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Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited their problem-solving abilities in mathematical reasoning. Solving realistic optimization (OPT) problems in application scenarios requires advanced and applied mathematics ability. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Zhicheng Yang , Yiwei Wang , Yinya Huang , Zhijiang Guo , Wei Shi , Xiongwei Han , Liang Feng , Linqi Song , Xiaodan Liang , Jing Tang

In recent years, (retro-)digitizing paper-based files became a major undertaking for private and public archives as well as an important task in electronic mailroom applications. As a first step, the workflow involves scanning and Optical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Gregor Wiedemann , Gerhard Heyer

Extracting information from academic PDF documents is crucial for numerous indexing, retrieval, and analysis use cases. Choosing the best tool to extract specific content elements is difficult because many, technically diverse tools are…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Norman Meuschke , Apurva Jagdale , Timo Spinde , Jelena Mitrović , Bela Gipp

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in code generation tasks. However, there remains a performance gap between open-source and closed-source models. To address this gap, existing approaches typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Weijie Lv , Xuan Xia , Sheng-Jun Huang

By virtue of its great utility in solving real-world problems, optimization modeling has been widely employed for optimal decision-making across various sectors, but it requires substantial expertise from operations research professionals.…

Optimization problems are pervasive in sectors from manufacturing and distribution to healthcare. However, most such problems are still solved heuristically by hand rather than optimally by state-of-the-art solvers because the expertise…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Ali AhmadiTeshnizi , Wenzhi Gao , Madeleine Udell

Line separators are used to segregate text-lines from one another in document image analysis. Finding the separator points at every line terminal in a document image would enable text-line segmentation. In particular, identifying the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-21 Amarnath R , P. Nagabhushan

This paper investigates the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in formulating and solving decision-making problems using mathematical programming. We first conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of recent literature to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Mohammad J. Abdel-Rahman , Yasmeen Alslman , Dania Refai , Amro Saleh , Malik A. Abu Loha , Mohammad Yahya Hamed

With the rapid development of the internet in the past decade, it has become increasingly important to extract valuable information from vast resources efficiently, which is crucial for establishing a comprehensive digital ecosystem,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Jinghong Li , Wen Gu , Koichi Ota , Shinobu Hasegawa

Mathematics formalisation is the task of writing mathematics (i.e., definitions, theorem statements, proofs) in natural language, as found in books and papers, into a formal language that can then be checked for correctness by a program. It…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Ayush Agrawal , Siddhartha Gadgil , Navin Goyal , Ashvni Narayanan , Anand Tadipatri

Recognition of handwritten mathematical expressions allows to transfer scientific notes into their digital form. It facilitates the sharing, searching, and preservation of scientific information. We introduce MathWriting, the largest online…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Philippe Gervais , Anastasiia Fadeeva , Andrii Maksai

With the emergence of large language models (LLMs), there is an expectation that LLMs can effectively extract explicit information from complex real-world documents (e.g., papers, reports). However, most LLMs generate paragraph-style…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Tianyun Zhong , Guozhao Mo , Yanjiang Liu , Yihan Chen , Lingdi Kong , Xuanang Chen , Yaojie Lu , Hongyu Lin , Shiwei Ye , Xianpei Han , Ben He , Le Sun

To advance the mathematical proficiency of large language models (LLMs), the DeepMath team has launched an open-source initiative aimed at developing an open mathematical LLM and systematically evaluating its mathematical creativity. This…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising performance in summary evaluation tasks, yet they face challenges such as high computational costs and the Lost-in-the-Middle problem where important information in the middle of long…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Yunshu Wu , Hayate Iso , Pouya Pezeshkpour , Nikita Bhutani , Estevam Hruschka

Automating code documentation through explanatory text can prove highly beneficial in code understanding. Large Language Models (LLMs) have made remarkable strides in Natural Language Processing, especially within software engineering tasks…

A semi-automatic open-source tool for layout analysis on early printed books is presented. LAREX uses a rule based connected components approach which is very fast, easily comprehensible for the user and allows an intuitive manual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-01-26 Christian Reul , Uwe Springmann , Frank Puppe

Object Recognition and Document Skew Estimation have come a long way in terms of performance and efficiency. New models follow one of two directions: improving performance using larger models, and improving efficiency using smaller models.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Lucas Wojcik , Luiz Coelho , Roger Granada , David Menotti

Text-rich document understanding (TDU) requires comprehensive analysis of documents containing substantial textual content and complex layouts. While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved fast progress in this domain,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Wenhui Liao , Jiapeng Wang , Hongliang Li , Chengyu Wang , Jun Huang , Lianwen Jin

While storing invoice content as metadata to avoid paper document processing may be the future trend, almost all of daily issued invoices are still printed on paper or generated in digital formats such as PDFs. In this paper, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Hien Thi Ha , Aleš Horák

The vast portion of workloads employing LLMs involves answering questions grounded on PDF or scan content. We introduce the Arctic-TILT achieving accuracy on par with models 1000$\times$ its size on these use cases. It can be fine-tuned and…