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Memristor crossbars enable vector-matrix multiplication (VMM), and are promising for low-power applications. However, it can be difficult to write the memristor conductance values exactly. To improve the accuracy of VMM, we propose a scheme…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-07 Binyu Lu , Matthias Frey , Stark Draper , Jingge Zhu

Model compression is essential for serving large deep neural nets on devices with limited resources or applications that require real-time responses. As a case study, a state-of-the-art neural language model usually consists of one or more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-20 Patrick H. Chen , Si Si , Yang Li , Ciprian Chelba , Cho-jui Hsieh

Dimension reduction is often needed in the area of data mining. The goal of these methods is to map the given high-dimensional data into a low-dimensional space preserving certain properties of the initial data. There are two kinds of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-03-23 Yanlai Chen

In this paper we propose novel methods for compression and recovery of multilinear data under limited sampling. We exploit the recently proposed tensor- Singular Value Decomposition (t-SVD)[1], which is a group theoretic framework for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-11-01 Zemin Zhang , Gregory Ely , Shuchin Aeron , Ning Hao , Misha Kilmer

This study presents an ensemble technique, SPQ (SVD-Pruning-Quantization), for large language model (LLM) compression that combines variance-retained singular value decomposition (SVD), activation-based pruning, and post-training linear…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Jiamin Yao , Eren Gultepe

LLMs have shown remarkable proficiency in general language understanding and reasoning. However, they consistently underperform in spatial reasoning that severely limits their application, particularly in embodied intelligence. Inspired by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yi Wang , Haojie Lu , Zhaofan Zhang , Li Chen , Sihong Xie

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have encountered an emerging deployment challenge due to large and expensive memory and computation requirements. In this paper, we present a new Adaptive-Rank Singular Value Decomposition (ARSVD) method that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Kalyan Cherukuri , Aarav Lala

The so-called block-term decomposition (BTD) tensor model has been recently receiving increasing attention due to its enhanced ability of representing systems and signals that are composed of \emph{blocks} of rank higher than one, a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-04-21 Athanasios A. Rontogiannis , Eleftherios Kofidis , Paris V. Giampouras

Understanding how the human brain progresses from processing simple linguistic inputs to performing high-level reasoning is a fundamental challenge in neuroscience. While modern large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Linyang He , Tianjun Zhong , Richard Antonello , Gavin Mischler , Micah Goldblum , Nima Mesgarani

We introduce ReALLM, a novel approach for compression and memory-efficient adaptation of pre-trained language models that encompasses most of the post-training quantization and fine-tuning methods for a budget of <4 bits. Pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Louis Leconte , Lisa Bedin , Van Minh Nguyen , Eric Moulines

There are several factorizations of multi-dimensional tensors into lower-dimensional components, known as `tensor networks'. We consider the popular `tensor-train' (TT) format and ask: How efficiently can we compute a low-rank approximation…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-04-18 Melven Röhrig-Zöllner , Jonas Thies , Achim Basermann

Tensor decompositions have rich applications in statistics and machine learning, and developing efficient, accurate algorithms for the problem has received much attention recently. Here, we present a new method built on Kruskal's uniqueness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-04-20 Miaoyan Wang , Yun S. Song

Current quantization methods for LLMs predominantly rely on block-wise structures to maintain efficiency, often at the cost of representational flexibility. In this work, we demonstrate that element-wise quantization can be made as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Pingzhi Tang , Ruijie Zhou , Fanxu Meng , Wenjie Pei , Muhan Zhang

Although large language models (LLM) have achieved remarkable performance, their enormous parameter counts hinder deployment on resource-constrained hardware. Low-rank compression can reduce both memory usage and computational demand, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Yu-Chen Lu , Chong-Yan Chen , Chi-Chih Chang , Yu-Fang Hu , Kai-Chiang Wu

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) has proven effective for a variety of downstream tasks. However, as LLMs grow in size, the memory demands for backpropagation become increasingly prohibitive. Zeroth-order (ZO) optimization methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Ziming Yu , Pan Zhou , Sike Wang , Jia Li , Mi Tian , Hua Huang

We consider the problem of model compression for Large Language Models (LLMs) at post-training time, where the task is to compress a well-trained model using only a small set of calibration input data. In this work, we introduce a new…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-12 Meyer Scetbon , James Hensman

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized natural language processing, enabling unprecedented capabilities in understanding and generating human-like text. However, the computational cost and convergence times associated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Kerim Büyükakyüz

This paper introduces a novel method of Progressive Low Rank Decomposition (PLRD) tailored for the compression of large language models. Our approach leverages a pre-trained model, which is then incrementally decompressed to smaller sizes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Habib Hajimolahoseini , Mohammad Hassanpour , Foozhan Ataiefard , Boxing Chen , Yang Liu

This paper investigates compact large language model (LLM) deployment and world-model-assisted inference offloading in mobile edge computing (MEC) networks. We first propose an edge compact LLM deployment (ECLD) framework that jointly…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Ruichen Zhang , Xiaofeng Luo , Jiayi He , Dusit Niyato , Jiawen Kang , Zehui Xiong , Yonghui Li

Foundation models have achieved remarkable success, yet their growing parameter counts pose significant computational and memory challenges. Low-rank factorization offers a promising route to reduce training and inference costs, but the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Paul Janson , Edouard Oyallon , Eugene Belilovsky