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NLP tasks differ in the semantic information they require, and at this time no single se- mantic representation fulfills all requirements. Logic-based representations characterize sentence structure, but do not capture the graded aspect of…

Observed associations in a database may be due in whole or part to variations in unrecorded (latent) variables. Identifying such variables and their causal relationships with one another is a principal goal in many scientific and practical…

Despite the central role of self-assembled groups in animal and human societies, statistical tools to explain their composition are limited. We introduce a statistical framework for cross-sectional observations of groups with exclusive…

When we work with information from multiple sources, the formalism each employs to handle uncertainty may not be uniform. In order to be able to combine these knowledge bases of different formats, we need to first establish a common basis…

Quantum non-demolition measurements facilitate various quantum technologies, including quantum communication. Notably, their operational structure can be replicated by a classical model--referred to as a noncontextual model--making it…

We introduce a hierarchical classification of theories that describe systems with fundamentally limited information content. This property is introduced in an operational way and gives rise to the existence of mutually complementary…

A quantitative model of concurrent interaction is introduced. The basic objects are linear combinations of partial order relations, acted upon by a group of permutations that represents potential non-determinism in synchronisation. This…

We study coordination under restricted information, where classical local models fail to implement certain correlated distributions because agents cannot condition on past history. We show that quantum systems overcome this limitation even…

The aim of this paper is to extend probability theory from the classical to the product t-norm fuzzy logic setting. More precisely, we axiomatize a generalized notion of finitely additive probability for product logic formulas, called…

We address perfect discrimination of two separable states. When available states are restricted to separable states, we can theoretically consider a larger class of measurements than the class of measurements allowed in quantum theory. The…

We consider N quantum systems initially prepared in pure states and address the problem of unambiguously comparing them. One may ask whether or not all $N$ systems are in the same state. Alternatively, one may ask whether or not the states…

We present a quantum-like (QL) model in that contexts (complexes of e.g. mental, social, biological, economic or even political conditions) are represented by complex probability amplitudes. This approach gives the possibility to apply the…

We introduce algebriac sets in the products of complex projective spaces for multipartite mixed states, which are independent of their eigenvalues and only measure the "position" of their eigenvectors, as their non-local invariants (ie.…

The representation of numbers by product states in quantum mechanics can be extended to the representation of words and word sequences in languages by product states. This can be used to study quantum systems that generate text that has…

Contextuality and nonlocality are non-classical properties exhibited by quantum statistics whose implications profoundly impact both foundations and applications of quantum theory. In this paper we provide some insights into logical…

This paper presents an alternative approach to quantum entanglement, one that effectively resolves the logical inconsistencies without leading to logical contradictions. By addressing some of the inconsistencies within quantum mechanics,…

We consider symmetry as a foundational concept in quantum mechanics and rewrite quantum mechanics and measurement axioms in this description. We argue that issues related to measurements and physical reality of states can be better…

This paper presents a substructural logic of sequents with very restricted exchange and weakening rules. It is sound with respect to sequences of measurements of a quantic system. A sound and complete semantics is provided. The semantic…

We propose the task of local state marking (LSM), where some multipartite quantum states chosen randomly from a known set of states are distributed among spatially separated parties without revealing the identities of the individual states.…

This paper surveys some recent developments towards a dynamic quantum logic and outlines its explicite construction -- some analogies and contrasts with other logics of dynamics are indicated. Abstract: The development of ``(static)…