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The strong planning and reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) have fostered the development of agent-based systems capable of leveraging external tools and interacting with increasingly complex environments. However, these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Zhun Wang , Vincent Siu , Zhe Ye , Tianneng Shi , Yuzhou Nie , Xuandong Zhao , Chenguang Wang , Wenbo Guo , Dawn Song

Deep learning models are increasingly used in mobile applications as critical components. Unlike the program bytecode whose vulnerabilities and threats have been widely-discussed, whether and how the deep learning models deployed in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Yuanchun Li , Jiayi Hua , Haoyu Wang , Chunyang Chen , Yunxin Liu

Penetration testing is a well-established practical concept for the identification of potentially exploitable security weaknesses and an important component of a security audit. Providing a holistic security assessment for networks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-07 Patrick Speicher , Marcel Steinmetz , Jörg Hoffmann , Michael Backes , Robert Künnemann

Exploitation is not a binary event. It is a ladder of acquiring progressive capabilities, from executing a single buggy line of code to taking full control of the target. However, existing LLM security benchmarks treat a crash as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Seunghyun Lee , David Brumley

Modern code completion engines, powered by large language models (LLMs), assist millions of developers with their strong capabilities to generate functionally correct code. Due to this popularity, it is crucial to investigate the security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Slobodan Jenko , Niels Mündler , Jingxuan He , Mark Vero , Martin Vechev

Along with the development of large language models (LLMs), e.g., ChatGPT, many existing approaches and tools for software security are changing. It is, therefore, essential to understand how security-aware these models are and how these…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Jingyue Li , Per Håkon Meland , Jakob Svennevik Notland , André Storhaug , Jostein Hjortland Tysse

Application Layer Gateways (ALGs) play a crucial role in securing critical systems, including railways, industrial automation, and defense applications, by segmenting networks at different levels of criticality. However, they require…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Carmine Cesarano , Roberto Natella

Recently efficient model-checking tools have been developed to find flaws in security protocols specifications. These flaws can be interpreted as potential attacks scenarios but the feasability of these scenarios need to be confirmed at the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-08-01 Hatem Ghabri , Ghazi Maatoug , Michael Rusinowitch

Agentic security systems increasingly audit live targets with tool-using LLMs, but prior systems fix a single coordination topology, leaving unclear when additional agents help and when they only add cost. We treat topology choice as an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Isaac David , Arthur Gervais

As frontier AI models become more capable, evaluating their potential to enable cyberattacks is crucial for ensuring the safe development of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). Current cyber evaluation efforts are often ad-hoc, lacking…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Mikel Rodriguez , Raluca Ada Popa , Four Flynn , Lihao Liang , Allan Dafoe , Anna Wang

End-point monitoring solutions are widely deployed in today's enterprise environments to support advanced attack detection and investigation. These monitors continuously record system-level activities as audit logs and provide deep…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Hao Zhang , Shuo Shao , Song Li , Zhenyu Zhong , Yan Liu , Zhan Qin

Open-source third-party libraries are widely used in software development. These libraries offer substantial advantages in terms of time and resource savings. However, a significant concern arises due to the publicly disclosed…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Yi Gao , Xing Hu , Zirui Chen , Xiaohu Yang

Penetration testing is essential for identifying vulnerabilities in web applications before real adversaries can exploit them. Recent work has explored automating this process with Large Language Model (LLM)-powered agents, but existing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Huihui Huang , Jieke Shi , Junkai Chen , Ting Zhang , Yikun Li , Chengran Yang , Eng Lieh Ouh , Lwin Khin Shar , David Lo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as promising tools in software development, enabling automated code generation and analysis. However, their knowledge is limited to a fixed cutoff date, making them prone to generating code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Minjae Seo , Wonwoo Choi , Myoungsung You , Seungwon Shin

With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), ensuring their safe use becomes increasingly critical. Fine-tuning is a widely used method for adapting models to downstream tasks, yet it is vulnerable to jailbreak attacks.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Xiangfang Li , Yu Wang , Bo Li

Recently, deep learning has demonstrated promising results in enhancing the accuracy of vulnerability detection and identifying vulnerabilities in software. However, these techniques are still vulnerable to attacks. Adversarial examples can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Shigang Liu , Di Cao , Junae Kim , Tamas Abraham , Paul Montague , Seyit Camtepe , Jun Zhang , Yang Xiang

AI agents have significant potential to reshape cybersecurity, making a thorough assessment of their capabilities critical. However, existing evaluations fall short, because they are based on small-scale benchmarks and only measure static…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Zhun Wang , Tianneng Shi , Jingxuan He , Matthew Cai , Jialin Zhang , Dawn Song

This position paper argues that the Authorization-Execution Gap (AEG) is a major safety and security problem in open-world agents. The AEG is the divergence between what a principal intends to authorize and what an open-world agent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Baoyuan Wu , Qingshan Liu , Adel Bibi , Irwin King , Siwei Lyu

While modern day web applications aim to create impact at the civilization level, they have become vulnerable to adversarial activity, where the next cyber-attack can take any shape and can originate from anywhere. The increasing scale and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-28 Tegjyot Singh Sethi , Mehmed Kantardzic

Software is everywhere, from mission critical systems such as industrial power stations, pacemakers and even household appliances. This growing dependence on technology and the increasing complexity software has serious security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-08 Teresa Nicole Brooks