (such as the partition function of a Gibbs distribution, the volume of a convex body, the permanent of a $\{0,1\}$-matrix, and many others) reduce to creating random…

Computation · Statistics 2017-06-30 Mark Huber
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