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Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for adapting large-scale pre-trained models to downstream tasks with minimal additional parameters. Among PEFT methods, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) stands out for its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Nghiem T. Diep , Dung Le , Tuan Truong , Tan Dinh , Huy Nguyen , Nhat Ho

Despite advances using low-rank adapters and quantization, pretraining of large models on consumer hardware has not been possible without model sharding, offloading during training, or per-layer gradient updates. To address these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Sebastian Loeschcke , Mads Toftrup , Michael J. Kastoryano , Serge Belongie , Vésteinn Snæbjarnarson

Parameter-efficient finetuning (PEFT) methods effectively adapt large language models (LLMs) to diverse downstream tasks, reducing storage and GPU memory demands. Despite these advantages, several applications pose new challenges to PEFT…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Baohao Liao , Christof Monz

Model extraction attacks (MEAs) on large language models (LLMs) have received increasing attention in recent research. However, existing attack methods typically adapt the extraction strategies originally developed for deep neural networks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zi Liang , Qingqing Ye , Yanyun Wang , Sen Zhang , Yaxin Xiao , Ronghua Li , Jianliang Xu , Haibo Hu

Modern deep neural networks exhibit heterogeneity across numerous layers of various types such as residuals, multi-head attention, etc., due to varying structures (dimensions, activation functions, etc.), distinct representation…

Augmentation by generative modelling yields a promising alternative to the accumulation of surgical data, where ethical, organisational and regulatory aspects must be considered. Yet, the joint synthesis of (image, mask) pairs for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Yannik Frisch , Christina Bornberg , Moritz Fuchs , Anirban Mukhopadhyay

Efficient inference is critical for deploying deep learning models on edge AI devices. Low-bit quantization (e.g., 3- and 4-bit) with fixed-point arithmetic improves efficiency, while low-power memory technologies like analog nonvolatile…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Anmol Biswas , Raghav Singhal , Sivakumar Elangovan , Shreyas Sabnis , Udayan Ganguly

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance across diverse domains, yet their enormous computational and memory requirements hinder deployment in resource-constrained environments. Knowledge distillation offers a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Hao Zhang , Zhibin Zhang , Guangxin Wu , Wanyi Ning , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

We present a data-adaptive method for parameter-efficient fine-tuning of large neural networks. Standard low-rank adaptation methods improve efficiency by restricting each layer update to a fixed low-rank form, but this static…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Omatharv Bharat Vaidya , Connor T. Jerzak , Nhat Ho , Chandrajit Bajaj

Quantized neural networks typically require smaller memory footprints and lower computation complexity, which is crucial for efficient deployment. However, quantization inevitably leads to a distribution divergence from the original…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Runpei Dong , Zhanhong Tan , Mengdi Wu , Linfeng Zhang , Kaisheng Ma

Quantization has become a predominant approach for model compression, enabling deployment of large models trained on GPUs onto smaller form-factor devices for inference. Quantization-aware training (QAT) optimizes model parameters with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Zheng Wang , Juncheng B Li , Shuhui Qu , Florian Metze , Emma Strubell

In this work, we demonstrate how Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) can be used to combine different galaxy imaging datasets to improve redshift estimation with CNN models for cosmology. LoRA is an established technique for large language models…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-05 Vikram Seenivasan , Srinath Saikrishnan , Andrew Lizarraga , Jonathan Soriano , Bernie Boscoe , Tuan Do

Recent visual generative models often struggle with consistency during image editing due to the entangled nature of raster images, where all visual content is fused into a single canvas. In contrast, professional design tools employ layered…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Shengming Yin , Zekai Zhang , Zecheng Tang , Kaiyuan Gao , Xiao Xu , Kun Yan , Jiahao Li , Yilei Chen , Yuxiang Chen , Heung-Yeung Shum , Lionel M. Ni , Jingren Zhou , Junyang Lin , Chenfei Wu

Continual learning (CL) in the context of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) remains a challenging problem, particularly when it comes to learn from a few-shot (FS) samples without catastrophic forgetting. Current most effective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Munsif Ali , Leonardo Rossi , Massimo Bertozzi

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) approximates the update of a pretrained weight matrix using the product of two low-rank matrices. However, standard LoRA follows an explicit-rank paradigm, where increasing model capacity requires adding more rows…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Yihao Ouyang , Shiwei Li , Haozhao Wang , Xiandi Luo , Zhuoqi Hu , Yuetong Song , Qiyu Qin , Yichen Li , Ruixuan Li

Embedding Artificial Intelligence onto low-power devices is a challenging task that has been partly overcome with recent advances in machine learning and hardware design. Presently, deep neural networks can be deployed on embedded targets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Pierre-Emmanuel Novac , Ghouthi Boukli Hacene , Alain Pegatoquet , Benoît Miramond , Vincent Gripon

Weight quantization effectively reduces memory consumption and enable the deployment of Large Language Models on edge devices, yet existing hardware-friendly methods often rely on uniform quantization, which suffers from poor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Xin Nie , Liang Dong , Haicheng Zhang , Jiawang Xiao , G. Sun

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a popular parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) method for Large Language Models (LLMs), yet it still incurs notable overhead and suffers from parameter interference in multi-task scenarios. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Juzheng Zhang , Jiacheng You , Ashwinee Panda , Tom Goldstein

Recently, convolutional neural networks (CNN) have demonstrated impressive performance in various computer vision tasks. However, high performance hardware is typically indispensable for the application of CNN models due to the high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-05-17 Jiaxiang Wu , Cong Leng , Yuhang Wang , Qinghao Hu , Jian Cheng

Low-rank adapation (LoRA) is a popular method that reduces the number of trainable parameters when finetuning large language models, but still faces acute storage challenges when scaling to even larger models or deploying numerous per-user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Dawid J. Kopiczko , Tijmen Blankevoort , Yuki M. Asano