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We show that a `QCD dilaton' field, whose vacuum expectation value sets the strong coupling, can render the Quantum Chromodynamic (QCD) confinement transition first-order. The QCD dilaton is cosmologically attracted to a false vacuum at…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-09 Aleksandr Chatrchyan , M. C. David Marsh , Charalampos Nikolis

For large baryochemical potential, strongly interacting matter might undergo a first order phase transition at temperatures T ~ 100-200 MeV. Within standard cosmology, however, the chemical potential is assumed to be very small leading to a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-23 Simon Schettler , Tillmann Boeckel , Jurgen Schaffner-Bielich

We study the gravitational wave spectrum from the confinement-deconfinement phase transi-tion in the holographic QCD models for both light quark and heavy quark. We obtain the gravitationalwave spectrum in the deflagration, detonation and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-12-27 Meng-Wei Li , Yi Yang , Pei-Hung Yuan

We investigate in details the gravitational wave (GW) from the first-order phase transition (PT) in the extended standard model of particle physics with a dimension-six operator, which is capable of exhibiting the recently discovered slow…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-08 Rong-Gen Cai , Misao Sasaki , Shao-Jiang Wang

The gravitational wave (GW) background produced at the cosmological chiral phase transition in a conformal extension of the standard model is studied. To obtain the bounce solution of coupled field equations we implement an iterative…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-04-15 Mayumi Aoki , Jisuke Kubo

Using a large N sigma model approximation we explicitly calculate the power spectrum of gravitational waves arising from a global phase transition in the early universe and we confirm that it is scale invariant, implying an observation of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Katherine Jones-Smith , Lawrence M. Krauss , Harsh Mathur

In a vacuum first-order phase transition, gravitational waves are generated from collision of bubbles of the true vacuum. The spectrum from such collisions takes the form of a broken power law. We consider a toy model for such a phase…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-03 Daniel Cutting , Elba Granados Escartin , Mark Hindmarsh , David J. Weir

We consider the quark-mass dependence of the baryon octet and decuplet ground state masses. It is predicted that QCD dynamics implies a first order transition when increasing the strange quark mass from its chiral limit towards its physical…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2020-04-22 Xiao-Yu Guo , Yonggoo Heo , Matthias F. M. Lutz

We investigate the possibility and impacts of a first-order phase transition from hadronic matter to quark matter in neutron stars (NSs) using two specific models: the parity doublet model (PDM) for the hadronic phase and the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-07-22 Bikai Gao , Wen-Li Yuan , Masayasu Harada , Yong-Liang Ma

We investigate the properties of the gravitational waves (GWs) generated during a strongly first order electroweak phase transition (EWPT) in models with the classical scale invariance (CSI). Here, we distinguish two parameter space regions…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-01-12 Amine Ahriche , Shinya Kanemura , Masanori Tanaka

We discuss spectra of gravitational waves which are originated by the strongly first order phase transition at the electroweak symmetry breaking, which is required for a successful scenario of electroweak baryogenesis. Such spectra are…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-12-16 Mitsuru Kakizaki , Shinya Kanemura , Toshinori Matsui

Heavy-ion collisions performed in the beam energy range accessible by the NICA collider facility are expected to produce systems of extreme net-baryon densities and can thus reach yet unexplored regions of the QCD phase diagram. Here, one…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-09-21 Marlene Nahrgang , Christoph Herold

We have investigated effects of the QCD phase transition on the relic GW spectrum applying several equations of state for the strongly interacting matter: Besides the bag model, which describes a first order transition, we use recent data…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-10 Simon Schettler , Tillmann Boeckel , Jurgen Schaffner-Bielich

Relying only on the standard model of elementary particles and gravity, we study the details of a new source of gravitational waves whose origin is in quantum physics. Namely, it is well known that massless fields in curved backgrounds…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-08-07 De-Chang Dai , Dejan Stojkovic

We calculate the spectrum of gravitational waves originated from strongly first order electroweak phase transition in the extended Higgs model with a real singlet field. In order to calculate the bubble nucleation rate, we perform a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-01-04 Katsuya Hashino , Mitsuru Kakizaki , Shinya Kanemura , Pyungwon Ko , Toshinori Matsui

We show how the generation of right-handed neutrino masses in Majoron models may be associated with a first-order phase transition and accompanied by the production of a stochastic background of gravitational waves (GWs). We explore…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-10-28 Pasquale Di Bari , Danny Marfatia , Ye-Ling Zhou

In this paper we explore the possibility of observable gravitational waves as a manifestation of the QCD axion dynamics. In particular, we focus on dynamical axion models which solve the strong CP problem, and include the confinement of a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-09-04 Djuna Croon , Rachel Houtz , Veronica Sanz

We present a comprehensive analysis of high-temperature vacuum decay and the resulting stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background within the framework of general scale-invariant models. The effective potential is constructed to include…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-07 Ahmad Mohamadnejad

We study the gravitational-wave signal stemming from strongly coupled models featuring both, dark chiral and confinement phase transitions. We therefore identify strongly coupled theories that can feature a first-order phase transition.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-01-19 Manuel Reichert , Francesco Sannino , Zhi-Wei Wang , Chen Zhang

We investigate the cosmological phase transition dynamics in a supersymmetric left-right symmetric model based on the gauge group $SU(3)_C \times SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R \times U(1)_{B-L}$ that addresses the strong CP problem through…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-21 Naoyuki Haba , Yasuhiro Shimizu , Toshifumi Yamada