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The goal of automatic Sign Language Production (SLP) is to translate spoken language to a continuous stream of sign language video at a level comparable to a human translator. If this was achievable, then it would revolutionise Deaf hearing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Ben Saunders , Necati Cihan Camgoz , Richard Bowden

Sign language is the primary language for people with a hearing loss. Sign language recognition (SLR) is the automatic recognition of sign language, which represents a challenging problem for computers, though some progress has been made…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-10 Roman Töngi

Sign Languages are the primary form of communication for Deaf communities across the world. To break the communication barriers between the Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing and the hearing communities, it is imperative to build systems capable of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Chrysa Pratikaki , Panagiotis Filntisis , Athanasios Katsamanis , Anastasios Roussos , Petros Maragos

Sign language representation learning presents unique challenges due to the complex spatio-temporal nature of signs and the scarcity of labeled datasets. Existing methods often rely either on models pre-trained on general visual tasks, that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Ryan Wong , Necati Cihan Camgoz , Richard Bowden

Symbolic regression (SR) seeks closed-form mathematical expressions that fit observed data. Neural SR methods amortize the search by training an encoder to map observations directly to expressions in a single pass, but this amortized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Xieting Chu , Sriram Vishwanath , Vijay Ganesh

Sign language recognition (SLR) has long been plagued by insufficient model representation capabilities. Although current pre-training approaches have alleviated this dilemma to some extent and yielded promising performance by employing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Weichao Zhao , Hezhen Hu , Wengang Zhou , Yunyao Mao , Min Wang , Houqiang Li

Recent advances in tracking sensors and pose estimation software enable smart systems to use trajectories of skeleton joint locations for supervised learning. We study the problem of accurately recognizing sign language words, which is key…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Joachim Gudmundsson , Martin P. Seybold , John Pfeifer

Pre-training has proven effective for learning transferable features in sign language understanding (SLU) tasks. Recently, skeleton-based methods have gained increasing attention because they can robustly handle variations in subjects and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Muxin Pu , Mei Kuan Lim , Chun Yong Chong , Chen Change Loy

Sign language serves as the primary meaning of communication for the deaf-mute community. Different from spoken language, it commonly conveys information by the collaboration of manual features, i.e., hand gestures and body movements, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Wengang Zhou , Weichao Zhao , Hezhen Hu , Zecheng Li , Houqiang Li

Isolated Sign Language Recognition (SLR) has mostly been applied on datasets containing signs executed slowly and clearly by a limited group of signers. In real-world scenarios, however, we are met with challenging visual conditions,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Mathieu De Coster , Ellen Rushe , Ruth Holmes , Anthony Ventresque , Joni Dambre

Current SSM-based light field super-resolution (LFSR) methods often fail to fully leverage the complementarity among various LF representations, leading to the loss of fine textures and geometric misalignments across views. To address these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Zeqiang Wei , Kai Jin , Kuan Song , Xiuzhuang Zhou , Wenlong Chen , Min Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated powerful reasoning capabilities through Chain-of-Thought (CoT) in various tasks, yet the inefficiency of token-by-token generation hinders real-world deployment in latency-sensitive recommender…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yiwen Chen , Fuwei Zhang , Zehao Chen , Deqing Wang , Hehan Li , Peizhi Xu , Hanmeng Liu , Shuanglong Li , Xin Pei , Fuzhen Zhuang , Zhao Zhang

LLMs have fundamentally transformed dense retrieval, upgrading backbones from discriminative encoders to generative architectures. However, a critical disconnect remains: while LLMs possess strong reasoning capabilities, current retrievers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jiajie Jin , Yanzhao Zhang , Mingxin Li , Dingkun Long , Pengjun Xie , Yutao Zhu , Zhicheng Dou

Deep Learning architectures, and in particular Transformers, are conventionally viewed as a composition of layers. These layers are actually often obtained as the sum of two contributions: a residual path that copies the input and the…

The goal of this work is to develop self-sufficient framework for Continuous Sign Language Recognition (CSLR) that addresses key issues of sign language recognition. These include the need for complex multi-scale features such as hands,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Youngjoon Jang , Youngtaek Oh , Jae Won Cho , Myungchul Kim , Dong-Jin Kim , In So Kweon , Joon Son Chung

Building upon recent structural disentanglement frameworks for sign language production, we propose A$^{2}$V-SLP, an alignment-aware variational framework that learns articulator-wise disentangled latent distributions rather than…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Sümeyye Meryem Taşyürek , Enis Mücahid İskender , Hacer Yalim Keles

This paper examines two aspects of the isolated sign language recognition (ISLR) task. First, although a certain number of datasets is available, the data for individual sign languages is limited. It poses the challenge of cross-language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Ilya Ovodov , Petr Surovtsev , Karina Kvanchiani , Alexander Kapitanov , Alexander Nagaev

Skeleton-aware sign language recognition (SLR) has gained popularity due to its ability to remain unaffected by background information and its lower computational requirements. Current methods utilize spatial graph modules and temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Lianyu Hu , Liqing Gao , Zekang Liu , Wei Feng

Sign language recognition involves modeling complex multichannel information, such as hand shapes and movements while relying on sufficient sign language-specific data. However, sign languages are often under-resourced, posing a significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Hossein Ranjbar , Alireza Taheri

The performances of Sign Language Recognition (SLR) systems have improved considerably in recent years. However, several open challenges still need to be solved to allow SLR to be useful in practice. The research in the field is in its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Ozge Mercanoglu Sincan , Julio C. S. Jacques Junior , Sergio Escalera , Hacer Yalim Keles