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Transformer-based architectures have become the prevailing backbone of large language models. However, the quadratic time and memory complexity of self-attention remains a fundamental obstacle to efficient long-context modeling. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yutao Sun , Zhenyu Li , Yike Zhang , Tengyu Pan , Bowen Dong , Yuyi Guo , Jianyong Wang

Long-context modeling is a pivotal capability for Large Language Models, yet the quadratic complexity of attention remains a critical bottleneck, particularly during the compute-intensive prefilling phase. While various sparse attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Qihang Fan , Huaibo Huang , Zhiying Wu , Juqiu Wang , Bingning Wang , Ran He

Video super-resolution (VSR), with the aim to restore a high-resolution video from its corresponding low-resolution version, is a spatial-temporal sequence prediction problem. Recently, Transformer has been gaining popularity due to its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Jiezhang Cao , Yawei Li , Kai Zhang , Luc Van Gool

In this paper, we propose a new Transformer block for video future frames prediction based on an efficient local spatial-temporal separation attention mechanism. Based on this new Transformer block, a fully autoregressive video future…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Xi Ye , Guillaume-Alexandre Bilodeau

Transformers have emerged as the architecture of choice for many state-of-the-art AI models, showcasing exceptional performance across a wide range of AI applications. However, the memory demands imposed by Transformers limit their ability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Hao Liu , Matei Zaharia , Pieter Abbeel

The efficiency of large vision-language models (LVLMs) is constrained by the computational bottleneck of the attention mechanism during the prefill phase and the memory bottleneck of fetching the key-value (KV) cache in the decoding phase,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Yefei He , Feng Chen , Jing Liu , Wenqi Shao , Hong Zhou , Kaipeng Zhang , Bohan Zhuang

Generating realistic videos with diffusion transformers demands significant computation, with attention layers the central bottleneck; even producing a short clip requires running a transformer over a very long sequence of embeddings, e.g.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Sankeerth Durvasula , Kavya Sreedhar , Zain Moustafa , Suraj Kothawade , Ashish Gondimalla , Suvinay Subramanian , Narges Shahidi , Nandita Vijaykumar

Diffusion Transformers (DiT) have become the de-facto model for generating high-quality visual content like videos and images. A huge bottleneck is the attention mechanism where complexity scales quadratically with resolution and video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Ruichen Chen , Keith G. Mills , Liyao Jiang , Chao Gao , Di Niu

Video prediction is a challenging computer vision task that has a wide range of applications. In this work, we present a new family of Transformer-based models for video prediction. Firstly, an efficient local spatial-temporal separation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Xi Ye , Guillaume-Alexandre Bilodeau

Transformers have been successfully applied to the visual tracking task and significantly promote tracking performance. The self-attention mechanism designed to model long-range dependencies is the key to the success of Transformers.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Zhihong Fu , Zehua Fu , Qingjie Liu , Wenrui Cai , Yunhong Wang

The self-attention mechanism has been a key factor in the advancement of vision Transformers. However, its quadratic complexity imposes a heavy computational burden in high-resolution scenarios, restricting the practical application.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Dongchen Han , Tianyu Li , Ziyi Wang , Gao Huang

Video summarization aims to generate a compact, informative, and representative synopsis of raw videos, which is crucial for browsing, analyzing, and understanding video content. Dominant approaches in video summarization primarily rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Libin Lan , Lu Jiang , Tianshu Yu , Xiaojuan Liu , Zhongshi He

Efficient and accurate feed-forward multi-view reconstruction has long been an important task in computer vision. Recent transformer-based models like VGGT, $\pi^3$ and MapAnything have demonstrated remarkable performance with relatively…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Chung-Shien Brian Wang , Christian Schmidt , Jens Piekenbrinck , Bastian Leibe

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance on various vision tasks. However, ViTs' self-attention module is still arguably a major bottleneck, limiting their achievable hardware efficiency. Meanwhile, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Haoran You , Zhanyi Sun , Huihong Shi , Zhongzhi Yu , Yang Zhao , Yongan Zhang , Chaojian Li , Baopu Li , Yingyan Celine Lin

Transformers are slow and memory-hungry on long sequences, since the time and memory complexity of self-attention are quadratic in sequence length. Approximate attention methods have attempted to address this problem by trading off model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Tri Dao , Daniel Y. Fu , Stefano Ermon , Atri Rudra , Christopher Ré

This paper is on video recognition using Transformers. Very recent attempts in this area have demonstrated promising results in terms of recognition accuracy, yet they have been also shown to induce, in many cases, significant computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Adrian Bulat , Juan-Manuel Perez-Rua , Swathikiran Sudhakaran , Brais Martinez , Georgios Tzimiropoulos

Scaling video diffusion transformers (DiTs) is limited by their quadratic 3D attention, even though most of the attention mass concentrates on a small subset of positions. We turn this observation into VSA, a trainable, hardware-efficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Peiyuan Zhang , Yongqi Chen , Haofeng Huang , Will Lin , Zhengzhong Liu , Ion Stoica , Eric Xing , Hao Zhang

Benefiting from the advances in large language models and cross-modal alignment, existing multimodal large language models have achieved prominent performance in image and short video understanding. However, the understanding of long videos…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Haoji Zhang , Yiqin Wang , Yansong Tang , Yong Liu , Jiashi Feng , Xiaojie Jin

Recent advances in single-frame object detection and segmentation techniques have motivated a wide range of works to extend these methods to process video streams. In this paper, we explore the idea of hard attention aimed for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Yuning Chai

The attention mechanism is the key to the success of transformers in different machine learning tasks. However, the quadratic complexity with respect to the sequence length of the vanilla softmax-based attention mechanism becomes the major…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-05 Chong Wu , Maolin Che , Renjie Xu , Zhuoheng Ran , Hong Yan