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These lectures deal with the problem of inductive inference, that is, the problem of reasoning under conditions of incomplete information. Is there a general method for handling uncertainty? Or, at least, are there rules that could in…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2016-09-08 Ariel Caticha

We contemplate a higher-level bipolar abstract argumentation for non-elementary arguments such as: X argues against Ys sincerity with the fact that Y has presented his argument to draw a conclusion C, by omitting other facts which would not…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-01-21 Ryuta Arisaka , Stefano Bistarelli , Francesco Santini

In this essay, I attempt to provide supporting evidence as well as some balance for the thesis on `Transforming socio-economics with a new epistemology' presented by Hollingworth and Mueller (2008). First, I review a personal highlight of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-08-26 D. Sornette

Once considered essential to the explanation of electromagnetic phenomena, the ether was eventually discarded after the advent of special relativity. The lack of empirical signature of realist interpretative schemes of quantum mechanics,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-09 Louis Marchildon

David Bohm has often been considered unable to understand the meaning of the quantum revolution as well as its radical metaphysical implications. Similarly, his pilot-wave theory was negatively portrayed as an attempt to restore a classical…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-10-04 Andrea Oldofredi

A student's epistemological stance (be it knowledge as memorized information, knowledge from authority, or knowledge as invented stuff) may constrain that student from reasoning in productive ways while also shaping the inferences a…

Physics Education · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael C. Wittmann , Rachel E. Scherr

The paradox of Wigner's friend challenges the objectivity of description in quantum theory. A pragmatist interpretation can meet this challenge by judicious appeal to decoherence. On this interpretation, quantum theory provides situated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-22 Richard Healey

We develop librationism, {\pounds}, and clarify some mathematical and philosophical matters which relate to the particular manner in which it deals with the paradoxes and to its usefulness as a foundation for mathematics and type free…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-08-05 Frode Bjørdal

Interference phenomena are often claimed to resist classical explanation. However, such claims are undermined by the fact that the specific aspects of the phenomenology upon which they are based can in fact be reproduced in a noncontextual…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-07 Lorenzo Catani , Matthew Leifer , Giovanni Scala , David Schmid , Robert W. Spekkens

The conceptual modelling built from text is rarely an ontology. As a matter of fact, such a conceptualization is corpus-dependent and does not offer the main properties we expect from ontology. Furthermore, ontology extracted from text in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-02-11 Christophe Roche

In this work, we argue that ignorance can be inherently understood as a hyperintensional notion. When faced with two logically or necessarily equivalent propositions, an agent may be ignorant of one while not of the other. To capture…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-03-11 Ekaterina Kubyshkina , Mattia Petrolo

Drawing primarily on her early work (1931-1934), I argue that Alice Ambrose develops a philosophical project centered on preserving the rigor of extensional logic while rejecting the metaphysical and epistemological endorsements of logicism…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Juan J. Colomina-Alminana

It is well-known that Choice and Regularity are independent of each other but have important common consequences of logical character (reflection principles, representations of classes by sets, etc.). We explain this phenomenon by isolating…

Logic · Mathematics 2007-09-20 Denis I. Saveliev

The pros and cons of various forms of atomism and holism that are applicable both in physical science and today's philosophy of nature are evaluated. To this end, Lewis' thesis of Humean supervenience is presented as an important case study…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2009-05-06 Vassilios Karakostas

Time can be defined as the duration between events. It is irreversible. When used as a variable in quantifying the changing properties of matter, this irreversibility of time is incompatible with Newton's deterministic mechanics and with…

chao-dyn · Physics 2007-05-23 X. de Hemptinne

In this article we analyze the notions of amenability and paradoxical decomposition from an algebraic perspective. We consider this dichotomy for locally finite extended metric spaces and for general algebras over commutative fields. In the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-08-08 Pere Ara , Kang Li , Fernando Lledó , Jianchao Wu

Argumentation is a promising model for reasoning with uncertain knowledge. The key concept of acceptability enables to differentiate arguments and counterarguments: The certainty of a proposition can then be evaluated through the most…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-01 Leila Amgoud , Claudette Cayrol

The implications of the original misunderstanding of the etymology of the word "ergodic" are discussed, and the contents of a not too well known paper by Boltzmann are critically examined. The connection with the modern theory of Ruelle is…

chao-dyn · Physics 2008-02-26 Giovannni Gallavotti

The metric Bezout Theorem proved in an earlier paper can be extended to a derivative version that compares derivatives of the algebraic distance of a point $\theta$ to two properly intersecting cycles in projective space with the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2009-01-27 Heinrich Massold

This expository essay discusses a finite dimensional approach to dilation theory. How much of dilation theory can be worked out within the realm of linear algebra? It turns out that some interesting and simple results can be obtained. These…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2014-12-23 Eliahu Levy , Orr Shalit