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Confounding pathology with normal anatomical variation remains a significant challenge in unsupervised medical-image anomaly detection, resulting in numerous false positives. To enhance integration of healthy variation, we augment the…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-09 P. Bilha Githinji , Xi Yuan , Ijaz Gul , Lian Zhang , Jinhao Xu , Zhenglin Chen , Peiwu Qin , Dongmei Yu

In augmented reality (AR)-guided surgical navigation, preoperative organ models are superimposed onto the patient's intraoperative anatomy to visualize critical structures such as vessels and tumors. Accurate deformation modeling is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Zheng Han , Jun Zhou , Jialun Pei , Jing Qin , Yingfang Fan , Qi Dou

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The research done in the field of Augmented Reality (AR) for patient positioning in radiation therapy is scarce. We propose an efficient and cost-effective algorithm for tracking the scene and the patient to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Hamid Sarmadi , Rafael Muñoz-Salinas , M. Álvaro Berbís , Antonio Luna , R. Medina-Carnicer

Background: Out-of-plane lesions pose challenges for CT-guided interventions. Augmented reality (AR) headset devices have evolved and are readily capable to provide virtual 3D guidance to improve CT-guided targeting. Purpose: To describe…

Medical Physics · Physics 2020-10-30 Brian J. Park , Stephen J. Hunt , Gregory J. Nadolski , Terence P. Gade

The potential of Augmented Reality (AR) technology to assist minimally invasive surgeries (MIS) lies in its computational performance and accuracy in dealing with challenging MIS scenes. Even with the latest hardware and software…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-04 Long Chen , Wen Tang , Nigel W. John

The diagnosis of brain cancer relies heavily on medical imaging techniques, with MRI being the most commonly used. It is necessary to perform automatic segmentation of brain tumors on MRI images. This project intends to build an MRI…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-28 Yuxiang Hu , Haowei Yang , Ting Xu , Shuyao He , Jiajie Yuan , Haozhang Deng

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is essential for evaluating central nervous system (CNS) tumors, guiding surgical planning, treatment decisions, and assessing postoperative outcomes and complication risks. While recent work has advanced…

Oral cancer is frequently diagnosed at later stages due to its similarity to other lesions. Existing research on computer aided diagnosis has made progress using deep learning; however, most approaches remain limited by small, imbalanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Joy Naoum , Revana Salama , Ali Hamdi

Deformable medical image registration is a fundamental task in medical image analysis with applications in disease diagnosis, treatment planning, and image-guided interventions. Despite significant advances in deep learning based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Muhammad Zafar Iqbal , Ghazanfar Farooq Siddiqui , Anwar Ul Haq , Imran Razzak

Augmented Reality is used in Image Guided surgery (AR IG) to fuse surgical landmarks from preoperative images into a video overlay. Physical simulation is essential to maintaining accurate position of the landmarks as surgery progresses and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-30 Michael Barrow , Alice Chao , Qizhi He , Sonia Ramamoorthy , Claude Sirlin , Ryan Kastner

Malignant brain tumors are among the deadliest neoplasms with the lowest survival rates of any cancer type. In considering surgical tumor resection, suboptimal extent of resection is linked to poor clinical outcomes and lower overall…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-23 Benjamin R. Ecclestone , Kevan Bell , Saad Abbasi , Deepak Dinakaran , Frank K. H. van Landeghem , John R. Mackey , Paul Fieguth , Parsin Haji Reza

This paper presents a method of navigating a surgical robot beyond the resolution of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by using a resolution enhancement technique enabled by high-precision piezoelectric actuation. The surgical robot was…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Daniel Enrique Martinez , Waiman Meinhold , John Oshinski , Ai-Ping Hu , Jun Ueda

The clinical integration of deep learning models for brain tumor diagnosis in neuro-oncology is severely constrained by limited expert-annotated MRI data and substantial inter-institutional domain shift arising from variations in scanners,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Sapna Sachan , Amulya Kumar Mahto , Prashant Wagambar Patil

Accurate needle placement in spine interventions is critical for effective pain management, yet it depends on reliable identification of anatomical landmarks and careful trajectory planning. Conventional imaging guidance often relies both…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Tianyu Song , Felix Pabst , Feng Li , Yordanka Velikova , Miruna-Alexandra Gafencu , Yuan Bi , Ulrich Eck , Nassir Navab

Background: Manual delineation of target volumes in head and neck cancer (HNC) remains a significant bottleneck in radiotherapy planning, characterized by high inter-observer variability and time consumption. This study evaluates the…

Purpose: Registration and segmentation of magnetic resonance (MR) and ultrasound (US) images play an essential role in surgical planning and resection of brain tumors. However, validating these techniques is challenging due to the scarcity…

Magnetic resonance (MR) images collected in 2D clinical protocols typically have large inter-slice spacing, resulting in high in-plane resolution and reduced through-plane resolution. Super-resolution technique can enhance the through-plane…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-21 Xin Wang , Sheng Wang , Honglin Xiong , Kai Xuan , Zixu Zhuang , Mengjun Liu , Zhenrong Shen , Xiangyu Zhao , Lichi Zhang , Qian Wang

During neurosurgery, medical images of the brain are used to locate tumors and critical structures, but brain tissue shifts make pre-operative images unreliable for accurate removal of tumors. Intra-operative imaging can track these…

Delineating the clinical target volume (CTV) in radiotherapy involves complex margins constrained by tumor location and anatomical barriers. While deep learning models automate this process, their rigid reliance on expert-annotated data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Yoon Jo Kim , Wonyoung Cho , Jongmin Lee , Han Joo Chae , Hyunki Park , Sang Hoon Seo , Noh Jae Myung , Kyungmi Yang , Dongryul Oh , Jin Sung Kim

Augmented reality (AR) guidance in laparoscopic liver surgery requires accurate registration of preoperative 3D models to intraoperative 2D video, but remains challenging due to partial visibility, specularities, and tissue deformation.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Hanyuan Zhang , Lucas He , Runlong He , Weixi Yi , Abdolrahim Kadkhodamohammadi , Danail Stoyanov , Brian R. Davidson , Evangelos B. Mazomenos , Matthew J. Clarkson