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Federated learning (FL) is a promising paradigm to enable privacy-preserving deep learning from distributed data. Most previous works are based on federated average (FedAvg), which, however, faces several critical issues, including a high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Lumin Liu , Jun Zhang , S. H. Song , Khaled B. Letaief

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as the state-of-the-art approach for learning from decentralized data in privacy-constrained scenarios.However, system and statistical challenges hinder its real-world applicability, requiring efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Riccardo Zaccone , Sai Praneeth Karimireddy , Carlo Masone , Marco Ciccone

Robust machine learning (ML) models can be developed by leveraging large volumes of data and distributing the computational tasks across numerous devices or servers. Federated learning (FL) is a technique in the realm of ML that facilitates…

Foundation models (FMs) adapt well to specific domains or tasks with fine-tuning, and federated learning (FL) enables the potential for privacy-preserving fine-tuning of the FMs with on-device local data. For federated fine-tuning of FMs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Yae Jee Cho , Luyang Liu , Zheng Xu , Aldi Fahrezi , Gauri Joshi

As large language models (LLMs) evolve, deploying them solely in the cloud or compressing them for edge devices has become inadequate due to concerns about latency, privacy, cost, and personalization. This survey explores a collaborative…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Senyao Li , Haozhao Wang , Wenchao Xu , Rui Zhang , Song Guo , Jingling Yuan , Xian Zhong , Tianwei Zhang , Ruixuan Li

Large language models (LLMs) are typically served from clusters of GPUs/NPUs that consist of large number of devices. Unfortunately, communication between these devices incurs significant overhead, increasing the inference latency and cost…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Ahmet Caner Yüzügüler , Jiawei Zhuang , Lukas Cavigelli

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed learning methodology that allows multiple nodes to cooperatively train a deep learning model, without the need to share their local data. It is a promising solution for telemonitoring systems that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Alaa Awad Abdellatif , Naram Mhaisen , Amr Mohamed , Aiman Erbad , Mohsen Guizani , Zaher Dawy , Wassim Nasreddine

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive performance across various natural language processing tasks. Serving LLM inference for generating long contents, however, poses a challenge due to the enormous memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Wonbeom Lee , Jungi Lee , Junghwan Seo , Jaewoong Sim

Federated learning (FL) has shown great potential in medical image computing since it provides a decentralized learning paradigm that allows multiple clients to train a model collaboratively without privacy leakage. However, current studies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Meilu Zhu , Qiushi Yang , Zhifan Gao , Yixuan Yuan , Jun Liu

Federated learning (FL) is a machine learning field in which researchers try to facilitate model learning process among multiparty without violating privacy protection regulations. Considerable effort has been invested in FL optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Dun Zeng , Siqi Liang , Xiangjing Hu , Hui Wang , Zenglin Xu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in cross-modal understanding and generation by integrating visual and textual information. While instruction tuning and parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Weiying Zheng , Ziyue Lin , Pengxin Guo , Yuyin Zhou , Feifei Wang , Liangqiong Qu

Federated learning (FL) is an effective paradigm for enhancing the learning capability of edge devices while preserving data privacy. In geographically dispersed FL systems, such as sensor networks in remote areas, unmanned aerial vehicles…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Shiqian Guo , Jianqing Liu , Beatriz Lorenzo

Personalization methods in federated learning aim to balance the benefits of federated and local training for data availability, communication cost, and robustness to client heterogeneity. Approaches that require clients to communicate all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Karan Singhal , Hakim Sidahmed , Zachary Garrett , Shanshan Wu , Keith Rush , Sushant Prakash

Federated learning (FL) is a privacy-promoting framework that enables potentially large number of clients to collaboratively train machine learning models. In a FL system, a server coordinates the collaboration by collecting and aggregating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Huancheng Chen , Haris Vikalo

Federated learning (FL) has attracted increasing attention in recent years. As a privacy-preserving collaborative learning paradigm, it enables a broader range of applications, especially for computer vision and natural language processing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Yilun Lin , Chaochao Chen , Cen Chen , Li Wang

Recent research in federated large language models (LLMs) has primarily focused on enabling clients to fine-tune their locally deployed homogeneous LLMs collaboratively or on transferring knowledge from server-based LLMs to small language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Tao Fan , Guoqiang Ma , Yan Kang , Hanlin Gu , Yuanfeng Song , Lixin Fan , Kai Chen , Qiang Yang

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging paradigm of collaborative machine learning that preserves user privacy while building powerful models. Nevertheless, due to the nature of open participation by self-interested entities, it needs to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Yanci Zhang , Han Yu

Large Language Model (LLM) inference is increasingly constrained by memory bandwidth, with frequent access to the key-value (KV) cache dominating data movement. While attention sparsity reduces some memory traffic, the relevance of past…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Yunhua Fang , Rui Xie , Asad Ul Haq , Linsen Ma , Kaoutar El Maghraoui , Naigang Wang , Meng Wang , Liu Liu , Tong Zhang

In modern communication networks driven by 5G and the Internet of Things (IoT), effective network traffic flow classification is crucial for Quality of Service (QoS) management and security. Traditional centralized machine learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Jiazhuo Tian , Yachao Yuan

Federated cross-domain recommendation (Federated CDR) aims to collaboratively learn personalized recommendation models across heterogeneous domains while preserving data privacy. Recently, large language model (LLM)-based recommendation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Xinrui He , Ting-Wei Li , Tianxin Wei , Xuying Ning , Xinyu He , Wenxuan Bao , Hanghang Tong , Jingrui He