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As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as task-oriented agents in enterprise environments, ensuring their strict adherence to complex, domain-specific operational guidelines is critical. While utilizing an LLM-as-a-Judge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Jingbo Yang , Guanyu Yao , Bairu Hou , Xinghan Yang , Nikolai Glushnev , Iwona Bialynicka-Birula , Duo Ding , Shiyu Chang

LLM-based agents execute real-world workflows via tools and memory. These affordances enable ill-intended adversaries to also use these agents to carry out complex misuse scenarios. Existing agent misuse benchmarks largely test…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Nivya Talokar , Ayush K Tarun , Murari Mandal , Maksym Andriushchenko , Antoine Bosselut

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved high accuracy on complex commonsense and mathematical problems that involve the composition of multiple reasoning steps. However, current compositional benchmarks testing these skills tend to focus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Lisa Alazraki , Lihu Chen , Ana Brassard , Joe Stacey , Hossein A. Rahmani , Marek Rei

Multi-agent systems have demonstrated exceptional performance in downstream tasks beyond diverse single agent baselines. A growing body of work has explored ways to improve their reasoning and collaboration, from vote, debate, to complex…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Yu Yao , Jiayi Dong , Yang Yang , Ju Li , Yilun Du

What should a developer inspect before deploying an LLM agent: the model, the tool code, the deployment configuration, or all three? In practice, many security failures in agent systems arise not from model weights alone, but from the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Haiyue Zhang , Yi Nian , Yue Zhao

Agent-based social simulation provides a valuable methodology for predicting social information diffusion, yet existing approaches face two primary limitations. Traditional agent models often rely on rigid behavioral rules and lack semantic…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xinyi Li , Zhiqiang Guo , Qinglang Guo , Hao Jin , Weizhi Ma , Min Zhang

Collaborative multi-agent reinforcement learning has rapidly evolved, offering state-of-the-art algorithms for real-world applications, including sensitive domains. However, a key challenge to its widespread adoption is the lack of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Amine Andam , Jamal Bentahar , Mustapha Hedabou

The security of LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) is critically threatened by propagation vulnerability, where malicious agents can distort collective decision-making through inter-agent message interactions. While existing supervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Rui Miao , Yixin Liu , Yili Wang , Xu Shen , Yue Tan , Yiwei Dai , Shirui Pan , Xin Wang

Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) perform complex tasks through long-horizon reasoning and tool interaction, where a fundamental trade-off arises between execution efficiency and reasoning robustness. Models at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Wenbo Gao , Renxi Liu , Xian Wang , Fang Guo , Shuai Yang , Xi Chen , Hui-Ling Zhen , Hanting Chen , Weizhe Lin , Xiaosong Li , Yaoyuan Wang

Multi-agent LLM systems improve reasoning by combining outputs from multiple agents, but interaction-heavy methods can introduce error propagation and high communication overhead. When agents exchange raw responses or reasoning traces,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yi Li , Songtao Wei , Dongming Jiang , Zhichun Guo , Qiannan Li , Bingzhe Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities as autonomous agents through tool use, planning, and decision-making abilities, leading to their widespread adoption across diverse tasks. As task complexity grows,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Ishan Kavathekar , Hemang Jain , Ameya Rathod , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru , Tanuja Ganu

Multi-Agentic AI systems, powered by large language models (LLMs), are inherently non-deterministic and prone to silent failures such as drift, cycles, and missing details in outputs, which are difficult to detect. We introduce the task of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Divya Pathak , Harshit Kumar , Anuska Roy , Felix George , Mudit Verma , Pratibha Moogi

Accurate prediction of traffic crash severity is critical for improving emergency response and public safety planning. Although recent large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong reasoning capabilities, their single-agent architectures…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zhichao Yang , Jiashu He , Jinxuan Fan , Cirillo Cinzia

Large language models (LLMs) often achieve high performance in native language identification (NLI) benchmarks by leveraging superficial contextual clues such as names, locations, and cultural stereotypes, rather than the underlying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Ahmet Yavuz Uluslu , Tannon Kew , Tilia Ellendorff , Gerold Schneider , Rico Sennrich

Consider a multi-agent systems setup in which a principal (a supervisor agent) assigns subtasks to specialized agents and aggregates their responses into a single system-level output. A core property of such systems is information…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Paulius Rauba , Simonas Cepenas , Mihaela van der Schaar

As multi-agent AI systems become increasingly autonomous, evidence shows they can develop collusive strategies similar to those long observed in human markets and institutions. While human domains have accumulated centuries of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jamiu Idowu , Ahmed Almasoud , Ayman Alfahid

Stance detection automatically detects the stance in a text towards a target, vital for content analysis in web and social media research. Despite their promising capabilities, LLMs encounter challenges when directly applied to stance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Xiaochong Lan , Chen Gao , Depeng Jin , Yong Li

We present a Collaborative Agent-Based Framework for Multi-Image Reasoning. Our approach tackles the challenge of interleaved multimodal reasoning across diverse datasets and task formats by employing a dual-agent system: a language-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Angelos Vlachos , Giorgos Filandrianos , Maria Lymperaiou , Nikolaos Spanos , Ilias Mitsouras , Vasileios Karampinis , Athanasios Voulodimos

The growing adoption of large language models (LLMs) presents potential for deeper understanding of human behaviours within game theory frameworks. Addressing research gap on multi-player competitive games, this paper examines the strategic…

General Economics · Economics 2024-10-04 Siting Estee Lu

LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) have emerged as a promising approach to tackle complex tasks that are difficult for individual LLMs. A natural strategy is to scale performance by increasing the number of agents; however, we find that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yingxuan Yang , Chengrui Qu , Muning Wen , Laixi Shi , Ying Wen , Weinan Zhang , Adam Wierman , Shangding Gu