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Transformer architectures have achieved remarkable success across language, vision, and multimodal tasks, and there is growing demand for them to address in-context compositional learning tasks. In these tasks, models solve the target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Wei Chen , Jingxi Yu , Zichen Miao , Qiang Qiu

Transformer language models have driven significant progress across various fields, including natural language processing and computer vision. A central component of these models is the self-attention (SA) mechanism, which learns rich…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Suvadeep Hajra

Linearization of attention using various kernel approximation and kernel learning techniques has shown promise. Past methods used a subset of combinations of component functions and weight matrices within the random feature paradigm. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Duke Nguyen , Du Yin , Aditya Joshi , Flora Salim

Sequential Recommendation (SR) focuses on personalizing user experiences by predicting future preferences based on historical interactions. Transformer models, with their attention mechanisms, have become the dominant architecture in SR…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yuli Liu , Wenjun Kong , Cheng Luo , Weizhi Ma

Although attention mechanisms have been applied to a variety of deep learning models and have been shown to improve the prediction performance, it has been reported to be vulnerable to perturbations to the mechanism. To overcome the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Shunsuke Kitada , Hitoshi Iyatomi

The attention mechanism is considered the backbone of the widely-used Transformer architecture. It contextualizes the input by computing input-specific attention matrices. We find that this mechanism, while powerful and elegant, is not as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Michael Hassid , Hao Peng , Daniel Rotem , Jungo Kasai , Ivan Montero , Noah A. Smith , Roy Schwartz

In addition to high accuracy, robustness is becoming increasingly important for machine learning models in various applications. Recently, much research has been devoted to improving the model robustness by training with noise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Kun-Peng Ning , Lue Tao , Songcan Chen , Sheng-Jun Huang

Transformers are state-of-the-art models for a variety of sequence modeling tasks. At their core is an attention function which models pairwise interactions between the inputs at every timestep. While attention is powerful, it does not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Hao Peng , Nikolaos Pappas , Dani Yogatama , Roy Schwartz , Noah A. Smith , Lingpeng Kong

Transformer-based neural network architectures achieve state-of-the-art results in different domains, from natural language processing (NLP) to computer vision (CV). The key idea of Transformers, the attention mechanism, has already led to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Alina Ermilova , Nikita Baramiia , Valerii Kornilov , Sergey Petrakov , Alexey Zaytsev

Transformers have become the foundation of numerous state-of-the-art AI models across diverse domains, thanks to their powerful attention mechanism for modeling long-range dependencies. However, the quadratic scaling complexity of attention…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Zhenkun Fan , Zishen Wan , Che-Kai Liu , Ashwin Sanjay Lele , Win-San Khwa , Bo Zhang , Meng-Fan Chang , Arijit Raychowdhury

Transformers have emerged as a powerful neural network architecture capable of tackling a wide range of learning tasks. In this work, we provide a theoretical analysis of their ability to automatically extract structure from data in an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-29 Rodrigo Maulen-Soto , Pierre Marion , Claire Boyer

An essential component of modern recurrent sequence models is the forget gate. While Transformers do not have an explicit recurrent form, we show that a forget gate can be naturally incorporated into Transformers by down-weighting the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Zhixuan Lin , Evgenii Nikishin , Xu Owen He , Aaron Courville

We consider the problem of predicting edges in a graph from node attributes in an e-commerce setting. Specifically, given nodes labelled with search query text, we want to predict links to related queries that share products. Experiments…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Matthew Dippel , Adam Kiezun , Tanay Mehta , Ravi Sundaram , Srikanth Thirumalai , Akshar Varma

Capturing contextual dependencies has proven useful to improve the representational power of deep neural networks. Recent approaches that focus on modeling global context, such as self-attention and non-local operation, achieve this goal by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Shenao Zhang , Li Shen , Zhifeng Li , Wei Liu

Learning robotic manipulation policies through supervised learning from demonstrations remains challenging when policies encounter execution variations not explicitly covered during training. While incorporating historical context through…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Giovanni Minelli , Giulio Turrisi , Victor Barasuol , Claudio Semini

Transformers have emerged as a powerful tool for a broad range of natural language processing tasks. A key component that drives the impressive performance of Transformers is the self-attention mechanism that encodes the influence or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Yunyang Xiong , Zhanpeng Zeng , Rudrasis Chakraborty , Mingxing Tan , Glenn Fung , Yin Li , Vikas Singh

Despite their central role in the success of foundational models and large-scale language modeling, the theoretical foundations governing the operation of Transformers remain only partially understood. Contemporary research has largely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Sagar Ghosh , Kushal Bose , Swagatam Das

Transformer-based video diffusion models (VDMs) deliver state-of-the-art video generation quality but are constrained by the quadratic cost of self-attention, making long sequences and high resolutions computationally expensive. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Mohsen Ghafoorian , Denis Korzhenkov , Amirhossein Habibian

Currently, attention mechanism becomes a standard fixture in most state-of-the-art natural language processing (NLP) models, not only due to outstanding performance it could gain, but also due to plausible innate explanation for the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Lijie Hu , Yixin Liu , Ninghao Liu , Mengdi Huai , Lichao Sun , Di Wang

Transformer architecture has been very successful long runner in the field of Deep Learning (DL) and Large Language Models (LLM) because of its powerful attention-based learning and parallel-natured architecture. As the models grow gigantic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Phani Kumar , Nyshadham , Jyothendra Varma , Polisetty V R K , Aditya Rathore
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