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Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer an energy-efficient paradigm for machine intelligence, but their continued scaling poses challenges for resource-limited deployment. Despite recent advances in binary SNNs, the storage and computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Wenjie Wei , Malu Zhang , Jieyuan Zhang , Ammar Belatreche , Shuai Wang , Yimeng Shan , Hanwen Liu , Honglin Cao , Guoqing Wang , Yang Yang , Haizhou Li

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) exhibit superior energy efficiency but suffer from limited performance. In this paper, we consider SNNs as ensembles of temporal subnetworks that share architectures and weights, and highlight a crucial issue…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Yongqi Ding , Lin Zuo , Mengmeng Jing , Pei He , Hanpu Deng

Neuromorphic computing is an emerging technology enabling low-latency and energy-efficient signal processing. A key algorithmic tool in neuromorphic computing is spiking neural networks (SNNs). SNNs are biologically inspired neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Sanja Karilanova , Subhrakanti Dey , Ayça Özçelikkale

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are promising bio-inspired third-generation neural networks. Recent research has trained deep SNN models with accuracy on par with Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Although the event-driven and sparse nature…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Sherif Eissa , Sander Stuijk , Floran De Putter , Andrea Nardi-Dei , Federico Corradi , Henk Corporaal

Weight quantization is used to deploy high-performance deep learning models on resource-limited hardware, enabling the use of low-precision integers for storage and computation. Spiking neural networks (SNNs) share the goal of enhancing…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Sreyes Venkatesh , Razvan Marinescu , Jason K. Eshraghian

Quantization is a natural complement to the sparse, event-driven computation of Spiking Neural Networks, reducing memory bandwidth and arithmetic cost for deployment on resource-constrained hardware. However, existing SNN quantization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Evan Gibson Smith , Jacob Whitehill , Fatemeh Ganji

Spiking Neural Network (SNN) is the third generation of Neural Network (NN) mimicking the natural behavior of the brain. By processing based on binary input/output, SNNs offer lower complexity, higher density and lower power consumption.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Khanh N. Dang , Abderazek Ben Abdallah

Spiking neural networks (SNN) are artificial computational models that have been inspired by the brain's ability to naturally encode and process information in the time domain. The added temporal dimension is believed to render them more…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-05-29 S. R. Nandakumar , Irem Boybat , Manuel Le Gallo , Evangelos Eleftheriou , Abu Sebastian , Bipin Rajendran

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a promising and energy-efficient alternative to conventional neural networks, thanks to their sparse binary activation. However, they face challenges regarding memory and computation overhead due to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Donghyun Lee , Abhishek Moitra , Youngeun Kim , Ruokai Yin , Priyadarshini Panda

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), recognized as the third generation of neural networks, are known for their bio-plausibility and energy efficiency, especially when implemented on neuromorphic hardware. However, the majority of existing…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Yi Jiang , Sen Lu , Abhronil Sengupta

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are highly energy-efficient during inference, making them particularly suitable for deployment on neuromorphic hardware. Their ability to process event-driven inputs, such as data from dynamic vision sensors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Sirine Arfa , Bernhard Vogginger , Chen Liu , Johannes Partzsch , Mark Schone , Christian Mayr

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as a promising approach to improve the energy efficiency of machine learning models, as they naturally implement event-driven computations while avoiding expensive multiplication operations. In…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Anagha Nimbekar , Prabodh Katti , Chen Li , Bashir M. Al-Hashimi , Amit Acharyya , Bipin Rajendran

In recent years, spiking neural networks (SNNs) have attracted substantial interest due to their potential to replicate the energy-efficient and event-driven processing of biological neurons. Despite this, the application of SNNs in graph…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Mingkun Xu , Huifeng Yin , Yujie Wu , Guoqi Li , Faqiang Liu , Jing Pei , Shuai Zhong , Lei Deng

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are one of the most promising bio-inspired neural networks models and have drawn increasing attention in recent years. The event-driven communication mechanism of SNNs allows for sparse and theoretically…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Andrea Castagnetti , Alain Pegatoquet , Benoît Miramond

Advancements in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) sensors enable sophisticated Predictive Maintenance (PM) with high temporal resolution. For cost-efficient solutions, vibration-based condition monitoring is especially of interest.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Alexandru Vasilache , Sven Nitzsche , Christian Kneidl , Mikael Tekneyan , Moritz Neher , Juergen Becker

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have gained immense success in cognitive applications and greatly pushed today's artificial intelligence forward. The biggest challenge in executing DNNs is their extremely data-extensive computations. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Fuqiang Liu , C. Liu

Neuromorphic computing and, in particular, spiking neural networks (SNNs) have become an attractive alternative to deep neural networks for a broad range of signal processing applications, processing static and/or temporal inputs from…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Souvik Kundu , Rui-Jie Zhu , Akhilesh Jaiswal , Peter A. Beerel

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are gaining popularity in deep learning due to their low energy budget on neuromorphic hardware. However, they still face challenges in lacking sufficient robustness to guard safety-critical applications such…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Jianhao Ding , Zhiyu Pan , Yujia Liu , Zhaofei Yu , Tiejun Huang

Bio-inspired Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) are now demonstrating comparable accuracy to intricate convolutional neural networks (CNN), all while delivering remarkable energy and latency efficiency when deployed on neuromorphic hardware. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Gourav Datta , Zeyu Liu , James Diffenderfer , Bhavya Kailkhura , Peter A. Beerel

Bio-inspired spiking neural networks (SNNs), operating with asynchronous binary signals (or spikes) distributed over time, can potentially lead to greater computational efficiency on event-driven hardware. The state-of-the-art SNNs suffer…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Nitin Rathi , Kaushik Roy