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LLMs have recently demonstrated strong potential in simulating online shopper behavior. Prior work has improved action prediction by applying SFT on action traces with LLM-generated rationales, and by leveraging RL to further enhance…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Yimeng Zhang , Jiri Gesi , Ran Xue , Tian Wang , Ziyi Wang , Yuxuan Lu , Sinong Zhan , Huimin Zeng , Qingjun Cui , Yufan Guo , Jing Huang , Mubarak Shah , Dakuo Wang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel at descriptive tasks within images but often struggle with precise object localization, a critical element for reliable visual interpretation. In contrast, traditional object detection models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Jingru Yang , Huan Yu , Yang Jingxin , Chentianye Xu , Yin Biao , Yu Sun , Shengfeng He

Recent visual generation models have made major progress in photorealism, typography, instruction following, and interactive editing, yet they still struggle with spatial reasoning, persistent state, long-horizon consistency, and causal…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) harness comprehensive knowledge spanning text, images, and audio to adeptly tackle complex problems, including zero-shot in-context learning scenarios. This study explores the ability of MLLMs in…

Latent Action Models (LAMs) enable Vision- Language-Action (VLA) systems to learn semantic action representations from large-scale unannotated data. Yet, we identify two bottlenecks of LAMs: 1) the commonly adopted end-to-end trained image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Zhejia Cai , Yandan Yang , Xinyuan Chang , Shiyi Liang , Ronghan Chen , Feng Xiong , Mu Xu , Ruqi Huang

Referring-based Video Object Segmentation is a multimodal problem that requires producing fine-grained segmentation results guided by external cues. Traditional approaches to this task typically involve training specialized models, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Tuyen Tran , Thao Minh Le , Truyen Tran

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) typically rely on static initial frames for video reasoning, restricting their ability to incorporate essential dynamic information as the reasoning process evolves. Existing methods that augment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Martin Q. Ma , Yuxiao Qu , Aditya Agrawal , Willis Guo , Paul Pu Liang , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Louis-Philippe Morency

The widespread use of cameras in our society has created an overwhelming amount of video data, far exceeding the capacity for human monitoring. This presents a critical challenge for public safety and security, as the timely detection of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Pascal Benschop , Cristian Meo , Justin Dauwels , Jelte P. Mense

Autonomous agentic AI systems powered by vision-language models (VLMs) are rapidly advancing toward real-world deployment, yet their cross-modal reasoning capabilities introduce new attack surfaces for adversarial manipulation that exploit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Hangoo Kang , Jehyeok Yeon , Gagandeep Singh

Designing realistic multi-object scenes requires not only generating images, but also planning spatial layouts that respect semantic relations and physical plausibility. On one hand, while recent advances in diffusion models have enabled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zezhong Fan , Xiaohan Li , Luyi Ma , Kai Zhao , Liang Peng , Topojoy Biswas , Evren Korpeoglu , Kaushiki Nag , Kannan Achan

A navigable agent needs to understand both high-level semantic instructions and precise spatial perceptions. Building navigation agents centered on Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrates a promising solution due to their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Zerui Li , Hongpei Zheng , Fangguo Zhao , Aidan Chan , Jian Zhou , Sihao Lin , Shijie Li , Qi Wu

Recent advances in embodied Vision-Language Agentic Systems (VLAS), powered by large vision-language models (LVLMs), enable AI systems to perceive and reason over real-world scenes. Within this context, environmental signals such as traffic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Jiamin Chang , Minhui Xue , Ruoxi Sun , Shuchao Pang , Salil S. Kanhere , Hammond Pearce

Vision-language model (VLM) agents increasingly rely on memory-augmented reinforcement learning to reuse experience across long-horizon tasks, yet most existing frameworks store memory as text and depend on proprietary teacher models to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Pan Wang , Yihao Hu , Xiujin Liu , Jingchu Yang , Hang Wang , Zhihao Wen

Bioscientists frequently seek to visualize the biological systems they have empirically characterized and reported in the literature. Realizing such visualizations requires biological structure modeling, an inherently complex process that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Donggang Jia , Yunhai Wang , Ivan Viola

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable problem-solving capabilities by autonomously integrating with external tools for collaborative reasoning. However, due to the inherently complex and diverse nature of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Mengjie Deng , Guanting Dong , Zhicheng Dou

While Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across multi-modal tasks, their choice of vision encoders presents a fundamental weakness: their low-level features lack the robust structural and spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Brandon Huang , Hang Hua , Zhuoran Yu , Trevor Darrell , Rogerio Feris , Roei Herzig

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown remarkable achievements, driven by the rich implicit knowledge of their vision-language components. However, achieving generalist robotic agents demands precise grounding into physical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Jialei Huang , Shuo Wang , Fanqi Lin , Yihang Hu , Chuan Wen , Yang Gao

Autoregressive (AR) vision-language models (VLMs) have long dominated multimodal understanding, reasoning, and graphical user interface (GUI) grounding. Recently, discrete diffusion vision-language models (DVLMs) have shown strong…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Shrinidhi Kumbhar , Haofu Liao , Srikar Appalaraju , Kunwar Yashraj Singh

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models provide a promising paradigm for robot learning by integrating visual perception with language-guided policy learning. However, most existing approaches rely on 2D visual inputs to perform actions in 3D…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yicheng Feng , Wanpeng Zhang , Ye Wang , Hao Luo , Haoqi Yuan , Sipeng Zheng , Zongqing Lu

The advent of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) has significantly advanced end-to-end autonomous driving, demonstrating powerful reasoning abilities for high-level behavior planning tasks. However, existing methods are often constrained by a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Weicheng Zheng , Xiaofei Mao , Nanfei Ye , Pengxiang Li , Kun Zhan , Xianpeng Lang , Hang Zhao