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The remarkable progress in Large Language Models (LLMs) opens up new avenues for addressing planning and decision-making problems in Multi-Agent Systems (MAS). However, as the number of agents increases, the issues of hallucination in LLMs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Bin Zhang , Hangyu Mao , Jingqing Ruan , Ying Wen , Yang Li , Shao Zhang , Zhiwei Xu , Dapeng Li , Ziyue Li , Rui Zhao , Lijuan Li , Guoliang Fan

Much of the advancement in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) for imperfect-information games has historically depended on the manual, iterative refinement of algorithmic baselines. Recently, evolutionary coding agents powered by…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Zun Li , John Schultz , Daniel Hennes , Marc Lanctot

The emergence of agentic reinforcement learning (Agentic RL) marks a paradigm shift from conventional reinforcement learning applied to large language models (LLM RL), reframing LLMs from passive sequence generators into autonomous,…

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) for navigation enables agents to cooperate to achieve their navigation goals. Using emergent communication, agents learn a communication protocol to coordinate and share information that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Mohamed K. Abdelaziz , Mohammed S. Elbamby , Sumudu Samarakoon , Mehdi Bennis

This paper introduces a causal attribution model to enhance the interpretability of large language models (LLMs) and improve their causal reasoning abilities via precise fine-tuning. Despite LLMs' proficiency in diverse tasks, their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Hengrui Cai , Shengjie Liu , Rui Song

This paper considers multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) in networked system control. Specifically, each agent learns a decentralized control policy based on local observations and messages from connected neighbors. We formulate such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-27 Tianshu Chu , Sandeep Chinchali , Sachin Katti

Reinforcement learning (RL) often encounters delayed and sparse feedback in real-world applications, even with only episodic rewards. Previous approaches have made some progress in reward redistribution for credit assignment but still face…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Yun Qu , Yuhang Jiang , Boyuan Wang , Yixiu Mao , Cheems Wang , Chang Liu , Xiangyang Ji

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a range of text-generation tasks. However, LLMs still struggle with problems requiring multi-step decision-making and environmental feedback, such as online…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zhenfang Chen , Delin Chen , Rui Sun , Wenjun Liu , Chuang Gan

Existing agents for solving tasks such as ML engineering rely on prompting powerful language models. As a result, these agents do not improve with more experience. In this paper, we show that agents backed by weaker models that improve via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Sherry Yang , Joy He-Yueya , Percy Liang

Connected and autonomous vehicles across land, water, and air must often operate in dynamic, unpredictable environments with limited communication, no centralized control, and partial observability. These real-world constraints pose…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Hung Du , Hy Nguyen , Srikanth Thudumu , Rajesh Vasa , Kon Mouzakis

For Industry 4.0 Revolution, cooperative autonomous mobility systems are widely used based on multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). However, the MARL-based algorithms suffer from huge parameter utilization and convergence difficulties…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Soohyun Park , Jae Pyoung Kim , Chanyoung Park , Soyi Jung , Joongheon Kim

Existing communication methods for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) in cooperative multi-robot problems are almost exclusively task-specific, training new communication strategies for each unique task. We address this inefficiency…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Dulhan Jayalath , Steven Morad , Amanda Prorok

As a data-driven approach, multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has made remarkable advances in solving cooperative residential load scheduling problems. However, centralized training, the most common paradigm for MARL, limits…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Zhaoming Qin , Nanqing Dong , Di Liu , Zhefan Wang , Junwei Cao

The applications of Large Language Models (LLMs) in political science are rapidly expanding. This paper demonstrates how LLMs, when augmented with predefined functions and specialized tools, can serve as dynamic agents capable of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Joseph R. Loffredo , Suyeol Yun

We consider the networked multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) problem in a fully decentralized setting, where agents learn to coordinate to achieve the joint success. This problem is widely encountered in many areas including traffic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Chao Qu , Shie Mannor , Huan Xu , Yuan Qi , Le Song , Junwu Xiong

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has made substantial strides in addressing the distributed decision-making challenges. However, as multi-agent systems grow in complexity, gaining a comprehensive understanding of their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Wiem Khlifi , Siddarth Singh , Omayma Mahjoub , Ruan de Kock , Abidine Vall , Rihab Gorsane , Arnu Pretorius

Multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL) has attracted considerable attention due to its potential in addressing complex cooperative tasks. However, existing MARL approaches often rely on frequent exchanges of action or state information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Zhenglong Luo , Zhiyong Chen , Aoxiang Liu , Ke Pan

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, intelligent decision-making techniques have gradually surpassed human levels in various human-machine competitions, especially in complex multi-agent cooperative task scenarios.…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Weiqiang Jin , Hongyang Du , Biao Zhao , Xingwu Tian , Bohang Shi , Guang Yang

Reinforcement learning (RL) is one of the active fields in machine learning, demonstrating remarkable potential in tackling real-world challenges. Despite its promising prospects, this methodology has encountered with issues and challenges,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Alireza Rashidi Laleh , Majid Nili Ahmadabadi

We consider the problem of learning to communicate using multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). A common approach is to learn off-policy, using data sampled from a replay buffer. However, messages received in the past may not accurately…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Sanjeevan Ahilan , Peter Dayan