English
Related papers

Related papers: Calibrated Confidence Expression for Radiology Rep…

200 papers

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive potential in clinical question answering (QA), with Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) emerging as a leading approach for ensuring the factual accuracy of model responses. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Mohita Chowdhury , Yajie Vera He , Jared Joselowitz , Aisling Higham , Ernest Lim

Radiology reports for the same patient examination may contain clinically meaningful discrepancies arising from interpretation differences, reporting variability, or evolving assessments. Systematic analysis of such discrepancies is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zhaoyi Sun , Minal Jagtiani , Wen-wai Yim , Fei Xia , Martin Gunn , Meliha Yetisgen , Asma Ben Abacha

In medical reporting, the accuracy of radiological reports, whether generated by humans or machine learning algorithms, is critical. We tackle a new task in this paper: image-conditioned autocorrection of inaccuracies within these reports.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Arnold Caleb Asiimwe , Dídac Surís , Pranav Rajpurkar , Carl Vondrick

The escalating demand for medical image interpretation underscores the critical need for advanced artificial intelligence solutions to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of radiological diagnoses. This paper introduces CXR-PathFinder, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Pimchanok Sukjai , Apiradee Boonmee

A critical component in the trustworthiness of LLMs is reliable uncertainty communication, yet LLMs often use assertive language when conveying false claims, leading to over-reliance and eroded trust. We present the first systematic study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Gabrielle Kaili-May Liu , Gal Yona , Avi Caciularu , Idan Szpektor , Tim G. J. Rudner , Arman Cohan

Large language models (LLMs) tend to verbalize confidence scores that are largely detached from their actual accuracy, yet the geometric relationship governing this behavior remain poorly understood. In this work, we present a mechanistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Miranda Muqing Miao , Lyle Ungar

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing, yet hallucinations in knowledge-intensive tasks remain a critical challenge. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) addresses this by integrating external…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Zhipeng Song , Xiangyu Kong , Xinrui Bao , Yizhi Zhou , Jiulong Jiao , Sitong Liu , Yuhang Zhou , Heng Qi

In recent years, accurately and quickly deploying medical large language models (LLMs) has become a trend. Among these, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has garnered attention due to rapid deployment and privacy protection. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Penglei Sun , Yixiang Chen , Xiang Li , Xiaowen Chu

Advancements in Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated promising performance in a variety of vision-language tasks involving image-conditioned free-form text generation. However, growing concerns about hallucinations in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Zhuohang Li , Chao Yan , Nicholas J. Jackson , Wendi Cui , Bo Li , Jiaxin Zhang , Bradley A. Malin

Radiology report generation (RRG) aims to automatically generate free-text descriptions from clinical radiographs, e.g., chest X-Ray images. RRG plays an essential role in promoting clinical automation and presents significant help to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Chang Liu , Yuanhe Tian , Yan Song

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have significantly advanced automated Radiology Report Generation (RRG). However, existing methods implicitly assume high-quality inputs, overlooking the noise and artifacts prevalent in real-world clinical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Hongze Zhu , Chen Hu , Jiaxuan Jiang , Hong Liu , Yawen Huang , Ming Hu , Tianyu Wang , Zhijian Wu , Yefeng Zheng

Automatically generated reports from medical images promise to improve the workflow of radiologists. Existing methods consider an image-to-report modeling task by directly generating a fully-fledged report from an image. However, this…

Automatic radiology report generation can alleviate the workload for physicians and minimize regional disparities in medical resources, therefore becoming an important topic in the medical image analysis field. It is a challenging task, as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Xinyi Wang , Grazziela Figueredo , Ruizhe Li , Wei Emma Zhang , Weitong Chen , Xin Chen

We introduce a radiology-focused visual language model designed to generate radiology reports from chest X-rays. Building on previous findings that large language models (LLMs) can acquire multimodal capabilities when aligned with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Xi Zhang , Zaiqiao Meng , Jake Lever , Edmond S. L. Ho

As vision-language models (VLMs) are increasingly deployed in clinical decision support, more than accuracy is required: knowing when to trust their predictions is equally critical. Yet, a comprehensive and systematic investigation into the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Ji Young Byun , Young-Jin Park , Jean-Philippe Corbeil , Asma Ben Abacha

In response to the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic, advanced automated technologies have emerged as valuable tools to aid healthcare professionals in managing an increased workload by improving radiology report generation and prognostic…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-24 Zhusi Zhong , Jie Li , John Sollee , Scott Collins , Harrison Bai , Paul Zhang , Terrence Healey , Michael Atalay , Xinbo Gao , Zhicheng Jiao

Querying incomplete knowledge graphs with neural predictors is powerful but dangerous. Errors compound across multi-hop pipelines with no formal bound on the completeness of results. We introduce ConRAD, the first framework to enforce…

Biomedical question answering (QA) requires accurate interpretation of complex medical knowledge. Large language models (LLMs) have shown promising capabilities in this domain, with retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems enhancing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yingpeng Ning , Yuanyuan Sun , Ling Luo , Yanhua Wang , Yuchen Pan , Hongfei Lin

Recent advancements in multimodal Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced the automation of medical image analysis, particularly in generating radiology reports from chest X-rays (CXR). However, these models still suffer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Yunsoo Kim , Jinge Wu , Su-Hwan Kim , Pardeep Vasudev , Jiashu Shen , Honghan Wu

Automating radiology report generation can significantly alleviate radiologists' workloads. Previous research has primarily focused on realizing highly concise observations while neglecting the precise attributes that determine the severity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Wenjun Hou , Yi Cheng , Kaishuai Xu , Wenjie Li , Jiang Liu