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Social science research has shown that candidates with names indicative of certain races or genders often face discrimination in employment practices. Similarly, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated racial and gender biases in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Huy Nghiem , John Prindle , Jieyu Zhao , Hal Daumé

Large language models (LLMs) acquire beliefs about gender from training data and can therefore generate text with stereotypical gender attitudes. Prior studies have demonstrated model generations favor one gender or exhibit stereotypes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Sharon Levy , William D. Adler , Tahilin Sanchez Karver , Mark Dredze , Michelle R. Kaufman

The presence of social biases in large language models (LLMs) has become a significant concern in AI research. These biases, often embedded in training data, can perpetuate harmful stereotypes and distort decision-making processes. When…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Amirabbas Afzali , Amirreza Velae , Iman Ahmadi , Mohammad Aliannejadi

This paper studies gender bias in machine translation through the lens of Large Language Models (LLMs). Four widely-used test sets are employed to benchmark various base LLMs, comparing their translation quality and gender bias against…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Aleix Sant , Carlos Escolano , Audrey Mash , Francesca De Luca Fornaciari , Maite Melero

Over the last year, Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT have become widely available and have exhibited fairness issues similar to those in previous machine learning systems. Current research is primarily focused on analyzing and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Anna Kruspe

Large language models (LLMs) often inherit and amplify social biases embedded in their training data. A prominent social bias is gender bias. In this regard, prior work has mainly focused on gender stereotyping bias - the association of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Erik Derner , Sara Sansalvador de la Fuente , Yoan Gutiérrez , Paloma Moreda , Nuria Oliver

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in areas influencing societal outcomes, it is critical to understand their tendency to perpetuate and amplify biases. This study investigates whether LLMs exhibit biases in predicting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Xinhua Wu , Qi R. Wang

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into healthcare holds promise to enhance clinical decision-making, yet their susceptibility to biases remains a critical concern. Gender has long influenced physician behaviors and patient…

The rapid integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into various domains raises concerns about societal inequalities and information bias. This study examines biases in LLMs related to background, gender, and age, with a focus on their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Willem Huijzer , Jieying Chen

As artificial intelligence (AI) tools become widely adopted, large language models (LLMs) are increasingly involved on both sides of decision-making processes, ranging from hiring to content moderation. This dual adoption raises a critical…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jiannan Xu , Gujie Li , Jane Yi Jiang

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly mediate economic and organisational processes, from automated customer support and recruitment to investment advice and policy analysis. These systems are often assumed to embody rational decision…

General Economics · Economics 2025-11-18 Luca Corazzini , Elisa Deriu , Marco Guerzoni

As Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to evolve, they are increasingly being employed in numerous studies to simulate societies and execute diverse social tasks. However, LLMs are susceptible to societal biases due to their exposure to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Angana Borah , Rada Mihalcea

This study investigates gender bias in large language models (LLMs) by comparing their gender perception to that of human respondents, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics data, and a 50% no-bias benchmark. We created a new evaluation set using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Tetiana Bas

LLMs are increasingly embedded in programming workflows, from code generation to automated code review. Yet, how gendered communication styles interact with LLM-assisted programming and code review remains underexplored. We present a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Lynn Janzen , Üveys Eroglu , Dorothea Kolossa , Pia Knöferle , Sebastian Möller , Vera Schmitt , Veronika Solopova

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in resume screening pipelines. Although explicit PII (e.g., names) is commonly redacted, resumes typically retain subtle sociocultural markers (languages, co-curricular activities,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Bryan Chen Zhengyu Tan , Shaun Khoo , Bich Ngoc Doan , Zhengyuan Liu , Nancy F. Chen , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

As modern Large Language Models (LLMs) shatter many state-of-the-art benchmarks in a variety of domains, this paper investigates their behavior in the domains of ethics and fairness, focusing on protected group bias. We conduct a two-part…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Hadas Kotek , David Q. Sun , Zidi Xiu , Margit Bowler , Christopher Klein

Gender-inclusive language is often used with the aim of ensuring that all individuals, regardless of gender, can be associated with certain concepts. While psycholinguistic studies have examined its effects in relation to human cognition,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Marion Bartl , Thomas Brendan Murphy , Susan Leavy

The recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized industries such as finance, marketing, and customer service by enabling sophisticated natural language processing tasks. However, the broad adoption of LLMs brings…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Berk Yilmaz , Huthaifa I. Ashqar

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly employed for decision-support across multiple domains. We investigate whether these models display a systematic preferential bias in favor of artificial intelligence (AI) itself. Across three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Benaya Trabelsi , Jonathan Shaki , Sarit Kraus

Large Language Models are increasingly employed in generating consumer product recommendations, yet their potential for embedding and amplifying gender and race biases remains underexplored. This paper serves as one of the first attempts to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Ke Xu , Shera Potka , Alex Thomo