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In this work, we develop an efficient decoding method for graph codes, a class of stabilizer quantum error-correcting codes constructed from graph states. While optimal decoding is generally NP-hard, we propose a faster decoder exploiting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Nirupam Basak , Goutam Paul

Topological color codes defined by the 4.8.8 semiregular lattice feature geometrically local check operators and admit transversal implementation of the entire Clifford group, making them promising candidates for fault-tolerant quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-14 Ashley M. Stephens

Large scale quantum circuits are required to exploit the advantages of quantum computers. Despite significant advancements in quantum hardware, scalability remains a challenge, with errors accumulating as more qubits and gates are added. To…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-29 Younghun Kim , Hansol Kim , Jeongsoo Kang , Wonjae Choi , Younghun Kwon

Decoding stabilizer codes such as the surface and toric codes involves evaluating free-energy differences in a disordered statistical mechanics model, in which the randomness comes from the observed pattern of error syndromes. We study the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-20 Hongkun Chen , Daohong Xu , Grace M. Sommers , David A. Huse , Jeff D. Thompson , Sarang Gopalakrishnan

We construct a family of quantum low-density parity-check codes locally equivalent to higher-dimensional quantum hypergraph-product (QHP) codes. Similarly to QHP codes, the proposed codes have highly redundant sets of low-weight stabilizer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Hsiang-Ku Lin , Pak Kau Lim , Alexey A. Kovalev , Leonid P. Pryadko

Self-correcting quantum memories demonstrate robust properties that can be exploited to improve active quantum error-correction protocols. Here we propose a cellular automaton decoder for a variation of the color code where the bases of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-15 Jonathan F. San Miguel , Dominic J. Williamson , Benjamin J. Brown

We present lower bounds on the minimum pseudocodeword effective Euclidean distance (or minimum "pseudodistance") for coded modulation systems using linear codes with $q$-ary phase-shift keying (PSK) modulation over the additive white…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-06-12 Vitaly Skachek , Mark F. Flanagan

For quantum error correction codes the required number of measurement rounds typically increases with the code distance when measurements are faulty. Single-shot error correction allows for an error threshold with only one round of noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-26 Yingjia Lin , Shilin Huang , Kenneth R. Brown

We consider the surface code under errors featuring both coherent and incoherent components and study the coherence of the corresponding logical noise channel and how this impacts information-theoretic measures of code performance, namely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Jan Behrends , Benjamin Béri

We introduce a framework called spacetime concatenation for fault-tolerant compilation of syndrome extraction circuits of stabilizer codes. Spacetime concatenation enables efficient compilation of syndrome extraction circuits into dynamical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Yichen Xu , Arpit Dua

We map the decoding problem of the surface code under depolarizing and syndrome noise to a disordered spin model, which we call the random coupled-plaquette gauge model (RCPGM). By coupling X- and Z-syndrome volumes, this model allows us to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-19 Manuel Rispler , Davide Vodola , Markus Müller , Seyong Kim

We present a [[7, 1, 3]] quantum error-correcting code that is able to achieve fault-tolerant syndrome measurement using one ancillary qubit per stabilizer for an error model of independent single-qubit Pauli errors. All single-qubit Pauli…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-04 Muyuan Li , Mauricio Gutiérrez , Stanley E. David , Alonzo Hernandez , Kenneth R. Brown

We designed an search algorithm in order to find a non-transversal but fault-tolerant construction of a logical controlled-phase gate for general [[n,1,d]] degenerate quantum code. Then we give an example to illustrate our algorithm for a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-30 Chen Lin , Guowu Yang

An important outstanding challenge that must be overcome in order to fully utilize the XY surface code for correcting biased Pauli noise is the phenomena of fragile temporal boundaries that arise during the standard logical state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-16 Pei-Kai Tsai , Yue Wu , Shruti Puri

Quantum error correction plays a prominent role in the realization of quantum computation, and quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes are believed to be practically useful stabilizer codes. While qLDPC codes are defined to have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-29 Shi Jie Samuel Tan , Lev Stambler

We consider a topological stabilizer code on a honeycomb grid, the "XYZ$^2$" code. The code is inspired by the Kitaev honeycomb model and is a simple realization of a "matching code" discussed by Wootton [J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 48, 215302…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-04 Basudha Srivastava , Anton Frisk Kockum , Mats Granath

We propose a model for quantum computing with long chains of trapped ions and we design quantum error correction schemes for this model. The main components of a quantum error correction scheme are the quantum code and a quantum circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Min Ye , Nicolas Delfosse

Utilizing the framework of $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theories in the context of Pauli stabilizer codes, we present methodologies for simulating fermions via qubit systems on a two-dimensional square lattice. We investigate the symplectic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-30 Yu-An Chen , Alexey V. Gorshkov , Yijia Xu

We optimize fault-tolerant quantum error correction to reduce the number of syndrome bit measurements. Speeding up error correction will also speed up an encoded quantum computation, and should reduce its effective error rate. We give both…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-13 Nicolas Delfosse , Ben W. Reichardt

Construction of error-correcting codes achieving a designated minimum distance parameter is a central problem in coding theory. In this work, we study a very simple construction of binary linear codes that correct a given number of errors…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Mahdi Cheraghchi , João Ribeiro